一名鸡舌香
辛温无毒。有子而大者曰母丁香，去蒂及子用。忌见火。
发明 丁香辛温入手太阴、足少阴、阳明经。温胃进食，止呕定泻，虚冷下痢白沫之要
药。干霍乱不吐不下及呕逆不止，厥冷脉沉者，并宜服之；胃寒肝虚，呃逆呕哕，在所必用
。但渴欲饮水，热哕呃逆，不可误投。小儿痘疹不光泽，不起发，气虚灰白，或胀或泻或渴
或气促，表里俱虚之证并宜加用。凡胃逆呕吐者，健胃消痰药中加三五粒甚效。不宜多用，
但其性易于僭上，过用则损肺伤目，非属虚寒者概不可施。丁皮即丁香树皮，似筒桂皮而坚
浓，色深紫，较之肉桂味稍枯，气稍滞，专治一切心腹冷气，腹胀恶心，泄泻虚滑，水谷不
消，及齿痛诸证。方家用代丁香，今舶上人每以伪充肉桂，不可不辨。
辛温无毒。禁用火焙。
发明 白檀香善调膈上诸气，散冷气，引胃气上升，进饮食兼通阳明之经。郁抑不舒，
呕逆吐食者宜之，痈疽溃后脓多禁用。
咸平无毒。
发明 白檀辛温，气分药也，故能理卫气而调脾肺，利胸膈。紫檀咸平，血分药也，力
能和营气而消肿毒。疗金疮各有攸宜。
辛温无毒。禁用火焙。
发明 降真香色赤入血分而下降。故内服能行血破滞，外涂可止血定痛。刃伤用紫金散
，即降真香用磁瓦刮下，和血竭研末是也；又虚损吐红，色瘀昧不鲜者，宜加用之，其功与
花蕊石散不殊。血热妄行色紫浓浓，脉实便秘者禁用。
[Dingxiang]
Also known as Jitixiang (Chicken Tongue Fragrance).
Nature and flavor: Acrid, warm, non-toxic. The fruit containing seeds and being larger is called "Mother Dingxiang"; when used, remove the stem and seeds, utilizing only the flesh. Avoid exposure to fire.
[Invention/Commentary]
The acrid-warm nature of Dingxiang enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It warms the stomach to promote digestion, stops vomiting, and relieves diarrhea; it is a key herb for treating dysentery with white mucus caused by deficiency-cold. For cases of Gan Huoluan (Dry Cholera, characterized by severe abdominal pain without vomiting or diarrhea) resulting in inability to vomit or defecate, as well as persistent regurgitation/vomiting accompanied by cold limbs and a deep pulse, it is suitable for use. In cases of stomach cold combined with liver deficiency causing hiccup, vomiting, or dry heaves, it is essential. However, if the patient has thirst with desire to drink water, or experiences hiccups and vomiting due to heat, it must not be mistakenly administered. For children suffering from smallpox/variolous rashes that lack luster and fail to erupt, presenting with Qi deficiency, grayish-white color, abdominal distension, diarrhea, thirst, or shortness of breath—indicating deficiency in both exterior and interior—it is also suitable to add. For vomiting caused by rebellious Stomach Qi, adding three to five grains of Dingxiang to herbs that strengthen the stomach and resolve phlegm yields significant effects. It should not be used in large quantities because its nature tends to surge upward; excessive use damages the lungs and eyes, and it is generally contraindicated for those not suffering from deficiency-cold.
Dingpi (Dingxiang Bark) is the bark of the Dingxiang tree. It resembles Cinnamon Twig in shape but is harder and thicker, with a deep purple color. Compared to Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), its taste is slightly duller and its aroma slightly more stagnant. It specifically treats all types of cold qi accumulation in the heart and abdomen, abdominal distension, nausea, slippery diarrhea, indigestion of food and water, and various toothaches. Formulary practitioners often use it to substitute for Dingxiang. Currently, merchants importing goods from overseas often pass it off as counterfeit Rougui, so careful distinction is necessary.
[Baitanxiang]
Nature and flavor: Acrid, warm, non-toxic. Roasting over fire is prohibited.
[Invention/Commentary]
Baitanxiang excels at regulating various Qi stagnations above the diaphragm, dispersing cold qi, guiding Stomach Qi to ascend, promoting appetite, and unblocking the Foot-Yangming Meridian. It is suitable for cases of Qi depression and discomfort, regurgitation, vomiting, and expulsion of food. It is contraindicated after the ulceration of carbuncles and sores when there is abundant pus.
[Zitan]
Nature and flavor: Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary]
Baitanxiang is acrid and warm, belonging to the Qi-level herbs; thus, it can regulate Wei-Qi (Defensive Qi) to harmonize the Spleen and Lungs, and benefit the chest and diaphragm. Zitan is salty and neutral, belonging to the Blood-level herbs; its strength can harmonize Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) and reduce swelling and toxicity. Each has its specific suitability for treating metal weapon injuries (Jinchuang).
[Jiangzhenxiang]
Nature and flavor: Acrid, warm, non-toxic. Roasting over fire is prohibited.
[Invention/Commentary]
Jiangzhenxiang is red in color, enters the Blood level, and has a descending nature. Therefore, internally it promotes blood circulation and breaks up stagnation, while externally applied it stops bleeding and alleviates pain. For knife wounds, Zijin San (Purple Gold Powder) is used, which consists of powder scraped from Jiangzhenxiang using a ceramic tile, mixed with Xuejie (Dragon's Blood) and ground into fine powder. Additionally, for deficiency-induced hematemesis where the blood is dark and dull rather than bright, it is suitable to add this herb; its efficacy is comparable to that of Huaruishi San (Flower Ochre Stone Powder). It is contraindicated for cases of reckless bleeding due to blood-heat, characterized by thick, dark purple blood, a full pulse, and constipation.