（本经下品）
【气味】苦寒，有毒。
【主治】主伤寒寒热，发热温疟，鬼毒，胸中痰结吐逆。
（本经下品）
【气味】辛平，有毒。
【主治】主疟，及咳逆寒热，腹中症坚，积聚邪气，蛊毒，鬼疰。
【核】曰∶出益州川谷，及汉中，今宜都、建平、海州、汴西、淮、浙、湖南并有之。
生山谷间，茎圆有节，高三四尺。叶似茗，两两相当二月作白花，青萼。五月结实青圆，三
子为房。根似荆根，色黄而皱，苗即蜀漆也，采时须连根苗收用，气力始备，性颇恶湿，采
即暴燥，青白堪用，否则黑烂郁坏矣。宜都、建平者，根形细实，宛如鸡骨，取用最胜。海
州者，叶似楸叶，八月开花红白，似山楝而小。又天台一种土尝山，苗叶并甘而凉，颇适口，
非同类也。修事，如用蜀漆，临时去根，同甘草相拌，水润蒸之。去甘草，细锉，再以甘草
汁拌蒸，晒干取用。如用尝山，临时去苗，用酒浸一宿，取出，晒干熬捣用。尝山，畏玉札。
蜀漆
【 】曰∶经久不迁之谓尝，宣气散生之谓山。盖以止行行止为体用，故一名互草。从
治伤寒、温疟之体似止，显寒热往来之用似行，及鬼毒与胸中结痰吐逆之似止而行，似行而
止者。苗曰蜀漆，山独之谓蜀，水泻欲留之谓漆，故功用相同，略分内外上下之异耳。
（合石膏 看，便知彼此功力差别∶石膏之止，止有凝义，行有散义；尝山之止，止有
停义
(Lower Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, Cold, Toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold-heat alternation caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), fever from Wen Nue (Warm Malaria), Gui Du (ghost toxicity, referring to certain infectious or psychiatric conditions), phlegm accumulation in the chest leading to vomiting and rebellious Qi.
(Lower Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Flavor and Nature] Pungent, Neutral, Toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats Nue (Malaria), coughing with rebellious Qi, cold-heat alternation, hardness of masses in the abdomen, accumulation of pathogenic Qi, Gu Du (gu poison), and Gui Zhu (ghost treading, a contagious chronic wasting disease).
[Verification] Says: It originates from the river valleys of Yizhou and Hanzhong. Currently, it is found in Yidu, Jianping, Haizhou, Bianxi, Huai, Zhejiang, and Hunan.
It grows in mountain valleys. The stem is round with nodes, three to four chi high. The leaves resemble tea leaves (*Camellia sinensis*), arranged oppositely. In the second lunar month, it produces white flowers with green calyces. In the fifth lunar month, it bears green, round fruits, with three seeds per locule. The root resembles that of *Vitex negundo* (Jinggen), yellow and wrinkled. The sprout is Shuqi. When harvesting, one must collect both the root and the sprout together for the medicinal efficacy to be complete. Its nature strongly dislikes dampness; upon harvesting, it must be sun-dried immediately. If dried properly, it remains greenish-white and usable; otherwise, it turns black and rots. Those from Yidu and Jianping have fine, solid roots resembling chicken bones, which are of the highest quality. Those from Haizhou have leaves resembling *Catalpa bungei* (Qiuye) leaves, blooming red and white in the eighth lunar month, smaller than *Melia azedarach* (Shanlian). Additionally, there is a variety in Tiantai called "Tuchangshan," whose sprouts and leaves are sweet and cool, quite palatable, but it is not of the same species. Processing methods: If using Shuqi, remove the root temporarily, mix with Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), moisten with water, and steam. Remove the Gancao, finely chop, then mix again with Gancao juice, steam, sun-dry, and use. If using Changshan, remove the sprout temporarily, soak in wine overnight, take out, sun-dry, roast, and pound. Changshan fears Yuzha (Realgar).
Shuqi
[Interpretation] Says: Enduring without migration is called "Chang" (Constant/Long-lasting); disseminating Qi and dispersing growth is called "Shan" (Mountain). Essentially, it takes "stopping" as its substance and "moving" as its function, hence also known as Hucao (Mutual Grass). Regarding the treatment of Shanghan and Wen Nue, its substance appears like "stopping," while its manifestation in treating alternating cold and heat appears like "moving." As for treating Gui Du and phlegm accumulation in the chest causing vomiting and rebellious Qi, it is similarly stopping yet moving, and moving yet stopping. The sprout is called Shuqi. "Shu" implies uniqueness/solitude; "Qi" implies water drainage wanting to stay. Thus, their functions are identical, differing only slightly in internal/external and upper/lower applications.
(Compare with Shigao [Gypsum Fibrosum]: one can understand the difference in their powers. Shigao's "stopping" has the meaning of coagulation/congealing, while its "moving" has the meaning of dispersing; Changshan's "stopping" has the meaning of remaining/staying...)