脉有阴阳之法。何谓也？曰∶呼出心与肺。吸入肾与肝。呼吸之间。脾受味也其脉在中。
浮
肺
其
脉有阳盛阴虚。阴盛阳虚。何谓也。曰。沉之损小。浮之实大。故曰阳盛阴虚。浮之损
小。
阳脉见寸口浮而实大。令轻手按之。更减损小。故曰阳虚。重手按之。反更实大。故曰
阳实
脉有一阴一阳。一阴二阳。一阴三阳。有一阳一阴。一阳二阴。一阳三阴。凡此六脉者。
谓
沉
一
而
浮大数动滑阳也。沉涩弱弦微阴也。
长者为阳。短者为阴。阳脉见阴脉者逆。阴脉见阳脉者顺。关前为阳。关后为阴。阳数
即吐
左手寸口者、心与小肠脉之所出也。
心属南方丙丁火。夏旺七十二日。其脉来洪大而长。炎升高泛。形若在肤之中。象南方
火位
位。
轻
微
盛
心脉来微洪。或洪大而长者。或累累如连珠之状。如手循琅 者。皆平脉也。脉来喘连而手
偃曲者。胃气少曰病。脉来前曲后直者。如操带之钩。谓气绝曰死。又曰。真心脉至坚抟。
如循薏苡累累然。其面色赤黑不泽。毛折者亦死。心脉息数匀和。而微洪长大者。脏腑皆无
疾。得本候也。
左手关上者、肝与胆脉之所出也。
肝属东方甲乙木。春旺七十二日。脉来弦长。以象木形端直也。经曰。春应中规。又曰。
春
上
旺
伏
之
曰
左手尺中者、肾与膀胱脉之所出也。
肾属北方壬癸水。冬旺七十二日。其脉来沉濡而滑也。沉者阴也。滑者象北方水位也。
经曰
十月
月。
地雷
其气
之候
右手寸口者、肺与大肠脉之所出也。
肺属西方庚辛金。秋旺七十二日。秋脉毛。而万物萧索。草木凋落。其脉如风吹羽。以
应西
气升
草
落
脉
右手关上者、脾与胃脉之所出也。
脾属中央戊己土。以四时寄旺十八日。合七十二日。应一岁三百六十之数。脾者土也。
孤脏
故
善
如
真
右手尺中者、命门与三焦脉之所出也。
右肾者。肾有两枚。左为肾右为命门也。故男子以藏精。女子以藏月水。然命门虽属水。
乃
流入肾。肺主气。亦潮肾。顺则收血化为精。运入命门。养于骨髓。运真阳之气。上潮脑户
。故命门者接元阳正气。上通三焦。与子午君火交泰之兆。合心包络通阴阳变化之道路。应
五脏六腑之根源。非肾脉之司也。盖命门中含真阳之气。常得阴中养阳之候。然与肾旺七十
二日。故脉来大体不殊也。冬沉濡而滑。春弦滑。夏洪滑。秋微滑。此谓和平之候。亦应四
时五行变化。盖命门之根本也。变化精气。长养百骸。溉灌腑脏。无所不至。而三焦之疾。
皆可见焉。
There is a method for distinguishing Yin and Yang in pulse diagnosis. What is this method? It is said: Exhalation relates to the Heart and Lungs; inhalation relates to the Kidneys and Liver. Between breaths, the Spleen receives the flavors of food and drink, and its pulse is located in the middle.
The Floating Pulse (Fu Mai) corresponds to the Lung.
Pulses can manifest as Excess Yang with Deficient Yin, or Excess Yin with Deficient Yang. What does this mean? It is said: When pressed deeply (Chen), the pulse appears weak and small; when pressed superficially (Fu), it appears solid and large. Thus, it is called Excess Yang with Deficient Yin. If the pulse is weak and small upon superficial pressing, but is described as an Yang pulse appearing at the Cun Kou (Radial Artery), which is floating, solid, and large, yet becomes even weaker and smaller with light pressure, it is called Yang Deficiency. Conversely, if it becomes even more solid and large with heavy pressure, it is called Yang Excess.
There are pulses characterized by one Yin and one Yang, one Yin and two Yangs, one Yin and three Yangs; and one Yang and one Yin, one Yang and two Yins, one Yang and three Yins. Regarding these six types of pulses: Floating, Large, Rapid, Agitated, and Slippery pulses belong to Yang; Sunken, Choppy, Weak, Wiry, and Fine pulses belong to Yin.
