Library

Lianquan (Ren-23, treating sublingual swelling, mouth ulcers, tongue deviation/flaccidity, and tongue root retraction), Jinjin (Ex-HN12), Yuye (Ex-HN13) (the above two acupoints can be pricked to bleed), Tiantu (Ren-22), Shaoshang (LU-11).

Dabu Yuanyin Decoction (New Supplement 1), Wu Junzi Jian Decoction (New Heat 6), Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Cold 79), Dali Qingyin Decoction (New Cold 5), Chaihu Zhu Yin (New Dispersal 5 formulas), Buyin Yiqi Jian Decoction (New Supplement 16), Ganlu Yin Decoction (Cold 10), Eryin Jian Decoction (New Supplement 10), Qingxin Lianzi Yin Decoction (Cold 32), Xixin Yin Decoction (New Cold 4), Qifu Yin Decoction (New Supplement 7), Longdan Xiegan Tang (Cold 62), Lizhong Tang (Heat 1), Liyin Jian Decoction (New Heat 3), Zhuye Shigao Tang (Cold 6), Wuhua San Powder (Harmonize 182), Daochi San Powder (Cold 122), Shengma Lianhua Tang (Inherited 117), Xuanshen San Powder (Inherited 111), Xiexin Tang (Cold 27), Xixin Huangbai San Powder (Inherited 123), Sanhuang Wan Pill (Attack 68), Qingwei Yin Decoction (Cold 56), Baican Huangbai San Powder (Inherited 124), Bingyu San Powder (New Inherited 46), Liangge San Powder (Attack 19, Smallpox 83), *Qianjin Fang* Halitosis Formula (Inherited 133), Bingbai San Powder (New Inherited 47), Huangbai San Powder (Inherited 55), Jinhua Jian Decoction (Inherited 112), *Shenghui Fang* Oral and Dental Formula (Inherited 134), Shengjin San Powder (Inherited 111), Yinyang San Powder (Inherited 120), Fujian Fragrant Tea Cake (Inherited 302), Lvyun San Powder (Inherited 122), Dingxiang Wan Pill (Inherited 118).

Jiajian Bawei Wan Pill (Supplement 122), *Zhizhi Fang* Scutellaria Decoction (Cold 107, treating Heart and Lung Heat), Pengsha Wan Pill (Inherited 110, for holding in the mouth).

The *Suwen: Chapter on the Generation of the Five Zang Organs* states: All meridians connect to the eyes. The Liver receives blood to enable vision.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Five Orifices and Five Orifices* states: The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver. Patients with Liver disease have a bluish complexion.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the True Theory of the Golden Casket* states: The East corresponds to the color green, internally connecting to the Liver, and opening into the eyes.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Pathogenic Factors and Meridian-Zang-Fu Disease Forms* states: The twelve main meridians and three hundred sixty-five collaterals, their Qi and Blood all ascend to the face and enter the orifices; the refined Yang Qi ascends to the eyes to form vision.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Great Confusion* states: The essence of the five Zang and six Fu organs all ascend to the eyes to form the eye's essence. The gathering place of essence is the eyeball. The essence of bone forms the pupil, the essence of sinews forms the black part (iris/cornea), the essence of blood forms the vessels, the essence of Qi forms the white part (sclera), and the essence of muscle forms the constraints (eyelids). These wrap and gather the essence of sinews, bones, blood, and Qi, combining with the meridians to form the optic nerve system, which connects upward to the brain and exits posteriorly from the middle of the neck. Therefore, if pathogenic factors attack the neck, coinciding with bodily deficiency, and penetrate deeply, they follow the optic nerve system into the brain. Entering the brain causes dizziness, which pulls the optic nerves tight, causing visual vertigo. If pathogenic factors disturb the essence, and the affected essences do not coordinate, the essence scatters. When essence scatters, diplopia occurs, seeing double objects. The eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the five Zang and six Fu organs, where Ying and Wei, Hun and Po frequently circulate, and where Shen Qi frequently generates. Thus, mental labor causes Hun and Po to scatter and will/intent to become chaotic. Therefore, the pupil and black part follow Yin, while the white part and red vessels follow Yang. When Yin and Yang combine and transmit, clarity of vision is achieved. The eyes are the messengers of the Heart, and the Heart is the residence of Shen. Thus, if Shen and Jing are chaotic and not rotating, suddenly seeing unusual places causes Spirit, Hun, and Po to scatter and lose coordination, which is called "Huo" (confusion/delusion).
