凡孕妇临月,忽然腹痛,或作或止,或一二日,或三五日,胎水少来,但腹痛不密者,
名曰弄胎,非当产也。又有一月前,或半月前,忽然腹痛如欲产而不产者,名曰试月,亦非
产也。凡此腹痛,无论胎水来与不来,俱不妨事,但当宽心候时可也。若果欲生,则痛极连
腰,乃将产也。盖肾系于腰,胞系于肾故耳。又试捏产母手中指本节,跳动即当产也。此时
儿逼产门,谷道挺迸,水血俱下,方可坐草试汤,瓜熟蒂悬,此乃正产之候也。
一、产妇腹痛未甚,且须宽心行动,以便儿身舒转。如腰腹痛甚,有产之兆,即当正身
仰卧,或起坐舒伸,务宜安静从容,待儿转身向下,其产必顺而且易。最不宜预为惊扰入手
,以致产妇气怯,胞破浆干,使儿转身不易,则必有难产之患。
一、产妇初觉欲生,便须惜力调养,不可用力妄施,恐致临产乏力。若儿方转身而用力
太早,则多致横逆,须待顺而临门,一逼自下。若时候未到,用力徒然。
一、临产房中,不宜多人喧嚷惊慌,宜闭户,静以待生。
一、将产时,宜食稠软白粥,勿令饥渴以乏气力,亦不宜食硬冷难化之物,恐产时乏力
,以致脾虚不能消化,则产后有伤食之病。
一、产妇产室,当使温凉得宜。若产在春夏,宜避阳邪,风是也;产在秋冬,宜避阴邪
,寒是也。故于盛暑之时,亦不可冲风取凉,以犯外邪;又不宜热甚,致令产母头疼面赤;
亦不宜人众,若热气熏蒸,亦致前患。其或有热极烦渴而血晕血溢者,亦可少与凉水,暂以
解之,然亦不可多用。若冬末春初,余寒尚盛,产室不可无火,务令下体和暖,衣被亦当温
浓,庶不为寒气所侵,可免胎寒血滞难产之患。且产后胎元既落,气血俱去,乘虚感邪,此
时极易,故不可不慎。
一、凡富贵之家过于安逸者,每多气血壅滞,常致胎元不能转动。此于未产之先,亦须
常为运动,庶使气血流畅,胎易转则产亦易矣。是所当预为留意者。
一、妊娠将产,不可詹卜问神,如巫觋之徒哄吓谋利,妄言凶险,祷神祗保,产妇闻之
,致生疑惧。夫忧虑则气结滞而不顺,多至难产,所宜戒也。
一、产时胞浆未下,但只稳守无妨。若胞浆破后,一二时辰不生,即当服催生等药,如
脱花煎、滑胎煎,或益母丸之类。盖浆乃养儿之生,浆干不产,必其胎元无力,愈迟则愈干
,力必愈乏,所以速宜催之。
一、产妇与酒,不可多而致醉。凡产前醉,则乏力而四肢不用;产后酒多,恐引入血分
四肢,致后日有动血,及四肢无力,髓骨酸痛之患。
Whenever a pregnant woman approaches her due date and suddenly experiences abdominal pain that comes and goes, lasting for one or two days or three to five days, with little amniotic fluid coming out but only frequentless abdominal pain, this is called "Nong Tai" (Playing Fetus), which is not true labor. There is also a condition where, one month or half a month before delivery, sudden abdominal pain occurs as if giving birth but does not result in birth, called "Shi Yue" (Testing Month), which is also not true labor. For all such abdominal pains, regardless of whether amniotic fluid has come out or not, there is no serious matter; one should simply relax the mind and wait for the proper time. If it is truly time to give birth, the pain will be extreme and radiate to the waist, indicating imminent delivery. This is because the Kidney system connects to the waist, and the Bao Gong (Uterus) is tied to the Kidney. Additionally, one can pinch the first joint of the middle finger of the parturient woman; if there is a throbbing sensation, delivery is imminent. At this time, the fetus presses against the birth canal, the anus protrudes, and water and blood flow down together. Only then can she sit on the birthing mat and prepare for delivery, just as a ripe melon falls from its stem; this is the sign of normal delivery.
