甘温，无毒。产沙苑者，色微黑而形似羊肾。若色微绿，虽产秦中，非沙苑
也。酒蒸捣用。药肆中以一种野田开红花之土蒺藜伪充，咬之亦生豆气，但缺处有尖钩，稍
异耳。
发明 沙苑蒺藜产于潼关，得漠北之气，性降而补，益肾，治腰痛，为泄精虚劳要药，
最能固精，故聚精丸用此，佐鳔胶大有殊功。以之点汤代茶，亦甚甘美益人；但肾与膀胱偏
热者禁用，以其性温助火也。
辛温，无毒。
发明 谷精草性体轻浮，能入阳明分野，治目中诸痛甚良，而去翳尤为专药，明目退翳
之功在菊花之上，痘后生翳亦用之。此草兔性喜食，故目疾家专用，与望月砂功用不殊。
甘寒，无毒。市铺每以沙土杂入，须淘净，取浮者曝干，捻之不沾指者真。
发明 海金沙生于叶上，小肠膀胱血分药也。热伏二经血分者宜之。故小便热淋，茎痛
为要药。肾脏真阳不足者忌用。
一名水杨梅，生水边，条叶丛生似菊，茎端开黄花，实类椒，而不赤
辛温，无毒。
发明 地椒制丹砂粉霜，见庚辛《玉册纲目》名水杨梅，时珍主治疔疮肿毒。
辛平，无毒。
发明 半边莲，小草也。生阴湿塍堑边就地，细梗引蔓，节节生细叶，秋开小花，淡红
紫色，止有半边如莲花状故名。专治蛇伤，捣汁饮，以滓围之。
[Shayuan Jili] (Astragali Complanati Semen)
Sweet and warm, non-toxic. Those produced in Shayuan are slightly black in color and shaped like sheep kidneys. If the color is slightly green, even if produced in Qinzhou, it is not true Shayuan Jili. It should be steamed with wine and pounded for use. In pharmacies, a type of wild Tribulus terrestris (Di Li Zi, 蒺藜) from fields blooming with red flowers is often used as a fake; it also has a bean-like smell when bitten, but differs slightly by having sharp hooks at the broken ends.
Invention: Shayuan Jili is produced in Tongguan, absorbing the qi of the northern deserts. Its nature is descending and tonifying, benefiting the Kidney and treating lower back pain. It is an essential herb for treating seminal emission and deficiency consumptive disease, possessing the strongest ability to secure essence. Therefore, it is used in Ju Jing Wan (Accumulate Essence Pill), where combined with Biao Jiao (Ichthyocolium, 鳔胶), it yields remarkable efficacy. Brewing it as tea is also very pleasant and beneficial to people; however, it is contraindicated for those with heat in the Kidney and Bladder, as its warm nature aids fire.
[Gujing Cao] (Euphrasiae Herba)
Pungent and warm, non-toxic.
Invention: Gujing Cao has a light and floating nature, entering the Yangming channel region. It is excellent for treating various eye pains and is particularly specialized for removing nebulae. Its merit in brightening the eyes and resolving nebulae surpasses that of Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos, 菊花). It is also used for nebula formation after smallpox/variolous eruptions. Since rabbits favor eating this herb, ophthalmologists specialize in its use, with functions similar to Wang Yue Sha (Leporis Faeces, 望月砂).
[Haijinsha] (Lygodii Spora)
Sweet and cold, non-toxic. Market shops often mix sand and soil into it; it must be washed clean. The floating parts should be taken and dried in the sun; the genuine product will not stick to fingers when rubbed.
Invention: Haijinsha grows on leaves and is a herb for the blood aspect of the Small Intestine and Bladder channels. It is suitable for heat latent in the blood aspect of these two meridians. Thus, it is an essential herb for treating hot strangury (Re Lin, 热淋) and penile pain. It is contraindicated for those with insufficiency of the True Yang of the Kidney.
[Dijiao / Shuiyangmei] (Satureja or related species)
Also known as Shuiyangmei (Water Bayberry). It grows by the water, with branches and leaves clustered like chrysanthemums, blooming yellow flowers at the stem tips, and fruits resembling Sichuan pepper but not red. Pungent and warm, non-toxic.
Invention: Dijiao is used to prepare Cinnabar powder and frost, as seen in Geng Xin's "Yuce Gangmu" under the name Shuiyangmei. Li Shizhen indicated its main treatment for carbuncles and toxic swellings.
[Banbianlian] (Lobeliae Chinensis Herba)
Pungent and neutral, non-toxic.
Invention: Banbianlian is a small herb. It grows near damp ditches and field ridges in shady places, creeping along the ground with thin stems and vines, producing fine leaves at each node. It blooms small flowers in autumn, pale red-purple in color. It is named so because only half resembles a lotus flower. It is specifically used to treat snakebites; juice is extracted and drunk, and the residue is applied around the wound.