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Yuanye (2 points) Located in the depression 3 cun below the axilla. It can be found by raising the arm. Moxibustion is prohibited. Unfortunate consequences of moxibustion include the development of "Ma Yang" (a severe skin ulcer or gangrenous sore). If internal ulceration occurs, it leads to death. However, Ma Yang caused by chills and fever is treatable. Needle depth: 0.3 cun. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats chest weakness and inability to raise the arm. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Also known as Quanye point, belonging to the Gallbladder Meridian.

Zhejin (2 points) Located 1 cun anterior to the point 3 cun below the axilla, at the beginning of the hypochondrium. Moxibustion: 3 cones. Needle depth: 0.6 cun. *Tongren Jing* states: Where the Qi of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian emerges. Treats sudden fullness in the chest, inability to lie flat, and wheezing (alternative view).

Tianchi (2 points) Also known as Tianhui. Located 1 cun posterior to the nipple, 3 cun below the axilla, adjacent to the rib cage, directly opposite the axilla, within the intercostal space. Moxibustion: 3 cones. Needle depth: 0.3 cun. *Tongren Jing* states: Intersection of the Pericardium Meridian of Hand-Jueyin and the Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang. Treats chills and fever, irritability and fullness in the chest and diaphragm, headache, inability to raise the four limbs, swelling in the axilla, rebellious Qi with cough, sounds in the chest, and ringing in the throat. *Mingtang Jing* states: Treats chills, fever, and malaria; heat diseases with no sweating (belongs to the Pericardium Meridian).

Dabao (2 points) Located 3 cun below Yuanye. It is the major Luo-Connecting vessel of the Spleen, distributed in the chest and hypochondrium, emerging from between the ninth ribs. Moxibustion: 3 cones. Needle depth: 0.3 cun. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats accumulation of pathogenic Qi in the abdomen causing breathing difficulties, pain in the chest and hypochondrium. Excess syndrome presents as coldness throughout the body; deficiency syndrome presents as flaccidity of all joints (belongs to the Spleen Meridian).

Jiuwei (1 point) Also known as Wei Yi, also known as Gugu. Located 0.5 cun below the xiphoid process (sternebra). Moxibustion is prohibited. Moxibustion causes lifelong deficiency of heart Qi and mental energy. This point is difficult to needle; only skilled practitioners should needle it. Otherwise, excessive extraction of Qi may shorten life. Needle depth: 0.3 cun. Retain for 3 breaths. Dispersing method coordinated with 5 inhalations. For obese patients, double the parameters. *Mingtang Jing* states: In the depression 0.5 cun below the xiphoid process. Moxibustion: 3 cones. Treats palpitations, dissipation of Shen-Qi, epilepsy and mania, and incoherent speech. *Suwen* commentary states: Moxibustion and acupuncture are prohibited. For individuals without a xiphoid process, locate 1 cun inferior to the sternal notch. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats Heart Wind causing palpitations, epilepsy, and mania with symptoms like bird calls, hematemesis, chest oppression, aversion to hearing voices, abdominal distension and fullness, frequent belching, wheezing, throat obstruction, difficulty swallowing fluids. Contraindications are the same as above. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Moxibustion is prohibited (belongs to the Ren Mai).

Jueque (1 point) The Mu-Point of the Heart. Located 1 cun below Jiuwei. To locate the point between Jiuwei and Jueque, slightly tense the muscles to measure one cun. Needle depth: 0.6 cun. Retain for 7 breaths. Perform dispersing technique upon arrival of Deqi. Moxibustion: 7 cones, maximum 49 cones. *Mingtang Jing* states: In the depression 1 cun below Jiuwei. Treats unbearable heart pain, hematemesis, vexation, diaphragmatic discomfort, hypochondriac distension, cholera with persistent vomiting and diarrhea, prostration, and unconsciousness. *Tongren Jing* states: Where the Qi of the Ren Mai emerges. Treats vexation and fullness in the heart, heat diseases, phlegm-fluid retention in the chest, acute abdominal distension and pain, confusion and unconsciousness, Xiben disease with occasional bloody sputum, ascariasis-related heart pain, gu-poison and cholera, mania with loss of recognition, palpitations, and shortness of Qi. Additionally treats wind-heat epilepsy. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Treats wind-manic behavior with incoherent speech or bird-like sounds, anorexia, and lack of heart Qi. Various types of heart pain include cold pain, ascariasis pain, gu-poison, cholera-induced unconsciousness, acute abdominal distension and pain with sweating and cold extremities/arms. Contraindications are the same as above.

