斑水蛭及虻虫,乌头附子配天雄,野葛水银并巴豆,牛膝薏苡与蜈蚣,棱莪代
赭芫花麝,大戟蛇蜕黄雌雄,牙硝芒硝牡丹桂,槐花牵牛皂角同,半夏南星与通草,瞿麦干
姜桃仁通, 砂干漆蟹甲爪,地胆茅根莫用好。(出《便产须知》)
妊娠之妇,大宜寡欲,其在妇人多所不知,其在男子而亦多有不知者,近乎愚矣。凡胎
元之强弱,产育之难易,及产后崩淋经脉之病,无不悉由乎此。其为故也,盖以胎神巩固之
日,极宜保护宫城,使不知慎而多动欲火,盗泄阴精,则藩篱由不固而伤,血气由不聚而乱
,子女由元亏而夭,而阴分之病亦无不由此而百出矣。此妇人之最宜慎者,知者不可不察。
妊娠滑胎之法,惟欲其坐草之期易而且速,而难易之由,则在血之盈虚,不在药之滑利
。盖血多则润而产必易,血亏则涩而产必难,故于未产之前,但宜以培养气血为主,而预为
之地,如四物汤、滑胎煎、五福饮、小营煎、八珍汤之类,即皆滑胎之要药。若不知此而过
用滑利等物,或产期未近,无火无滞而妄用清火行气,沉降苦寒等药,必皆暗残营气,走泄
真阴,多致血亏气陷,反为临期大害。若果肥盛气实者,则紫苏饮、保生无忧散、滑胎枳壳
散之类,皆可择用。
凡妊娠胎元完足,弥月而产,熟落有期,非可催也。所谓催生者,亦不过助其血气而利
导之耳。直待临期,乃可用脱花煎或滑胎煎,随证加减主之。或经日久产,母困倦难生,俱
宜服滑胎煎,以助其气血,令儿速生。其有气虚无力,艰于传送者,必用独参汤,随多随少
接济其力,皆为催生要法。若期未至而妄用行气导血等剂,以为催生,亦犹摘方苞之萼,揠
宋人之苗耳。
一、临盆将产,腹痛已甚,凡催生之药,无如脱花煎,少用肉桂五七分为最稳最妙。若
气虚无力者,加人参二三钱;虚甚者,任意加用之。
一、催生若水血下多,子道干涩难出者,宜用滑利之物,如猪脂油、蜜、酥油、葱白、
葵子、牛乳、滑石、榆白皮之类以润之,亦济急之法也。
Banmao (Mylabris), Shuizhi (Leech), and Mengchong (Tabanus), Wutou (Aconite Lateral Root) combined with Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Child Root) and Tianxiong (Aconite Root), Yege (Gelsemium/Strychnos, often referring to toxic plants like Gelsemium elegans or historically Strychnos nux-vomica depending on context, here likely a toxic herb), Shuiyin (Mercury), and Badou (Croton Seed), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Yiyiren (Coix Seed), and Wugong (Centipede), Leng (Burreed Tuber), E (Curcuma Tuber), Daizhe Shi (Haematitum), Yuanhua (Kadua Flower), and Shexiang (Musk), Daji (Euphorbia Root), Shetui (Snake Slough), Huang Cixiong (likely referring to specific animal parts or herbs, contextually grouped with toxins), Yaxiao (Sal Nitratis), Mangxiao (Mirabilite), Mudan Pi (Tree Peony Bark), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), Huaihua (Sophora Flower), Qianniu (Morning Glory Seed), and Zaojiao (Tamarind Fruit/Seed pod), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizome), and Tongcao (Tetrapanax Pith), Qumai (Dianthus Herb), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), and Taoren (Peach Kernel) are contraindicated; Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Ganqi (Dried Licorice? No, Ganxi is Dry Resin), Ganqi (Dry Resin of Rhus chinensis?), Xiejiazhao (Carapace of Pot-bellied Turtle), Didang (Euphorbia kansui root? Or specific insect), and Maogen (Imperata Rhizome) should not be used well. (From "Bian Chan Xu Zhi")
Pregnant women are highly advised to practice sexual abstinence. This is unknown to many women, and also largely unknown to men, which is nearly foolish. The strength of the fetal origin, the difficulty or ease of childbirth, and postpartum conditions such as metrorrhagia, strangury, and menstrual disorders are all attributable to this factor. The reason lies in the fact that during the period when the fetal spirit consolidates, it is crucial to protect the uterine palace. If one fails to exercise caution and indulges in lustful desires, leaking yin essence, the protective barriers will become insecure, leading to disordered qi and blood. Consequently, offspring may suffer from congenital deficiency and premature death, and various diseases of the yin aspect will emerge. This is the most critical precaution for women, which those who understand must carefully consider.
Regarding methods to facilitate smooth delivery (Hua Tai), the goal is merely to make the time of lying on the birth mat easy and rapid. The factors determining difficulty or ease lie in the fullness or deficiency of blood, not in the lubricating properties of drugs. Abundant blood provides moisture, making delivery easy; deficient blood causes dryness and friction, making delivery difficult. Therefore, before labor, the primary approach should be to nourish qi and blood, preparing in advance. Formulas such as Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), Huatai Jian (Slippery Fetus Decoction), Wufu Yin (Five Blessings Drink), Xiaoying Jian (Little Camp Decoction), and Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) are essential for facilitating delivery. If one ignores this principle and overuses lubricating agents, or if the due date has not arrived and there is no heat or stagnation yet purgative, qi-moving, sinking, bitter-cold drugs are recklessly employed, they will secretly damage Ying qi and deplete True Yin. This often leads to blood deficiency and qi sinking, becoming a major hazard at the time of delivery. However, for those who are indeed obese and have excess qi, formulas such as Zisu Yin (Perilla Drink), Baosheng Wuyou San (Protect Life Without Worries Powder), and Huatai Zhike San (Slippery Fetus Aurantium Powder) can be selected.
When the fetal origin is complete and sufficient, delivery occurs naturally after ten months, following its own schedule; it cannot be forcibly induced. What is called "inducing labor" merely assists the qi and blood to guide the process smoothly. Only when labor is imminent should Tuohua Jian (Shedding Flowers Decoction) or Huatai Jian be used, modified according to symptoms. In cases of prolonged labor where the mother is exhausted and unable to deliver, Huatai Jian should be administered to boost qi and blood, enabling the fetus to be born quickly. For those with qi deficiency and weakness, struggling to expel the fetus, Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) must be used, dosed appropriately to supplement strength. These are key methods for inducing labor. Using qi-moving and blood-guiding agents before the due date under the guise of induction is akin to pulling shoots to help them grow—a futile and harmful act.
1. When approaching delivery with severe abdominal pain, no formula is superior to Tuohua Jian for inducing labor. Using a small amount of Rougui (5-7 fen) is the safest and most effective method. For patients with qi deficiency and weakness, add 2-3 qian of Renshen (Ginseng); for severe deficiency, add as needed.
2. If excessive amniotic fluid and blood loss cause dryness and friction in the birth canal, making delivery difficult, lubricating substances should be used, such as Pig Fat Oil, Honey, Butter, Scallion White, Dongkuizi (Winter Melon Seeds), Cow's Milk, Huashi (Talcum), and Yu Baidi (Elm Bark). This is also an emergency rescue method.