种出南蕃故名
甘温有毒。
发明 至贱之品，食类之所不屑，时珍既云，多食发香港脚黄瘅。不可同羊肉食，令人气
壅，其性滞气助湿可知。何又言补中益气耶，前后不相应如此。
甘寒无毒。
发明 丝瓜嫩者寒滑，多食泻人，菜蔬中最不足取。其老者，经络贯串房隔联属，故能
通人经脉支络，而解热消肿祛毒杀虫，及治诸血病。故痘疮不快，用老丝瓜近蒂三寸连皮烧
灰存性为末，砂糖水服甚效，以其甘寒解毒而无滑泻之虞也。其立冬后，小丝瓜 ，入朱砂
服之能稀痘。其丝瓜藤取近根三五寸，烧灰存性为末，治鼻中时流臭浊水，酒调日服方寸匙
效。其叶捣汁生服，解一切蛇伤之毒。即以滓罨伤处，干即易之。
一名锦荔枝
苦寒无毒。
发明 锦荔枝有长短二种。生青，熟赤。生则性寒，熟则性温。闽粤人以长者去子，但
取青皮煮肉充蔬，为除热解烦清心明目之品。短者性温，其子苦甘，内藏真火，故能壮阳益
气。然须熟赤，方有殊功。
甘咸寒，无毒。
发明 凡瘿结积块之疾宜常食之，咸能软坚之义。多食令人腹痛，发冷气，吐白沫，饮
热醋少许即消。
甘咸寒滑，无毒。
发明 石花煮肉夏月必冻。下部虚寒及脾气不充者勿食。
甘平小毒。
发明 木耳禀湿土之气而生于朽株，故有衰精冷肾之患。然治痔疮 肿，崩中漏下大验
。俱炒见烟为末，酒服方寸匙效。
Named so because it is cultivated in the southern regions.
Sweet, warm, and slightly toxic.
[Invention] This is an extremely humble food item, often looked down upon by consumers. Li Shizhen stated that excessive consumption may induce Hong Kong foot (podagra/foot swelling) and yellow jaundice. It should not be consumed with mutton, as this combination causes qi stagnation; thus, its nature is known to be stagnant and dampness-promoting. How can it then be said to tonify the middle and benefit qi? The preceding and following statements are so inconsistent.
Sweet, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Young loofah is cold and slippery; excessive consumption causes diarrhea, making it the least desirable among vegetables. However, mature loofah has meridians that penetrate and connect through its chambers, enabling it to unblock the body's primary and collateral vessels, resolve heat, reduce swelling, dispel toxicity, kill parasites, and treat various blood disorders. Therefore, for slow eruption of smallpox, take three cun of old loofah near the stem, burn it with skin intact until carbonized, grind into powder, and administer with sugar water, which is very effective due to its sweet-cold detoxifying properties without the risk of slippery diarrhea. After Start of Winter, young loofah taken with Cinnabar (Zhusha) can thin out smallpox eruptions. Loofah vine cuttings near the root, 3-5 cun long, burned to ash and ground into powder, mixed with wine and taken daily in doses of one fangcun chi (approx. 1 cubic inch), is effective for treating foul-smelling turbid discharge from the nose. Fresh juice extracted from loofah leaves, taken raw, resolves all snakebite toxins. Apply the residue to the wound site, changing it when dry.
Also known as Broccoli-like Lychee (Jin Lizhi).
Bitter, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Jin Lizhi comes in two varieties: long and short. It grows green and ripens red. When raw, it is cold in nature; when cooked/mature, it becomes warm. People in Fujian and Guangdong remove the seeds of the long variety and use only the green peel boiled with meat as a vegetable; it is a product that clears heat, relieves irritability, brightens the mind, and improves vision. The short variety is warm in nature; its seeds are bitter and sweet, containing true fire within, thus capable of strengthening yang and benefiting qi. However, it must be fully ripe and red to achieve special efficacy.
Sweet, salty, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] It is suitable for frequent consumption in cases of goiter, nodules, and accumulated masses, based on the principle that saltiness softens hardness. Excessive consumption causes abdominal pain, generates cold qi, and leads to vomiting of white foam; drinking a small amount of hot vinegar eliminates these symptoms.
Sweet, salty, cold, slippery, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Stone flower (Shihua) cooked with meat feels frozen in summer. Those with deficiency-cold in the lower jiao or insufficient spleen qi should avoid eating it.
Sweet, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Invention] Wood ear mushroom absorbs the qi of damp earth and grows on rotting logs, hence it carries the risk of depleting essence and causing cold kidneys. However, it is highly effective in treating hemorrhoid swelling and uterine bleeding (metrorrhagia/metrostaxis). All forms should be stir-fried until smoke appears, ground into powder, and taken with wine in doses of one fangcun chi, which is effective.