Shangwan (1 point) [Also written as Guan]. Located 1 cun below Juque. Position is 1 cun from the xiphoid process (*Mingtang Jing* states 3 cun from the giant bone). Needle insertion: 0.8 cun. Technique: Tonify first, then disperse, yielding miraculous results. For wind-epilepsy and heat diseases, disperse first, then tonify for immediate cure. Moxibustion: 14 cones daily, up to 100 cones. If not cured, double the dose. Contraindications are the same. *Mingtang Xiajing* states: Moxibustion 3 cones. *Tongren Jing* states: Intersection of the Ren Mai, Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming, and Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang. Treats heat and vexation in the heart, Ben Tun Qi causing fullness and anorexia, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, fever with no sweating, excessive saliva due to Sanjiao dysfunction, frequent palpitations, unbearable heart pain, Fu Liang Qi resembling an inverted cup. Lin Youyun states: Treats cholera and heart pain preventing sleep, mental oppression, and hiccups. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: 3 cun below Jiuwei. *Mingtang Jing* states: Treats vomiting and inability to swallow food/drink, chest distension and Qi fullness, palpitations, occasional hematemesis, and stabbing abdominal pain.

Zhongwan (1 point) Also known as Taicang. The Mu-Point of the Stomach. Located 1 cun below Shangwan. "Shangji" refers to Zhongwan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for 7 breaths. Dispersing method coordinated with 5 inhalations. Withdraw needle quickly. Moxibustion: 14 cones, maximum 100 cones. Contraindications are the same. *Mingtang Jing* states: Moxibustion 14 cones daily, maximum 400 cones (*Qianjin Fang* states: Also known as Stomach Mu, 4 cun below the heart, 1 cun below the stomach tube). *Tongren Jing* states: Emergence of Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine and Foot-Yangming Stomach meridians, intersection of the Ren Mai. Treats subcardiac fullness, indigestion from overeating, cholera, vomiting and diarrhea with loss of awareness, heart pain, warm malaria, shanghan, excessive water intake, abdominal distension and asthma, Ben Tun Qi attacking upward due to excessive reading, Fu Liang causing subcardiac oppression resembling an inverted cup, cold-phlegm stagnation. Avoid pork, fish, raw/cold foods, alcohol, and wheat products. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Treats hidden heart conditions with anorexia, regurgitation, cholera, heart pain, heat plague, malaria, epidemic fevers, shanghan, abdominal heat, thirst with salivation indicating ascariasis. Pressing the abdomen firmly, abdominal distension with constipation, hard stool, emotional injury leading to Qi accumulation, severe abdominal pain with abscess formation, migrating pain, hypochondriac hardness, foul nasal odor, hot head, epistaxis, shanghan from overeating, indigestion, jaundice with chills, Chong Hernia, stomach pain, coma. Also treats back pain pressing against the heart. *Zisheng Jing* cites Wang Shi: According to *Qi Kue Lun* commentary, Zhongwan is midway between the xiphoid process and the umbilicus. Needle depth 1.2 cun differs slightly from *Tongren Jing*; following *Tongren Jing* is safer. As the "Stomach Mu," food accumulates here. I once suffered spleen pain; after moxibustion on this point, cold Qi rose from both hypochondria and dispersed at the site, demonstrating the efficacy of moxibustion. Since then, I frequently moxa this point and advise others to do so. For unbearable spleen pain and complete anorexia, moxibustion is indicated (*Nanjing Shu*: Fu-Hui is Taicang; treat Fu diseases here, 3 cun below the heart).

Jianli (1 point) Located 1 cun below Zhongwan. Needle depth: 0.5 cun. Retain for 10 breaths. Moxibustion: 5 cones. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats subcardiac pain, anorexia, retching with rebellious Qi, abdominal distension, and edema. Also treats intestinal pain; needle depth 1.2 cun, moxibustion is also effective. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: 1.2 cun below Zhongwan. Moxibustion is prohibited.

Xiawan (1 point) Located 1 cun below Jianli. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for 3 breaths. Dispersing method coordinated with 5 inhalations. Moxibustion: 14 cones, maximum 200 cones. *Tongren Jing* states: Intersection of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Ren Mai. Treats abdominal pain, cold Qi of the Six Fu organs, food stagnation, anorexia, dark urine, abdominal hardness, masses, pulsating vessels above the umbilicus, progressive emaciation. Needle depth 0.8 cun, moxibustion is also good. Also treats disharmony between abdomen and stomach, abdominal pain preventing eating, intestinal hardness and abdominal distension.