1. When the parturient woman's abdominal pain is not severe, she should relax her mind and move appropriately to facilitate the fetus turning. If lower back and abdominal pain are severe, indicating signs of labor, she should lie supine with her body straight, or sit up and stretch, maintaining calmness and composure, waiting for the fetus to turn downwards. In this way, delivery will surely be smooth and easy. It is most inadvisable to panic and intervene prematurely, causing the mother to become timid and Qi-deficient, leading to the rupture of the Bao Yi (Membrane) and drying of the amniotic fluid, making it difficult for the fetus to turn, which inevitably leads to dystocia.
2. When the parturient woman first feels the urge to give birth, she must conserve her strength and nourish herself, avoiding exertion, lest she become weak at the time of delivery. If she exerts force too early while the fetus is still turning, it often results in malpresentation (transverse lie). One must wait until the fetus is in the correct position and reaches the birth canal; once pressed, it will naturally descend. If the time is not right, exerting force is futile.
3. In the delivery room, there should be no noise or panic from many people. The doors and windows should be closed, and one should wait quietly for birth.
4. At the time of impending delivery, it is suitable to eat thick, soft white rice porridge. Do not let the mother go hungry or thirsty, which would deplete her Qi and strength. Also, avoid hard, cold, or indigestible foods, fearing that weakness during delivery may lead to Spleen deficiency and inability to digest, resulting in postpartum food stagnation.
5. The temperature of the parturient woman's room should be appropriate. If delivery occurs in spring and summer, one should avoid Yang pathogens, such as Wind; if in autumn and winter, one should avoid Yin pathogens, such as Cold. Therefore, even in intense heat, one should not expose oneself to wind to cool down, thereby inviting external pathogens. Nor should it be too hot, causing headache and facial redness in the mother. Nor should there be too many people, as steaming heat may cause the aforementioned ailments. If there is extreme heat, irritability, thirst, or symptoms like fainting due to blood loss or bleeding, a small amount of cool water may be given temporarily to relieve it, but it should not be used excessively. If it is late winter or early spring, with residual cold still prevalent, the delivery room must have heating. The lower body must be kept warm, and clothing and bedding should be thick and warm, so as not to be invaded by cold air, avoiding the risk of fetal coldness and blood stasis leading to dystocia. Moreover, after the expulsion of the fetal origin, both Qi and Blood are depleted. Susceptibility to pathogens when deficient is high at this time, so caution is essential.
6. Pregnant women from wealthy families who are overly sedentary often suffer from Qi and Blood stagnation, frequently preventing the fetus from turning. Before delivery, they should exercise regularly to ensure smooth Qi and Blood flow. If the fetus turns easily, delivery will also be easy. This is something that should be attended to in advance.
7. During late pregnancy approaching delivery, divination or consulting spirits should be avoided. Charlatans such as shamans may deceive and frighten for profit, falsely predicting danger and praying to gods for protection. Hearing this, the parturient woman may develop doubt and fear. Worry causes Qi stagnation and obstruction, often leading to dystocia. This should be strictly avoided.
8. If the amniotic sac has not ruptured during labor, steady observation is sufficient. If the sac ruptures and delivery does not occur within one or two hours (two Shichen), drugs to induce labor should be taken, such as Tuohua Decoction (Decoction for Detaching Flowers), Huatai Decoction (Slippery Fetus Decoction), or Yimu Wan (Motherwort Pills). Amniotic fluid nourishes the life of the fetus. If the fluid dries up without delivery, it indicates the fetus lacks vitality. The longer the delay, the drier the fluid, and the weaker the strength, so induction should be hastened.
9. Alcohol should not be given to the parturient woman in large amounts to the point of intoxication. Intoxication before delivery causes weakness and immobility of the four limbs. Excessive alcohol consumption after delivery may introduce pathogenic factors into the Blood level and limbs, potentially causing later issues such as abnormal bleeding, limb weakness, and soreness/aching of the marrow and bones.