足阳明之脉。起于鼻。交 中(两目之间鼻吻深处谓之 中)。旁约太阳之脉(足太阳起
于目
。而阳明旁行约之)。下循鼻外(迎香穴分也)。上入齿中。还出挟口。环唇。下交承浆(承
浆穴名也。在颐前唇下。宛宛中)。却循颐后下廉。出大迎(大迎之穴。在曲颔前同身寸之一
寸二分陷者中)。循颊车(颊车谓颊之牙车也。言足阳明脉。循出颊车而行。故颊车穴在耳下
曲
颊之端陷中)。上耳前。过客主人(客主人。在耳前起骨开口有空处)。循发际至额颅。其支
者。从大迎前下人迎(人迎。在结喉两旁大脉动应手是也)。循喉咙入缺盆。下膈属胃(足阳
明胃之经。故其脉属于胃也)。络脾(脾者。胃之维。故胃脉络于脾也)。其直者。从缺盆下
乳内廉。下挟脐。入气冲中(气冲。穴名也。在腹下。挟脐两旁相去同身寸之四寸。鼠鼷上
或云在毛际两旁鼠鼷上。乃三焦之道路。故云气冲。或曰。在股归来下。同身寸之一寸)
其支者。起胃下口(胃下口。即小肠上口也。此处名幽门)。循腹里。下至气冲中而合。以
下髀关。抵伏兔(伏兔穴。在膝上同身寸之六寸)。下入膝膑中(膑。谓膝之盖骨也)。下循
外廉( 外廉。三里之分也)。下足跗(跗。谓足上也。冲阳穴在焉)。入中指内间。其支者。
下膝三寸而别。以下入中指外间。其支者。别跗上。入大指间。出其端(大指间次指之端也
厉兑所居焉。素问云。阳明根起于厉兑足阳明。自此交入足太阴)。是动则病(足阳明常多
气多血。今气先病。是谓是动也)。凄凄然(凄凄然。不乐之貌)。振寒(寒气客于经。则阴气
盛。阳气虚。故为振寒)。善伸(伸。谓伸弩筋骨也)。数欠。颜黑(颜。额也)。病至则恶人(
足阳明厥则喘。而惋惋则恶人也)。与火(足阳明气血常盛。邪客之则热。热盛则恶火)。闻
木音。则惕然而惊(胃土也。木能克土。故闻木音则惕然而惊)。心欲动(谓心不安也)。独闭
户塞牖而处(处居阴阳相搏。阳尽阴盛。故欲独闭户塞牖而居。以其恶喧尔)。甚则欲上高而
歌(甚。谓盛也。阳盛则四肢实。则能登高也。歌者。以阳主喜。故其声为歌耳)。弃衣而走
(热盛于身。故弃衣也。以阳主动。故走也)。贲响腹胀。是谓 厥。是主血( 者。胫别名
也)。所生病者(血受病于气。是气之所生病也。足阳明血气常多。乃人之常数也。亦有异于
常者。灵枢经曰。足阳明之上血气盛。则鼷短。气少血多。则髯少。血气皆少。则无髯。两
吻多尽。足阳明之下血气盛。则下毛美。长至胸。血多气少。则下毛美短至脐。行则善高举
足。足指少肉。足善瘃。血气皆少。则无毛。有则高抽卒善痿。厥足痹。又云。美髯者。阳
明多血。由此。则足阳明血气多少。可得而知也)。狂疟(足阳明病发。则多狂妄)。温淫汗
出(其体温壮。浸淫可止。汗出乃已。然已而复起)。鼽衄。口 唇胗(胗。谓唇疡也)。颈肿
喉痹。大腹水肿(胃为水谷之海。气虚弱。则不能传出水谷。令水肿侍。因而留滞肠胃之
间。其肿大。故曰大腹水肿)。膝膑肿痛。循膺乳(胸傍曰膺。膺下曰乳)。气街。股伏兔(街
谓气冲。股谓膝上也)。 外廉。足跗上皆痛。中指不用。气盛。则身以前皆热(气盛身热
说。在下文)。其有余于胃。则消谷善饥(胃为水谷之海。其气有余。则能消。在水谷。故病
善饥)。溺色黄。气不足。则身以前皆寒栗(腹为阴。背为阳。足阳明行身之阴。其气盛。故
身以前皆热。气不足。故身以前皆寒栗。善行身之阳者。足太阳之谓也)。胃中寒。则胀满(
寒者。阴气也。阴主下。若阴气盛。则复上行。故病胀满)。盛者。人迎大三倍于寸口也。
虚者乃人迎而反小于寸口也。
足阳明之别。名曰丰隆。去踝八寸。别走太阴。其别者。循胫骨外廉。上络头项。合诸
经
之气。下络喉嗌。其病气逆。则喉痹卒喑。实则狂癫。虚则足不收。胫枯。取之所别也。
足阳明之筋。起于中三指。结于跗上。斜外上。加于辅骨。上结于膝外廉。直结于髀枢
上
循胁。属脊。其直者。上循 。结于膝。其支者。结于辅骨。合少阳。其直者。若上循伏兔
上结于髀。聚于阴器。上腹而布至缺盆。而上结颈。上挟口。合于鸠下结于鼻。上合于太
阳。太阳为目上纲。阳明为目下纲。其支者。从颊结于耳前。其病。足中趾胫转筋脚跳。坚
伏兔转筋。髀前肿。 疝。腹筋急。引缺盆及颊。卒口僻。急者。目不合。热则筋纵目不开
颊筋有寒。则急引颊移口。有热。则筋纵缓不收故僻。治之以马膏。膏其急者。以白酒和
桂以涂之。其缓者。以桑钩钩之。即以生桑炭置之坎中。高下与坐等。以膏熨其颊。且饮美
酒。啖美炙肉。不饮酒者。自强也。为之三时而已。治在燔针劫刺。以知为数。以痛为输。
名曰季春痹也。
邪客于足阳明之络。令人鼽衄。上齿寒。刺足中趾次趾。爪甲上与肉交者各一 。左刺
右。右刺左。
缪传引上齿。齿唇寒痛。视其手背脉血者去之。足阳明中指爪甲上一 。手大指次指爪
甲上各一 。立已。左取右。右取左。
胃之大络。名曰虚里。贯膈络肺。出于左乳下。其动应衣。脉宗气也。
足阳明胃之经。从头走足。长八尺。左右共一丈六尺。凡九十穴。
头维二穴。下关二穴。颊车二穴。承泣二穴。四白二穴。巨 二穴。地仓二穴。大迎二
穴。
人迎二穴。水突二穴。气舍二穴。缺盆二穴。气户二穴。库房二穴。屋翳二穴。膺窗二穴。
乳中二穴。乳根二穴。不容二穴。承满二穴。梁门二穴。关门二穴。太一二穴。滑肉门二穴
天枢二穴。外陵二穴。大巨二穴。水道二穴。归来二穴。气冲二穴。髀关二穴。伏兔二穴
阴市二穴。梁丘二穴。犊鼻二穴。三里二穴。上巨虚二穴。条口二穴。下巨虚二穴。丰隆
二穴。解溪二穴。冲阳二穴。陷骨二穴。内庭二穴。厉兑二穴。
The meridian of Foot-Yangming Stomach starts at the side of the nose, crosses at Shangen (the deep area between the eyes on the nasal bridge), and laterally constrains the meridians of Foot-Taiyang Bladder (Foot-Taiyang Bladder originates from the inner canthus, and Foot-Yangming Stomach meets it laterally). It descends along the lateral aspect of the nose (passing the boundary of Yingxiang LI-20), enters the upper teeth, emerges to flank the lips, circles the lips, and intersects with Ren Mai at Chengjiang CV-24 (Chengjiang means "receiving water," located