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Sore throat caused by smallpox and measles is also a common manifestation, resulting from the upward薰 (fuming/burning) of fire-toxin. It should not be equated with Hou Bi (sore throat/obstruction), and blind use of acupuncture needles is prohibited. This is because it is not Hou Bi or carbuncle/swelling, and originally there is no evil blood to be expelled. For throat diseases associated with smallpox and measles, presenting merely as dryness and pain in the pharynx, Nian Jie Tang (Twenty-Seed Decoction) added with Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) is suitable, or Shegan Niuzi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctii Decoction), which should be swallowed slowly. Additionally, Yuyao Chi (Jade Key Powder) can be blown into the throat.

Before the eruption of measles, there may be Stomach Fire; and after the eruption, residual toxins may fail to dissipate. When this heat-toxin accumulates above and below the gums, sores appear on the lips and mouth. In such cases, wash with warm rice water more than ten times daily, and urgently treat with detoxifying herbs. If treatment is delayed, it often transforms into Zou Ma Gan (Funky Mouth/Noma).

Between one to five or six days after the initial fever of measles, abdominal pain is common. This occurs because the fire of the Large Intestine is constrained within the skin pores, causing abdominal pain. One must not mistake this for food stagnation and use digestive-promoting herbs, nor rub the abdomen with hands, as these actions can cause harm. Only by resolving the measles toxin, once the toxin disperses, will the abdominal pain cease naturally. This requires utmost caution.

If residual toxins remain after measles, they should be resolved promptly. If left unresolved for a long time, it will inevitably lead to wheezing and coughing, rattling of phlegm in the throat, coldness and numbness of the four limbs, lackluster eyes, blue-white complexion, blackening around the nostrils resembling a chimney, or inability to produce a cough sound. If the pulse at the Cun position of the right hand is scattered when lightly palpated and completely absent when heavily pressed, it becomes a difficult-to-treat condition.

First, slight fever remaining after the resolution of measles indicates Deficient Heat. No specific treatment is needed; wait for the Qi and Blood to harmonize and flow smoothly, and the fever will subside spontaneously. If the heat is severe or persists for a long time, Chai Hu Mai Men Dong San (Bupleurum and Ophiopogon Powder) is suitable; if severe, Huang Lian Jie Du Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity) or Ren Shen Bai Hu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) may be used.

Second, if fever persists after measles, accompanied by dry and erect hair, emaciation with visible bones, and gradual wasting, it constitutes Gu Zheng Lao Zhai (Bone-stealing Consumption Disease). Wan Shi Chai Hu Si Wu Tang (Wan's Bupleurum Four Substances Decoction) is the primary formula, or Lu Hui Fei Er Wan (Aloe Vera Pill for Enriching the Spleen) added with Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus). Delay leads to transformation: sleeping with eyes open, cold breath from mouth and nose, cold and inverted extremities, eventually forming Man Pi Feng (Slow Spleen Wind) with convulsions, which is incurable.

Third, sudden convulsions occurring while fever persists after measles should not be treated as Ji Jing Feng (Acute Convulsive Wind). Use Dao Chi San (Guide Out Redness Powder) added with Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), administered with Qi Wei An Shen Wan (Seven-Ingredient Calming Spirit Pill). Clear urine indicates a treatable condition; scanty urine indicates difficulty. If excessive phlegm is present, Bao Long Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill) can be used, or Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Mai Men Dong, Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Fu Ling (Poria), Chen Sha (Cinnabar), and Shi Chang Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma). These can also be powdered and formed into pills with steamed dough and pig heart blood.

Fourth, coughing is common after measles resolve. Persistent mild cough indicates residual toxin; Qing Fei Yin (Clear Lung Infusion) added with Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice) and Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) is indicated. Severe cough with rebellious Qi and persistent onset after eruption indicates latent fire in the Lung and deficiency of Metal leading to scorched leaves (Lung Yin deficiency); Qing Fei Yin, or Qing Fei Tang combined with Ren Shen Bai Hu Tang or Liu Yi San (Six-to-One Powder) is indicated. Sudden cough with body heat, even choking on food and drink, or hemoptysis, results from heat-toxin attacking the Lung; Duo Yong Men Dong Qing Fei Tang (Abundant Use of Ophiopogon Clearing Lung Decoction), possibly with Lian Qiao, or Qing Jin Jiang Huo Tang (Clear Metal Descend Fire Decoction) are indicated. Severe cough with facial edema, swollen eyes, high chest with rapid breathing, bleeding from anus and nose, blue-red complexion, delirium, irritability, and head shaking constitute a death syndrome. If Lung Qi is inherently deficient and forced by toxin to wheeze without hemoptysis or choking, Qing Fei Yin with doubled Ren Shen is indicated. Do not rigidly adhere to the theory of Lung Heat and use only clearing and detoxifying herbs.

Fifth, if residual heat remains after measles, or severe heat causes hemorrhage, Si Wu Tang added with Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis), and Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu - note: usually substituted in modern practice) promotes urination to direct heat downward for cure. If bleeding is located in the upper jiao, remove Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma).

Sixth, residual toxin entering the Stomach and failing to dissipate for a long time causes black rotting of gums, rotting flesh with bleeding, and foul odor, named Zou Ma Gan (Noma). Ma Ming San (Horse Cry Powder) is the primary formula. In severe cases, urgently use Zhong Ren Bai (Calcinata Os Humanis), Lu Hui (Aloe), Shi Jun Zi (Quisqualis Fructus), Long Dan Cao, Huang Lian, and Wu Ling Zhi (Trogopterori Faeces), soaked in steamed dough to form pills, taken with boiling water to clear Stomach Fire. Facial swelling, blue-black color around the mouth, tooth loss, lip collapse, and nasal destruction constitute a death syndrome.

Seventh, after measles resolve, if diet and movement are normal, but sudden severe colic occurs with profuse sweating like water, it is due to weak Yuan Qi (Original Qi) and lack of nourishment. Although there is no external disease, the interior is truly deficient. Accidental invasion by evil Qi is called Zhong E (Qi Stroke/Poisoning). This is a syndrome where morning onset leads to evening death.