The *Suwen: Chapter on Pulse Length* states: If Qi of the Chong Mai does not nourish, the eyes cannot close. Liver Qi communicates with the eyes; when Liver Qi is harmonious, the eyes can distinguish the five colors.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Cold and Heat Diseases* states: The Foot-Taiyang channel has a branch entering the brain from the neck, directly attaching to the root of the eye, named the optic nerve system. For severe head and eye pain, treat this point located between the two tendons in the neck, entering the brain before branching. Yin Chong and Yang Chong intersect; Yang enters Yin, Yin exits Yang, intersecting at the outer canthus. When Yang Qi is abundant, the eyes open; when Yin Qi is abundant, the eyes close.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Wei Qi Circulation* states: At dawn, Yin ends, and Yang Qi emerges from the eyes. When the eyes open, Qi ascends to the head. At night, Qi travels through Yin and returns to the eyes.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Questions of the Mouth* states: The Heart is the master of the five Zang and six Fu organs; the eyes are the gathering place of numerous meridians and the pathway for fluids; the mouth and nose are the gates of Qi. Therefore, sorrow and worry move the Heart, moving the Heart shakes the five Zang and six Fu organs, shaking causes the numerous meridians to be stimulated, stimulation opens the fluid pathways, and opening of fluid pathways causes tears and snot to flow. Fluids are used to irrigate essence and moisten the orifices. Thus, when the upper fluid pathway opens, tears flow; if tearing does not stop, fluids are exhausted. When fluids are exhausted, essence is not irrigated; when essence is not irrigated, the eyes cannot see, which is called "Duojing" (loss of essence).
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Subtle Essence of Resolution* states: The Heart is the concentrated essence of the five Zang organs, the eyes are its orifice, and the luster of the complexion is its glory. Therefore, virtue leads to harmonious Qi in the eyes, and distress is known through complexion. Sorrow causes tears to fall, which is how water is generated. The essence of Water is Zhi (Will), and the essence of Fire is Shen (Spirit). When Water and Fire interact, both Shen and Zhi feel sorrow, hence water appears in the eyes. Jue syndrome results in blindness. In Jue syndrome, Yang Qi merges upward and Yin Qi merges downward. Yang merging upward means Fire shines alone; Yin merging downward means cold feet, and cold feet cause distension. One Water cannot overcome Five Fires, hence blindness. Thus, weeping continues in the wind. When Wind attacks the eyes, Yang Qi guards internally within Jing, meaning Fire Qi burns the eyes, so weeping occurs upon exposure to wind. This can be compared to nature: fierce wind generates rain, which is similar.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Resolving Qi* states: When Qi escapes, vision is unclear.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Epilepsy and Mania* states: Mania involves hallucinations of sight and hearing, and frequent shouting, caused by deficiency of Qi.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Organ Qi and Seasonal Laws* states: Patients with Liver disease, in deficiency, experience blurred vision and deafness, and excessive fear as if being hunted. Treat the meridians of Jueyin and Shaoyang.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Heat Diseases* states: Red and painful eyes starting from the inner canthus should be treated by puncturing Yin Chong. Unclear vision with unrelenting heat indicates death.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Miao Ci* states: Pathogenic factors lodging in the collateral of the Foot-Yang Chong meridian cause eye pain starting from the inner canthus. Prick two points below the lateral malleolus, left for right symptoms and right for left, resolving after walking about ten li.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Diagnosing Diseases by Measuring the Forearm* states: Red eyes indicate Heart disease; white indicates Lung disease; green indicates Liver disease; yellow indicates Spleen disease; black indicates Kidney disease. Yellow that cannot be named indicates disease in the chest. Diagnosing eye pain: red vessels descending from top to bottom indicate Taiyang disease; ascending from bottom to top indicate Yangming disease; moving from outside to inside indicate Shaoyang disease.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Meridian Sinews* states: The branch of the Foot-Taiyang meridian sinus becomes the upper eyelid. The Foot-Yangming meridian sinus combines with Taiyang to form the lower eyelid. The branch of the Foot-Shaoyang meridian sinus knots at the outer canthus to form the outer restraint. The Foot-Yangming meridian sinus draws the supraclavicular fossa and cheek; sudden facial paralysis with tightness prevents eye closure; heat causes sinew flaccidity and inability to open the eyes.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Epilepsy and Mania* states: The part of the eye decided outwardly on the face is the outer canthus; the part inward near the nose is the inner canthus; the upper is the outer canthus; the lower is the inner canthus. (Note: Textual ambiguity preserved).
