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Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus)
It can unblock the diaphragm and broaden the chest. Its flavor is pungent and bitter, its nature is cold; it breaks qi stagnation. It moves phlegm and expels water, harmonizes the middle jiao, and transforms food accumulation, entering the Yangming channel. (Zhi Qiao also belongs to the citrus family. When the Zhi tree crosses north of the Huai River, it produces Zhi; when it grows south, it produces Ju (orange). This is due to geographical factors, resulting in different properties, flavors, and therapeutic indications. Zhi Qiao is the larger variety of Zhi Shi. It tastes pungent and bitter and is cold in nature, specializing in breaking qi stagnation. When qi flows smoothly, the chest and diaphragm become clear, phlegm moves, water dissipates, the Triple Burner becomes open and smooth, and pathogenic heat is eliminated. If one wishes to restrain its drying nature and enhance its digestive guidance, it can be used after being charred black.)

Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus)
Its properties and flavor are the same as Zhi Qiao, but its efficacy is more potent than that of the older fruit. It purges phlegm and breaks accumulations; Cheng Qi Tang relies on it to lead the way. It guides water downward and moves blood stasis; Jingui Yaolue utilizes it to direct pathogens downward. It is a severe agent for treating fullness and hardness in the epigastrium, and a divine pill for attacking qi branch accumulations. (Zhi Shi is the immature fruit of Zhi Qiao, similar to the relationship between Qing Pi and Chen Pi. Their properties, flavors, and therapeutic indications are all the same, but their potency is quite fierce. Therefore, breaking accumulations, moving blood, digesting food, and resolving phlegm all rely on it to support qi movement. It may be used together with tonifying herbs or simultaneously with purgative herbs, depending on the practitioner's application.)

Shi Nan Ye (Rhododendri Daurici Folium)
Enters the Kidney channel and is good at dispersing wind pathogens. Its flavor is pungent and bitter, its nature is neutral, and it is toxic; this must be noted. It assists yang and overcomes damp pathogens, reaching every part of the sinews, bones, and flesh. (Shi Nan Ye grows on rocks in mountain valleys. The trees all face the sun, hence the name. Another theory states that the Zhen bird rests on these trees, or that vipers are underneath, hence the belief in toxicity. Locals call it a "wind herb," so it is effective for treating wind disorders. Its leaves resemble those of Loquat Leaf (Pi Pa Ye), but lack hairs on the back, appearing smooth and unwrinkled. Ben Cao Jing states it nourishes Kidney Qi; Ming Yi Bie Lu says long-term consumption by women induces thoughts of men. These are merely because it has the function of assisting yang. However, such pungent, bitter, and toxic substances should only be used to treat wind-cold-bi obstruction. Once the pathogen is expelled, the sinews and bones become flexible, and the Liver and Kidneys are stabilized. One should not consider it a tonic and take it fondly or continuously.)