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1. Dizziness (Xuanxuan) although belonging to deficiency in the upper part, inevitably involves deficiency in the lower part. The "upper deficiency" refers to Yang deficiency within Yang; the "lower deficiency" refers to Yang deficiency within Yin. For Yang deficiency within Yang, treatment should focus on Qi, such as using Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Wujunzi Jian (Five Gentemen Decoction), Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction), or Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If accompanied by vomiting, Shengzhu Jian (Sage's Atractylodes Decoction) with a significant addition of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) is appropriate. For Yang deficiency within Yin, treatment should tonify Essence, such as using Wufu Yin (Five Blessings Drink), Qifu Yin (Seven Blessings Drink), Zuogui Yin (Left Restoring Drink), Yougui Yin (Right Restoring Drink), or Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction). However, cutting the roots will inevitably cause the canopy to wither, and watering the shoots requires irrigating the roots. Therefore, when treating upper deficiency, it is best to simultaneously tonify Qi and Blood, such as using Dabu Yuanjian (Great Tonification of Origin Decoction), Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonification Decoction), and various Yin- or Yang-tonifying formulas, which should be selected according to suitability.

2. Regarding the syndrome of dizziness and vertigo, if the etiology matches that described in the first article above, treatment should be sought based on specific symptoms. If there is Fire, clear the Fire concurrently; if there is Phlegm-Dampness, resolve the Phlegm-Dampness concurrently; if there is Qi stagnation, regulate the Qi concurrently. This depends on adapting to changes in the condition. However, no case should fail to prioritize treating deficiency, while using concurrent treatments as adjuncts.

3. Ancient methods for treating dizziness and vertigo also require scrutiny. Zhu Danxi stated: For Phlegm-Dampness, Erchen Tang (Two Old Decoction) is mostly suitable. Add Jiuhuangqin (Wine-processed Scutellariae Radix) if there is Fire. If complicated by Qi deficiency, involving hyperactive Ministerial Fire, treat Phlegm first, combining with Qi-regulating herbs to descend Fire, such as Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Gastrodia Decoction) from Li Dongyuan. For severe dizziness that is unbearable, use Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) wine-fried and powdered, taken with tea water. If Fire stirs Phlegm-Dampness, use Erchen Tang added with Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) to disperse Wind and dry Dampness. An appendix records: For those who experience dizziness upon waking in the morning, which resolves spontaneously after a moment and occurs daily, use Zhengyuan San (Upright Origin Powder) to administer Heixi Dan (Black Tin Pill). For head dizziness caused by injury to Dampness, use Shen Zhuo Tang (Kidney Fixing Decoction) added with Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), named Chushi Tang (Remove Dampness Decoction). For cases with Phlegm, use Qingzhou Bai Wanzi (Qingzhou White Pills).

I believe that ancient methods for treating dizziness, such as Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang, treat Spleen-related Phlegm; Erchen Tang added with Huangqin treats Heat-Phlegm; Qingzhou Bai Wanzi treats Wind-Phlegm and Cold-Phlegm; Shen Zhuo Tang treats Damp-Phlegm. Furthermore, Dahuang powder for treating severe dizziness is only suitable for cases of Phlegm-Fire congestion; the heavy descending nature of Heixi Dan is only suitable for cases of excess Qi in the upper part. It is feared that in the syndrome of dizziness, true cases of excess Phlegm or excess Fire are rare, and it is not a disease of upper excess. Whether these ancient formulas are appropriate must be carefully examined.