in the depression anterior to the chin and inferior to the lower lip). It then retraces along the posterior margin of the mandible to descend to Daying ST-5 (Daying is located in the depression 1.2 cun anterior to the angle of the mandible, using the bone-length measurement method). It follows along Jiache ST-6 (Jiache refers to the masseter muscle/bone of the cheek; since the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian runs through this point, the acupoint is located in the depression at the end of the curve below the ear). It ascends anterior to the ear, passes through Kerenren GB-2 (Kerenren is located in the hollow space anterior to the ear when the mouth is opened), follows the hairline to the frontal skull. Its branch descends from anterior to Daying ST-5 to Renying ST-9 (Renying is located where the large artery throbs beside the larynx). It follows the throat into Quepen LU-1, descends through the diaphragm, and belongs to the Stomach (as the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian, its pulse belongs to the Stomach) and connects with the Spleen (the Spleen is the support of the Stomach, so the Stomach meridian connects to the Spleen). The main straight trunk descends from Quepen LU-1 along the medial aspect of the breast, descends flanking the umbilicus, and enters Qichong ST-30 (Qichong is an acupoint name, located in the lower abdomen, 4 cun lateral to the umbilicus, above the inguinal region; some say it is in the groin above the inguinal region, being the pathway of the Sanjiao, hence named Qichong; or said to be 1 cun inferior to Guilai ST-29, using bone-length measurement). Another branch originates from the lower orifice of the Stomach (the lower orifice of the Stomach is the upper orifice of the Small Intestine, here named Youmen CV-12), runs within the abdominal cavity, descends to merge with the main trunk at Qichong ST-30. From there, it descends through Biguan ST-31, reaches Futu ST-32 (Futu is located 6 cun superior to the lateral border of the patella, using bone-length measurement), enters the knee cap (Bin refers to the patella), descends along the lateral anterior margin of the leg (the lateral anterior margin of the leg is the area of Zusanli ST-36), descends to the dorsum of the foot (Fu refers to the dorsum of the foot, where Chongyang ST-42 is located), and enters the medial space of the middle toe. Another branch separates 3 cun below the knee and descends to enter the lateral space of the middle toe. Yet another branch separates from the dorsum of the foot, enters the space between the great toe, and emerges at its tip (the tip between the great and second toes, where Lidui ST-45 resides; *Suwen* states: "Yangming roots at Lidui"; Foot-Yangming Stomach thus transitions into Foot-Taiyin Spleen).
