纲目作木绵、俗呼棉花。
甘温。治血崩金疮。（白绵或布、烧灰。）子油、辛热微毒。治恶疮疥癣。然灯损目。有
草木
二种。（草本出南番、宋末始入江南、今则遍及江北与中州矣、不蚕而绵、不麻而布、利被
天下、其益大哉、木本出交州永昌等处。）
甘凉。治痔漏下血。赤白下痢。崩中。赤白带下。（分赤白用。）子治肠风泻血。赤白痢。
崩
中带下。（炒用。）苗治疮痔及血病。以花状命名。
补阴。
辛寒补阴。治吐血衄血。生江浙田塍间。一茎直上。叶对节生。如元宝向上。或三四层。
或
五六层。
泻热。
苦大寒。治咽喉急闭。（捣汁灌之、立效。）一名过冬青。生田塍间。如天名精而小。叶
布地
生。无枝梗。四时不雕。雪天开小白花。
泻热。
甘苦寒。治咽喉急闭。（捣汁、入米醋少许灌之、吐痰立苏。）一名千年 。子可催生。
一名糯米饭草。润、补肺。
甘平。润燥补肺。和中益胃。治劳伤肺气。吐血咳嗽。（不论根茎花叶、捣汁熬膏、入
上白
蜜、炼稠、贮瓷器、随时服。）又名 草。用花尤良。（花味甚甘、儿童常采以 其汁、故
名。）
通、利水。
甘淡寒。利小便。（小便利、则心火因之而清、故能兼除烦热。）有走无守。孕妇禁服。
春生
。苗高数寸。细茎绿叶。俨如竹。秋结小长穗。（根苗捣汁、和米作酒曲、甚芳烈。）
*Bencao Gangmu* records it as *Mumian*, commonly known as cotton.
Sweet and warm. Treats metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding) and golden wounds (traumatic injuries). (Burn white cotton or cotton cloth to ash.) Seed oil: pungent, hot, slightly toxic. Treats malignant sores, scabies, and tinea. However, burning its lamp damages the eyes.
There are two types: herbaceous and arboreal. (The herbaceous type originates from the Southern Seas; it entered Jiangnan at the end of the Song Dynasty and is now widespread in Jiangbei and Zhongzhou. It provides silk without silkworms and cloth without hemp, benefiting the world greatly. The arboreal type originates from Jiaozhou and Yongchang.)
Sweet and cool. Treats hemorrhoidal fistulas with bleeding. Dysentery with red and white discharge. Metrorrhagia. Leukorrhea with red and white discharge. (Select based on whether the discharge is red or white.) Seeds treat intestinal wind with bloody stool. Dysentery with red and white discharge. Metrorrhagia with leukorrhea. (Use after stir-frying.) Sprouts treat sores, hemorrhoids, and blood diseases. Named for the shape of its flowers.
Nourishes Yin.
Pungent and cold. Nourishes Yin. Treats hematemesis (vomiting blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed). Grows between field ridges in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. A single stem grows straight up. Leaves grow oppositely at nodes. Shaped like an ingot facing upward. Arranged in three to four layers, or five to six layers.
Drains Heat.
Bitter and very cold. Treats acute closure of the throat. (Crush and extract juice for administration; immediate effect.) Also known as *Guodongqing*. Grows between field ridges. Smaller than *Tianmingjing* (*Sonchus oleraceus*). Leaves grow flat on the ground. Without branches or stems. Evergreen throughout the four seasons. Blooms small white flowers during snowy weather.
Drains Heat.
Sweet and bitter, cold. Treats acute closure of the throat. (Crush and extract juice, add a little rice vinegar for administration; vomiting phlegm leads to immediate recovery.) Also known as *Qiannian [Yi]*. Seeds can facilitate childbirth.
Also known as *Nuomifancao*. Moistening, tonifies Lung.
Sweet and neutral. Moistens dryness and tonifies Lung. Harmonizes middle jiao and benefits Stomach. Treats lung qi injury due to overwork. Hematemesis and cough. (Regardless of root, stem, flower, or leaf, crush and extract juice, decoct into paste, add premium white honey, refine until thick, store in porcelain vessels, take as needed.) Also known as [Yi]cao. Using flowers is particularly effective. (Flowers taste very sweet; children often collect them for their juice, hence the name.)
Unblocks, promotes urination.
Sweet and bland, cold. Promotes diuresis. (When urination becomes smooth, Heart Fire is cleared thereby, thus it can also eliminate vexation and heat.) Its action moves outward without retaining. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Grows in spring. Seedlings are several inches high. Thin stems with green leaves. Resembling bamboo. Bears small, long spikes in autumn. (Roots and seedlings crushed for juice, mixed with rice to make yeast starter, very fragrant and potent.)