Long pulse forms belong to Yang; short pulse forms belong to Yin. The appearance of Yin characteristics within a Yang pulse indicates a contrary (Ni) condition; the appearance of Yang characteristics within a Yin pulse indicates a smooth (Shun) condition. The area anterior to the Guan (Bar) position belongs to Yang; the area posterior to the Guan position belongs to Yin. If a Yang pulse presents with a Rapid number, vomiting may occur.
The Cun Kou position on the left hand is where the Qi of the Heart and Small Intestine emerges.
The Heart belongs to the South, associated with Bing-Ding Fire. It prospers during the summer for seventy-two days. Its pulse comes forth large, surging, and long, resembling fire rising and spreading. Its form seems to lie within the skin, symbolizing the Fire position of the South.
A normal Heart pulse comes forth slightly surging, or large and long, or continuous like a string of pearls, or smooth like touching polished jade (Lang Yu). These are all Ping Mai (Normal Pulses). If the pulse comes forth rapid and the hand curls, indicating little Stomach Qi, it is a pathological state. If the pulse feels curved at the front and straight at the back, like handling a hooked belt, it indicates the exhaustion of Qi and signifies death. Furthermore, if the True Heart pulse arrives hard and knotted, like feeling a cluster of Coix seeds, accompanied by a dark red or black complexion lacking luster and brittle hair, it also signifies death. If the Heart pulse is regular in rhythm and slightly surging, large, and long, the Zang-Fu organs are free from disease, reflecting the proper pulse pattern of the organ.
The Guan position on the left hand is where the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder emerges.
The Liver belongs to the East, associated with Jia-Yi Wood. It prospers during the spring for seventy-two days. The pulse comes forth wiry and long, symbolizing the upright and straight nature of wood. The Classics state that the Spring pulse should conform to the circle (Gui).
The Chi position on the left hand is where the Qi of the Kidney and Bladder emerges.
The Kidney belongs to the North, associated with Ren-Gui Water. It prospers during the winter for seventy-two days. Its pulse comes forth sunken, soft, and slippery. Sunken indicates Yin; slippery symbolizes the Water position of the North. The Classics state... [Text fragmentary regarding October/Winter qi].
The Cun Kou position on the right hand is where the Qi of the Lung and Large Intestine emerges.
The Lung belongs to the West, associated with Geng-Xin Metal. It prospers during the autumn for seventy-two days. The Autumn pulse is fine like hair, corresponding to the desolation of all things and the falling of grass and trees. The pulse floats lightly like feathers blown by the wind, corresponding to the West... [Text fragmentary].
The Guan position on the right hand is where the Qi of the Spleen and Stomach emerges.
The Spleen belongs to the Center, associated with Wu-Ji Earth. It prospers for eighteen days in each of the four seasons, totaling seventy-two days, corresponding to the 360 days of a year. The Spleen is Earth, the solitary Zang organ... [Text fragmentary regarding its nourishing function].
The Chi position on the right hand is where the Qi of the Ming Men (Gate of Life) and San Jiao (Triple Burner) emerges.
Regarding the Right Kidney: There are two kidneys; the left is the Kidney, and the right is the Ming Men. Thus, in men, it stores Essence (Jing); in women, it stores menstrual blood. Although Ming Men belongs to Water, its Qi flows into the Kidney. The Lung governs Qi and also moistens the Kidney. In harmony, blood is transformed into Essence, transported into the Ming Men to nourish the bone marrow. The True Yang Qi is circulated upward to the Brain House (Nao Hu). Therefore, the Ming Men receives the Original Yang Zheng Qi, connects upward to the San Jiao, and interacts with the Ministerial Fire of Zi-Wu, representing the signs of Yin-Yang transformation. It serves as the pathway through which the Pericardium communicates Yin-Yang changes and acts as the root of the five Zang and six Fu organs, not solely governed by the Kidney pulse. Essentially, the Ming Men contains True Yang Qi and often exhibits the state of nourishing Yang within Yin. However, since it prospers for seventy-two days like the Kidney, its pulse generally does not differ significantly. In winter, it is sunken, soft, and slippery; in spring, wiry and slippery; in summer, surging and slippery; in autumn, slightly slippery. This is considered a harmonious pulse state, aligning with the changes of the four seasons and five elements. It is the root of the Ming Men, transforming Essence and Qi, nourishing the body, irrigating the viscera, and without omission. Diseases of the San Jiao can all be observed here.