When the meridian undergoes pathological changes ("Shidong" diseases, as Foot-Yangming Stomach is rich in Qi and Blood, and if Qi is affected first, it is called Shidong), symptoms include: feeling desolate and unhappy (Qiqiran, a look of displeasure), shivering chills (Cold pathogen invading the meridian causes Yin excess and Yang deficiency, leading to chills), frequent stretching (extending sinews and bones), frequent yawning, and darkening of the forehead (Yan refers to the forehead). Upon onset, the patient may fear people (Stomach Qi rebellion causes panting and vexation, leading to aversion to people), dislike fire (Stomach Qi and Blood are usually abundant; pathogen invasion generates heat, and excessive heat causes aversion to fire), startle upon hearing wooden sounds (Stomach belongs to Earth, Wood overcomes Earth, so hearing wood sounds causes alarm), palpitations (heart unrest), and preferring to stay alone behind closed doors and windows (due to Yin-Yang conflict where Yang exhausts and Yin abounds, avoiding noise). In severe cases, the patient may desire to climb high and sing (excess Yang makes limbs strong enough for climbing; singing reflects Joy associated with Yang). They may discard clothes and run (body heat causes discarding clothes; Yang's nature of movement causes running). Abdominal rumbling and distension constitute "Benhan." This meridian primarily governs Blood (the leg is also called Jing). Diseases generated by Blood include: manic malaria (Foot-Yangming disease often manifests as mania), warm-type malaria with sweating (high fever, lingering sweat that subsides but recurs), rhinorrhea or epistaxis, cheilitis (Zhen refers to lip ulcers), neck swelling, pharyngolaryngeal obstruction, massive abdominal edema (Stomach is the sea of water and grain; Qi deficiency fails to transport fluids, causing stagnation and swelling in the intestines and stomach), knee and patellar swelling and pain, pain along the chest, breast, Qichong, thigh, Futu, lateral leg margin, and dorsum of the foot, and dysfunction of the middle toe.
Excess Qi causes heat throughout the anterior body. If Stomach Qi is in excess, digestion accelerates leading to frequent hunger (Stomach is the sea of water and grain; excess Qi enhances digestion), and urine is yellow. If Stomach Qi is deficient, the anterior body feels cold and shivers (Abdomen is Yin, back is Yang; Foot-Yangming travels the anterior Yin surface; excess Qi causes heat, deficiency causes cold/chills; Foot-Taiyang Bladder travels the posterior Yang surface). Cold in the Stomach causes distension (Cold is Yin; if Yin Qi is excessive, it rebels upward, causing distension). Excess patterns show the Renying pulse three times larger than the Cunkou pulse. Deficiency patterns show the Renying pulse smaller than the Cunkou pulse.