Shuifen (1 point) Located 1 cun below Xiawan, 1 cun above the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain for 3 breaths. Dispersing method coordinated with 5 inhalations. For water diseases, moxibustion is highly effective. Moxibustion: 7 cones, maximum 100 cones. Acupuncture is prohibited. Needling until water is exhausted leads to death (alternative: in the depression). *Mingtang Jing* states: For water diseases, moxibustion is highly effective. Moxibustion 7 cones daily, maximum 400 cones. Needle depth 0.5 cun, retain 3 breaths (also states: Water Qi is difficult to needle; needling Shuifen until water is exhausted causes death; alternatively, it can be needled, but currently, avoiding needling is preferred). Also treats water Qi edema, drum-distension, borborygmus like thunder, gas rushing to the heart. Moxibustion 3 cones daily for 4 days. *Tongren Jing* states: Where the Qi of the Ren Mai emerges. Treats abdominal hardness like a drum, edema with borborygmus, stomach deficiency with distension, anorexia, periumbilical pain rushing to the chest causing breathing difficulty. Also known as Fen Shui. Treats abdominal pain preventing eating, intestinal hardness and abdominal swelling, stomach tube dysfunction, hardness. *Zisheng Jing* cites *Mingtang Jing*: For water diseases, moxibustion is highly effective. Needle depth 0.5 cun. *Tongren Jing* states: For water diseases, moxibustion is highly effective; acupuncture is prohibited. Needling until water is exhausted causes death. Thus, it should not be needled. Fear that people only know *Mingtang Jing* allows needling, but not *Tongren Jing* prohibits it. Therefore, this text is written to show physicians. Regarding Shuifen, avoiding needling is still the best approach.

Shenque (1 point) Also known as Qi He. Located at the center of the umbilicus. Moxibustion: 100 cones. Acupuncture is prohibited. Contraindications are the same. *Suwen* commentary states: Prohibited to needle. Needling causes evil in the umbilicus; if intestines rupture and feces exit, it is fatal and untreatable. Moxibustion: 3 cones. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats persistent diarrhea, continuous infantile milk diarrhea, abdominal distension with periumbilical pain, edema and drum-distension, borborygmus sounding like flowing water, chronic cold and exhaustion. Moxibustion 100 cones is allowed. Acupuncture is strictly prohibited. Precautions follow standard methods. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: For infants, moxibustion 5 cones, maximum 7 cones. *Zisheng Jing* states: Umbilicus. *Qianjin* and other texts do not prohibit moxibustion, only acupuncture. *Tongren Jing* states: Suitable for moxibustion of 100 cones. Recent famous doctors effectively use urgent moxibustion on the umbilicus for stroke with unconsciousness. Xu Huixi suffered stroke and unconsciousness; a clerk from Taoyuan moxa his umbilicus with 100 cones, and he recovered consciousness. Months later, he passed away. Zheng Jiu stated: A relative suffered sudden stroke; the physician moxa 500 cones, and he recovered. He lived to over 80 years old. Had Xu been moxaed to 300 cones, who knows if he wouldn't have lived longer? (It is very correct to moxa Shenque extensively).

Yinjiao (1 point) Also known as Heng Hu. *Suwen* states: 1 cun below the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Disperse upon arrival of Deqi. Moxibustion up to 100 cones. *Mingtang Jing* states: Moxibustion is less effective than needling. Moxibustion 21 cones daily, maximum 100 cones. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* cites *Mingtang Jing*: Moxibustion 21 cones daily, maximum 700 cones. Treats heat below the umbilicus, dark urine, Qi pain feeling like knife twisting, mass formation resembling an inverted cup. Amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea and metrorrhagia, persistent lochia postpartum, periumbilical cold pain resembling wandering organ Qi, and lower abdominal pain. *Tongren Jing* states: Where the Qi of the Ren Mai emerges. Treats cold hernia pulling into lower abdominal pain, knee and leg stiffness, abdominal fullness, continuous menstruation in women. Needle depth 0.8 cun, disperse upon Deqi. After dispersing, tonify. Moxibustion is acceptable but less effective than needling.

