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I have stated that from the Yuji (LU10) acupoint to the high bone, measuring backward one cun is therefore called "cun." From the Chize (LU5) acupoint to the high bone, measuring backward one chi is therefore called "chi." The Chi-fu (skin of the forearm) refers to the skin between the Chize acupoint and the high bone. Since the Qi-kou (Cunkou pulse) is the pulse site of the Lung meridian, and the skin is the exterior correspondence of the Lung, with pulse qi circulating within the skin and the skin situated outside the pulse, observing the skin allows for assessment of the Chi region.

The methods for observing the Chi-fu include six types: Huan (Lax), Ji (Tight), Hua (Slippery), Se (Choppy), Ben Er Qi (Bulging and Rising), and Jian Er Shao Qi (Reduced and Deficient in Qi). "Huan" means the Chi-fu is lax and relaxed without tension; "Ji" means the Chi-fu is tight and urgent without relaxation. "Hua" implies not choppy, possessing a smooth and slippery appearance; "Se" implies not slippery, possessing a rough and stagnant appearance. "Ben Er Qi" describes a state resembling boiling water rising; "Jian Er Shao Qi" describes a form of depletion and deficiency. Generally, Huan indicates Heat, while Ji indicates Cold. Hua belongs to Yang, characterized by moist and lubricated Qi; Se belongs to Yin, characterized by coagulated and sluggish Blood. Ben Er Qi indicates excess due to overabundance (Shi); Jian Er Shao Qi indicates deficiency due to insufficiency (Xu). Observing these six aspects together reveals the variations of pathology within.

The Classics state: When the pulse is Ji (Tight), the skin of the Chi region is also Ji; when the pulse is Huan (Lax), the skin of the Chi region is also Huan; when the pulse is Hua (Slippery), the skin of the Chi region is also Hua; when the pulse is Se (Choppy), the skin of the Chi region is also Se; when the pulse is Da (Large), the skin of the Chi region bulges and rises; when the pulse is Xiao (Small), the skin of the Chi region is reduced and deficient in Qi. Thus, facial color, pulse, and skin manifestations should all correspond. By combining them for observation, one can deduce the favorable or unfavorable course of the disease.

The *Qianjin Fang* states: In Wind diseases, the pulse is Hua (Slippery); in Bi syndrome (Painful Obstruction), the pulse is Se (Choppy). When Qi and Blood are abundant, the flesh of the Chi region is plump; when Qi and Blood are deficient, the flesh of the Chi region is emaciated. This is also a key method for diagnosing the Chi region. The chapter "Lun Ji Chi Pian" in the *Lingshu* states: If the Chi-fu is slippery and glossy, it is Wind disease; if the Chi-region flesh is weak, it is Xie Jie (lethargy and weakness); if there is a tendency to lie down, muscle wasting, it is a difficult-to-treat condition of alternating cold and heat; if the Chi-fu is slippery and oily, it is Wind disease; if the Chi-fu is rough, it is Feng Bi (Wind-Bi); if the Chi-fu is coarse like the scales of a dried fish, it is Water Retention (Shui Yin); if the Chi-fu is Se (rough) but the pulse is Hua (slippery), it is termed excessive sweating; if the Chi region is cold and the pulse is Xi (Fine), it is termed Hou Xie (posterior discharge/diarrhea); if the Chi region is thick and constantly hot, it is Re Zhong (internal heat); if the Chi region is hard and large but the pulse is small and scarce, indicating excess pathogenic factors and insufficient healthy Qi, death will occur immediately. This further illustrates using Chi-fu diagnosis to reference pulse and symptoms, and combining pulse and symptoms to determine life and death prognosis. As for the specific locations of the Chi region and the coldness or warmth of the hands, which are known through palpation, I reserve detailed discussion for later.