The *Suwen: Chapter on Evaluating Heat Diseases* states: Water is Yin, and the area under the eyes is also Yin. The abdomen is the residence of Supreme Yin. Therefore, when water accumulates in the abdomen, the area under the eyes must swell.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Essential subtleties of Pulse Diagnosis* states: The brightness of the eyes and the five colors are the splendor of Qi. Red should resemble cinnabar wrapped in white silk, not ochre; white should resemble goose feathers, not salt; green should resemble the luster of dark jade, not indigo; yellow should resemble realgar wrapped in silk, not loess; black should resemble heavy lacquer, not earthy gray. If the subtle images of the five colors appear, life expectancy is short. The brightness of the eyes is used to view all things, distinguish black and white, and judge length and shortness. Mistaking long for short and white for black indicates depletion of essence.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Great Theory of the Five Constant Policies* states: In the Ji of He Xi (excessive Fire), diseases include sores, bleeding, mania, and red eyes. When Yangming governs the year, dry Qi descends, Liver Qi follows upward, causing hypochondriac pain and red eyes.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Great Theory of the Six Origins and Correct Principles* states: When Shaoyang governs the year, in the first Qi period, the climate is greatly warm, causing hemorrhage and red eyes. In the third Qi period, intense heat arrives, causing internal heat, throat obstruction, and red eyes. When Shaoyin governs the year, people suffer from red eyes and ulcers. In the second Qi period, Yang Qi spreads, wind moves, causing strangury, blurred vision, and red eyes, with Qi stagnating upward causing heat. In the third Qi period, great fire moves, causing red eyes. When Fire Stagnation erupts, people suffer from red eyes and heart heat, severe cases leading to confusion, restlessness, and sudden death. When Wood Stagnation erupts, severe cases lead to tinnitus, vertigo, and inability to recognize people.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Great Necessity of Truth* states: When Shaoyang prevails, there are red eyes and nausea. When Taiyang governs the year, there is facial redness, yellow eyes, and frequent belching.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Great Theory of Qi Intersection Changes* states: When Metal of the Year is excessive, dry Qi prevails, attacking Liver Wood, causing pain in the hypochondrium and lower abdomen, and red, painful, ulcerated eyes.
The *Suwen: Chapter on Teacher Transmission* states: The Liver acts as the general, scouting externally. To know its firmness, observe the size of the eyes. Large eyes under the orbit indicate bold Gallbladder Qi.
The *Suwen: Chapter on the Generation of the Five Zang Organs* states: Dizziness and swaying, blurred vision, and deafness indicate excess below and deficiency above, involving the Foot-Shaoyang and Foot-Jueyin meridians, potentially entering the Liver. Regarding the observation of abnormal pulses of the five colors (see previous disease sections).
The *Lingshu: Chapter on the Sea* states: Deficiency of the Sea of Marrow causes dizziness, tinnitus, leg soreness, vertigo, blindness, lassitude, and desire to lie down.
The *Lingshu: Chapter on Wind* states: Wind Qi enters the Stomach via the Yangming meridian, ascending to the inner canthus. In fat individuals, wind cannot escape externally, causing internal heat and yellow eyes. In thin individuals, it escapes externally causing cold, leading to internal cold and tearing. Wind ascending via Fengfu causes Brain Wind; wind entering the head system causes Eye Wind and cold eyes.
The *Lingshu: Chapter on Meridians* states: When all five Yin Qi are exhausted, the optic nerve system twists, causing eye rotation. Eye rotation indicates the death of Zhi (Will) first, followed by death one and a half days later.
The *Lingshu: Chapter on Essential Acupuncture and Terminal Meridians* states: The termination of Taiyang meridian Qi presents as upward gaze and opisthotonos. (See Volume 37, Gate of Life and Death).
The *Lingshu: Chapter on Three Parts and Nine Probes* states: Sunken eyes indicate death. High pupils indicate Taiyang deficiency; fixed upward gaze (daiyan) indicates Taiyang exhaustion. This is crucial for determining life and death and must be examined carefully.