Qihai (1 point) Also known as Bo Peng, also known as Xia Huang. Located in the depression 1.5 cun below the umbilicus. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Disperse upon arrival of Deqi. After dispersing, tonify. Moxibustion: 100 cones. Qihai is the sea of generating Qi for men. Treats deficiency and exhaustion of Zang Qi, insufficiency of Ben Qi, and all Qi disorders that persist; moxibustion is indicated. *Mingtang Jing* states: Moxibustion 7 cones. Treats cold diseases with black face, emaciation, weak limbs, accumulation of Qi and Ben Tun in the lower abdomen, abdominal hardness, impending death from Yang collapse, unconsciousness, and rebellious Qi of the Five Zang organs attacking upward. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Treats lower abdominal hernia Qi roaming through the five viscera, severe abdominal pain, fright preventing sleep. Treats cold Qi rushing to the heart, persistent postpartum lochia, periumbilical pain, Qi condensing into masses resembling inverted cups, dark and scanty urination. *Tongren Jing* states: Where the Qi of the Ren Mai emerges. Treats cold pain below the umbilicus, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea and metrorrhagia in women. Precautions follow standard methods. *Zisheng Jing* states: This classic regards Qihai as the sea of generating Qi. *Nanjing Shu* regards it as the sea of Yuan Qi. Thus, Qihai is where human Yuan Qi is generated. Liu Gongdu said: My method for nourishing generating Qi is simple: do not let Yuan Qi be stirred by joy or anger, keep Qihai warm. Since modern people cannot avoid emotional stirring of Yuan Qi, regularly moxa Qihai to keep it warm is a secondary method. Wang Shi said: I used to be sick often, suffering from shortness of breath. The physician advised moxaing Qihai, and my breathing normalized. Since then, I moxa it once or twice a year due to Qi timidity.

Shimen (1 point) Also known as Li Ji, also known as Jing Lu. Located 2 cun below the umbilicus. Moxibustion is effective. Moxibustion: 14 cones, maximum 100 cones. Women should not be needled. Needling causes lifelong infertility. *Jia Yi Jing* states: Also known as Jing Lu, Tiantan, Mingmen. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain 3 breaths. Disperse upon Deqi. Lower Classic states: Moxibustion 7 cones. *Qianjin Fang* states: Moxibustion causes sterility. Needle depth 0.5 cun. *Mingtang Jing* states: In the depression 2 cun below the umbilicus. Treats large and hard abdomen, Qi strangury with yellow urine, alternating chills and fever, rebellious Qi with cough, hematemesis, acute hernia with periumbilical pain, Ben Tun Qi rushing upward. Zhen Quan states: Treats persistent postpartum lochia in women. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Also known as Duan Tian. Do not moxa women. Treats abdominal distension and pain, hardness, persistent postpartum lochia leading to masses, metrorrhagia and metrorrhea, intermittent moxibustion is effective. Difficulty defecating and fecal impaction, Qi stagnation with heart fullness, lower abdominal hardness and pain pulling to the yin preventing urination, lower abdominal tension, abdominal fullness, acute pain with sweating, water distension and Qi moving under the skin, dull lower abdomen, yellow urine, Qi fullness with anorexia, undigested food, vomiting and rebellious Qi, hernia Qi roaming five viscera, hernia circling umbilicus and rushing to chest causing breathing difficulty, hernia accumulation and testicular pain. *Tongren Jing* states: Mu-Point of the Sanjiao, where Qi of the Ren Mai emerges. Treats abdominal hardness and limb fullness. *Zisheng Jing* states: 2 cun below the umbilicus is Shimen. *Mingtang Jing* cites *Jia Yi Jing*: Also known as Tiantan. *Qianjin* and *Suwen* commentary also call it Tiantan, located 2 cun below the knee. Physicians mistakenly equated Shimen with Tiantan, thinking Tiantan was 3 cun below the umbilicus. *Nanjing Shu* discusses this in detail and provides evidence; *Nanjing Shu* should be considered correct. *Tongren Jing* states: Needling causes sterility. *Qianjin* states: Moxibustion causes sterility. In summary, women should not undergo acupuncture or moxibustion on this point (Regarding Tiantan, 2 cun below the umbilicus is correct).

