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[Recorded in Bie Lu, Lower Grade]
【Flavor and Nature】Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
【Indications】Primarily treats fever and thirst caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage). Chen Cangqi stated: Applied externally to treat infantile head sores; for treating constipation, insert a reed tube three cun into the anus and irrigate with bile, resulting in immediate bowel movement.
【Analysis】It is said: The pig corresponds to the Pig (Shi) trigram in the I Ching; its nature tends downward, bowing its head, and prefers low, damp, and filthy environments. When rain is imminent, it enters water to wade, classifying it as a Water animal. Among the Twelve Earthly Branches, Hai corresponds to the Pig, hence the character "Hai" resembles the shape of a pig. Since one Yin qi arises at Wu hour and reaches completion of six Yin qis at Hai hour, people worry about its lack of Yang. Therefore, as an animal, the pig belongs to the "Pig" category; in terms of Qi, it corresponds to the "Hai" branch, aligning with Water, capable of controlling its kind (referring to specific Five Element interactions). The female is called "Pin" or "Zhi"; the male is called "Mu" or "Feng". The skin, flesh, blood, sinews, bones, marrow, brain, viscera, fat, membranes, head, bladder, testicles, hanging hooves, earwax, and ropes used for binding are all utilized in medicine. As for other parts of the pig...

[Recorded in Bie Lu, Lower Grade]
【Flavor and Nature】Slightly cold, slightly toxic.
【Indications】Treats hernia (Huxian) in adults and children, as well as abdominal distension (Dingxi) in infants who cannot walk by age three.
【Analysis】It is said: Spiders are found everywhere. They are grayish-brown with spots, have spiky hairs, prominent eyes, large mouths, six legs, and large abdomens. Their claws and teeth are sharp, and their bite is highly venomous. Their urine landing on a person can cause sores. There are fine ridges under the abdomen, from which silk is extruded internally. They spin webs in the corners of eaves, fence heads, and alleys, spinning clockwise in the air. The web has twenty-four warp threads and seventy-two weft threads. When insects touch the web, the spider extrudes silk to bind them tightly before consuming them. *Pi Ya* states: Spiders spin silk to catch flying insects; how can human strategies surpass this? Placing swept webs in the collar teaches skill and forgetfulness of cunning. For medicinal use, only spiders hanging like fish nets are used, also known as [specific term]. Those with red spots are named "Luo Xin Fu" and are used by alchemists. Others are not collected; there are many species with varying sizes and colors. *Erya* divides them into four types: Spider, Grass Spider, Earth Spider, and Xiao Shao. Their bites are very venomous, often recorded in classics. According to Liu Yuxi's *Chuanxin Fang*: Magistrate Zhang Yanshang was bitten on the neck by a spotted spider. Overnight, two red veins wrapped around his neck down to the chest, causing his head and face to swell to the size of several dou, nearly fatal. Someone used indigo juice mixed with musk and realgar, added a spider to it, which dissolved into water. Dabbing this on the bite cured him in two days. In the 10th year of Zhenyuan, Yuanwai Cui Congzhi was bitten by a spider, causing his abdomen to swell like a pregnant woman. A monk advised drinking taro milk, after which he recovered in a few days. Li Jiang's *Bingbu Shouji* records: Spider bites cause widespread sores; drinking good wine until drunk causes the insect to exit the flesh like millet grains. Liu Yu's *Xiyu Ji* records: In Chimu'er City, there is a spider-like insect; if it bites someone, it causes irritability and thirst, leading to death if water is drunk. Drinking wine until drunk induces vomiting, resolving the toxicity. Yuan Zhen's *Changqing Ji* records: Spiders in Bazhong are large and venomous; severe cases involve the body moving inches and legs extending several times their length, killing bamboo and wood caught in the web. Human bites cause intense pain and itching; applying realgar mixed with vinegar helps, and using a mouse-eating worm that consumes the silk promotes healing. Preparation: Fire-roasted until charred is best.
【Analysis】It is said: Spiders spray and spin silk, rotating clockwise, weaving webs to catch flying insects, killing upon contact, reflecting the principle of the earth suppressing Yin through Yang. The *I Ching* says: Knotting ropes into nets for hunting and fishing is derived from the Li (Fire) trigram. The Image commentary states: Light following light is Li, symbolizing the virtue of fire illuminating the four directions. Guarding gates and beating watches to await violent guests is derived from the Yu (Thunder) trigram. The Image commentary states: Thunder emerging from the earth inspires kings to create music and honor virtue, offering sacrifices to Heaven and ancestors, representing the virtue of wood. Thus, the Sage created the *I Ching* by observing heaven above, earth below, and the patterns of birds and beasts, extracting materials from all things. Zhang Zhongjing's two treatises are the ancestors of formulas. Spider combined with Cinnamon Twig (Gui Zhi), forming Spider Powder (Zhizhu San), primarily treats Yin Hernia (Yin Huxian), where gas shifts unevenly in size, moving up and down, disturbing the abdomen and heart. It completely eliminates these disturbances, restraining wildness and cutting off resistance. Tao Hongjing followed ancestral formulas to compile *Bie Lu*, expanding indications to treat infants unable to walk at age three. Generally, Heaven's way rotates left, generating Yang and growing Yin; Earth's way rotates right, suppressing Yin through Yang. Earth corresponds to Kun, adapting to boundless earth, following Heaven's strength. Regarding infantile abdominal distension, this is a change due to rich diet, easily washed away.