The Luo-connecting vessel of Foot-Yangming Stomach is named Fenglong BL-40, located 8 cun from the ankle, diverging to connect with Foot-Taiyin Spleen. Its branch runs along the lateral tibia, ascends to connect the head and neck, gathers Qi from various meridians, and descends to connect the throat. Pathologies include Qi rebellion causing sudden aphonia due to pharyngolaryngeal obstruction; excess leads to mania and epilepsy; deficiency leads to foot inability to flex and dry tibiae. Treatment involves the divergent point.
The sinews of Foot-Yangming Stomach originate from the middle toe, knot at the dorsum of the foot, slant outward and upward to the fibula, ascend to knot at the lateral knee, straight up to the hip joint (Bitshu), follow the hypochondrium, and attach to the spine. Straight branches ascend along the nasal bridge, knotting at the knee. Branches knot at the fibula, merging with Shaoyang. Straight branches ascend along Futu, knot at the thigh, gather at the genitalia, ascend the abdomen to Quepen LU-1, continue to the neck, flank the mouth, merge below Jiutui CV-15, knot at the nose, and merge with Foot-Taiyang Bladder. Foot-Taiyang Bladder is the upper eyelid tendon; Foot-Yangming Stomach is the lower eyelid tendon. A branch knots from the cheek to the anterior ear. Pathologies include spasms and jumping pain in the middle toe and calf, spasms in Futu, anterior thigh swelling, hernia, abdominal tendon tension pulling to the neck and cheek, sudden facial paralysis (mouth deviation). Tension prevents eye closure; heat causes tendon relaxation preventing eye opening. Cold in cheek tendons causes tension and deviation; heat causes relaxation and deviation. Treatment uses horse fat plaster applied to the tense side, and white wine mixed with Cinnamon Twig applied to the relaxed side. Use a mulberry wood hook, place live mulberry charcoal in a pit level with the seated patient, and hot compress the cheek with plaster. Drink fine wine and eat roasted meat (even if unable to drink, force oneself) for three hours. Acupuncture uses burning needle rapid puncture, stopping when effective, using Ashi points. This condition is called Jichun Bi.
Pathogens invading the collateral of Foot-Yangming Stomach cause rhinorrhea/epistaxis and cold upper teeth. Puncture one depth at the junction of nail and flesh on the middle and second toes, left for right pathology, right for left.
Miu-chuan transmission causing upper tooth pain and cold painful lips/chin. Observe blood stasis in dorsal hand veins and bleed. Puncture one depth at the nail corner of the middle toe (Foot-Yangming), and one depth each at the nail corners of the thumb and index finger (Hand-Yangming). Immediate relief. Left treat right, right treat left.
The great Luo-vessel of the Stomach is named Xuli, piercing the diaphragm, connecting to the Lung, emerging below the left nipple. Its pulsation moves the clothing, representing Zongqi (Gathering Qi).
The Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian runs from head to foot, 8 chi long, 1 chi 6 chi total for both sides. It contains 90 acupoints.
Towei ST-8 (2), Xiaguan ST-7 (2), Jiache ST-6 (2), Chengqi ST-1 (2), Sibai ST-2 (2), Juliao ST-3 (2), Dicang ST-4 (2), Daying ST-5 (2), Renying ST-9 (2), Shuitu ST-10 (2), Qishe ST-11 (2), Quepen LU-1 (2), Qihu ST-12 (2), Kukufang ST-13 (2), Wuyi ST-14 (2), Yingchuang ST-16 (2), Ruzhong RN-17 (2), Rugen ST-18 (2), Burong ST-19 (2), Chengman ST-20 (2), Liangmen ST-21 (2), Guanmen ST-22 (2), Taiyi SP-15 (2), Huaroumen ST-24 (2), Tianshu ST-25 (2), Wailing ST-26 (2), Daju ST-27 (2), Shuidao ST-28 (2), Guilai ST-29 (2), Qichong ST-30 (2), Biguan ST-31 (2), Futu ST-32 (2), Yinshi ST-33 (2), Liangqiu ST-34 (2), Dubi ST-35 (2), Zusanli ST-36 (2), Shangjuxu ST-37 (2), Taikou ST-38 (2), Xiajuxu ST-39 (2), Fenglong ST-40 (2), JieXi ST-41 (2), Chongyang ST-42 (2), Xangu ST-43 (2), Neiting ST-44 (2), Lidui ST-45 (2).