（宋开宝）
【气味】酸平，无毒。
【主治】主齿宣疳 ，肺脏风毒，流溢皮肤，作风湿癣，瘙痒脓水，五痔，下血不止，
小儿面鼻疳疮。
【核】曰∶五倍子，在处都有，蜀中者为胜。树名肤木，生丛林中，本末俱青，六七月
无花作子，子生叶底，初起甚小，渐大如菱，嫩时翠绿，老则黄褐。介甲中虚，坚结颇脆，
内有白膜，霜降采子曝干，用染重玄，迟则壳薄易腐。
【 】曰∶木以肤名，精专皮外之肤矣。经云∶夏日在肤，泛泛乎若万物之有余。又云
五六月阳气在表，垂枝布叶，皆下曲如钩，为太阳沦肤之尽，太阴肤受之始，效象阴阳，累
球叶底，小则如黍如粟，大则如菱如栗，名五倍子者以此。假木气以赋形，中有白膜如蠓蠛，
缘湿以合感而应生，木眚自成，非关外物耳。故主肺脏风毒，流溢皮肤面鼻。正皮肤者肺之
合，面鼻者肺之候也。若五痔下血，为肺脏之邪，出授大肠腑器；若齿宣疳 ，为燥金上病，
假合清肃以濡之；至于清暑止渴，疗咳嗽，通喉痹，化痰癖，逐淡阴，主泄痢，收肛脱，此
属肺金腑脏之变眚。若小儿尿血，又属游溢精气，通调水导，下输膀胱，用泄金气之郁矣。
（木命在皮，各有专精。或果，或仁，或枝叶，或根干，各备全木之体用。此独精专于
皮。皮复精专于肤，肤更精专于叶肤之肤子，若侵淫肤眚，用主侵淫肤疮，功必胜于胡粉。
不属虫卵，不属果实，此属假木气以赋形。又生成叶肤之肤子，湿生亦可，化生亦可。）
[Song Kai Bao Ben Cao]
[Flavor and Nature] Sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats loose teeth (Chi Xuan) and childhood malnutrition (Gan), wind-toxin of the Lung organ, which overflows into the skin, causing wind-damp tinea with itching and purulent discharge, five types of hemorrhoids, continuous rectal bleeding, and Gan sores on the face and nose of infants.
[Commentary by Lu Zhiyi] Five-fold galls are available everywhere, but those from Shu are superior. The tree is named Fu Mu (Skin Tree), growing in dense forests, with both trunk and branches green. In the sixth and seventh lunar months, it bears no flowers or fruits; the galls grow beneath the leaves. Initially very small, they gradually enlarge to resemble water caltrops. When tender, they are emerald green; when mature, yellowish-brown. The shell is hard like a carapace, hollow inside, firm yet brittle, containing a white membrane inside. They are harvested after frost and dried in the sun for dyeing deep colors; if harvested late, the shells become thin and prone to decay.
[Commentary by Lu Zhiyi] The tree is named "Fu" (Skin) because its essence specializes in the outer skin. The Classic states: "In summer, pathogens reside in the skin, abundant as all things." It also states: "In the fifth and sixth months, Yang Qi is at the surface; branches hang down, leaves spread, curving downward like hooks. This marks the culmination of Taiyang entering the skin and the beginning of Taiyin receiving pathogens at the skin." This reflects the imagery of Yin and Yang. The galls cluster under the leaves, small like millet grains, large like water caltrops or chestnuts, hence the name Wu Bei Zi (Five-fold Gall). It borrows Wood Qi to form its shape, containing a white membrane resembling midges. It arises from the interaction of dampness and sensation, being a natural pathology of Wood, unrelated to external objects. Thus, it treats wind-toxin of the Lung overflowing to the skin and face/nose. Skin is the exterior correspondence of the Lung; face and nose are its manifestations. If there is bleeding from five types of hemorrhoids, it is Lung pathogen transferring to the Large Intestine organ; if there are loose teeth and Gan sores, it is Dry Metal pathology affecting the upper jiao, utilizing clear and descending Qi to moisten it; regarding clearing summerheat and quenching thirst, treating cough, relieving throat obstruction, resolving phlegm accumulation, expelling mild yin, treating diarrhea and dysentery, and retracting rectal prolapse, these belong to pathological changes of the Lung Metal organs. If an infant has hematuria, it involves the overflow of essence, regulated through water pathways, draining downward to the Bladder, thus using this herb to vent the stagnation of Metal Qi. (Wood corresponds to skin, each having specific specialization. Some bear fruit, some seeds, some branches/leaves, some roots/trunks, each possessing the complete body and function of Wood. This one specializes solely in the skin. The skin further specializes in the epidermis, and the epidermis further specializes in the gall formed on the leaf-skin. If invading skin lesions, it treats invasive skin sores, with efficacy surpassing Bai Fen (Lead White Powder). It does not belong to insect eggs nor fruits; it borrows Wood Qi to form its shape. It is a gall generated from leaf-skin, arising either from damp generation or transformation.)