Guanyuan (1 point) Also known as Ci Men. Located 3 cun below the umbilicus. Mu-Point of the Small Intestine. Intersection of Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, and Ren Mai. "Xiaji" refers to Guanyuan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain 3 breaths. Disperse coordinated with 5 inhalations. Moxibustion: 100 cones, maximum 300 cones. *Mingtang Jing* states: If pregnant, needling is contraindicated. Needling may cause miscarriage, and the fetus may not be expelled; needling Waikun acupoint will expel it immediately. Moxibustion is effective but less so than needling. Moxibustion 30 cones. Lower Classic states: 5 cones. Qibo states: All locations of accumulated cold are suitable for moxibustion. *Mingtang Jing* states: In the depression 3 cun below the umbilicus. Treats Ben Tun, cold Qi entering Small Intestine, occasional nausea, hematuria, yellow urine, persistent abdominal leakage, acute hernia and lower abdominal pain, bladder torsion preventing urination. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Treats lower abdominal pain, dark and scanty urine, involuntary dribbling, painful urination resembling hernia, bloody urine, blood clot below umbilicus resembling inverted cup, leukorrhea, persistent postpartum lochia, amenorrhea, cold delivery canal, hypochondriac distension, lower abdominal heat and unilateral pain, cold Qi entering abdomen, stone strangury, thirty-six diseases below the umbilicus, inability to urinate, hematuria in intestines, bladder torsion and Qi strangury. Also treats frequent urination and persistent dysentery, lower abdominal fullness, stone strangury, Ben Tun Qi entering lower abdomen causing acute hernia pain, fever and headache, alternating progression and retreat. *Tongren Jing* states: Also treats leukorrhea and masses in women, amenorrhea, cold leukorrhea. Precautions follow standard methods. *Zisheng Jing* states: Guanyuan is Tiantan. Most classics do not state this; only *Nanjing Shu* states: Tiantan is 3 cun below the umbilicus, 4 cun square, attached to the spine, central red area between the two kidneys. Left green, right white, top yellow, bottom black. Three cuns correspond to three lights, four cuns to four seasons, five colors to five elements. Following this theory, doses range from hundreds to thousands of cones. Unknown how many survive completely. However, frequent moxibustion is advisable. Hence the saying: "To maintain peace, never let Dantian and Zusanli go dry."

Zhongji (1 point) Also known as Yu Quan, also known as Qi Yuan. Located 1 cun below Guanyuan. Needle depth: 0.8 cun. Retain 10 breaths. Disperse upon arrival of Deqi. Moxibustion: 100 to 300 cones. *Mingtang Jing* states: Treats amenorrhea in women. Needle four times (*Tongren Jing* says once). Needling leads to conception, hence it is called "Ren" (bearing) point. Moxibustion is less effective than needling. Moxibustion 21 cones daily. Lower Classic states: 5 cones. Also states: In the depression 4 cun below the umbilicus. Moxibustion 5 cones. Treats coma (Shi Jue), accumulation of cold Qi rushing to the heart, anorexia despite hunger, lower abdominal masses hard as stone, difficulty urinating, seminal emission causing infertility, facial issues. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Treats strangury, dark urine, urethral pain, mass below umbilicus resembling inverted cup. Postpartum persistent lochia leading to hernia and masses, or irregular menstruation causing blood clumps, spasmodic abdominal hernia, amenorrhea, rapid cessation of lactation and fertility, vulvar itching, cervical malposition. Cold Small Intestine, Ben Tun snatching the heart, anorexia, abdominal distension and amenorrhea, obstruction, difficulty urinating, seminal emission. Also treats恍惚 (trance) and Shi Jue,烦痛 (vexing pain). *Tongren Jing* states: Mu-Point of the Bladder, intersection of the Three Yin and Ren Mai. Treats five types of strangury, deficiency and exhaustion of Yang Qi, hernia and masses, edema, Ben Tun snatching the heart, severe cases causing breathing difficulty.

Qugu (1 point) Located in the depression at the pubic symphysis hairline. Moxibustion: 7 cones, up to 49 cones. Needle depth: 2 cun. *Mingtang Xiajing* states: In the depression at the hairline, 1 cun below Zhongji on Henggu. *Qianjin Fang* states: 5 cun below the umbilicus. *Mingtang Jing* states: Treats five types of strangury with yellow urine, water disease with distension, leukorrhea (red and white), aversion to intercourse, urinary retention. All cases of deficiency, fatigue, and extreme cold are suitable for moxibustion. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Also known as Qu Gu. Treats urinary distension, blood strangury, difficult urination, manic hernia, lower abdominal pain, leukorrhea in women. *Tongren Jing* states: Artery palpable. Intersection of Ren Mai and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Treats lower abdominal fullness and urinary retention. Moxibustion is the same. Needle 1-2 cun.

Huiyin (1 point) Also known as Ping Yi. Located between the two yins (genitals and anus). Branch collateral of Ren Mai, intersection with Du Mai and Bo Mai. Moxibustion: 3 cones. *Xifangzi Mingtang Jing* states: Between the anterior orifice (anus) and posterior orifice (urethra/genitals). Treats coldness of the glans penis. Hemorrhoids communicating with the yin are fatal. Diseases of the yin region, mutual pulling pain between front and back, inability to pass urine or stool. Female menstrual obstruction, male glans coldness rushing to the heart. *Tongren Jing* states: Treats difficult urination, heat in the orifice, skin pain, anal itching.