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Bitter and cool, with a sinking and descending nature, it promotes urination, unblocks the intestines to relieve constipation, and drains heat toxins.

Sweet and cold, it resolves summerheat, clears heat, and facilitates urination; however, excessive consumption damages the spleen and aids dampness.

Sweet and cold, it clears summerheat and harmonizes the middle jiao (middle burner); however, excessive consumption depletes yang qi, causing abdominal distension, which can be resolved by consuming warm ginger wine.

Bitter and sweet, slightly cold, it regulates the upper diaphragm, directs qi downward, aids digestion, eliminates phlegm-heat, relieves irritability and thirst, clears the head and eyes, awakens from drowsiness, refreshes the spirit, resolves alcohol toxicity, and detoxifies food greasiness and roasted/fried foods. It stops headache due to phlegm-jue, treats dysentery when decocted with ginger, and also resolves summerheat.

[Substance] prepared by burying tea powder in soil and then boiling: bitter and astringent, slightly cold, it clears heat in the upper diaphragm, transforms phlegm, generates fluids, stops bleeding, absorbs dampness, and is applied topically for sores and swelling.

Sweet, cold, and slippery, it aids digestion, attacks accumulation, removes excess heat in the chest, and can even corrode copper.

Sweet and neutral, it expels latent wind and wind-heat, benefits the intestines, and treats metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, and jaundice-like conditions.

Sweet and cold, it relieves irritability and heat, dissipates nodules, descends blood stasis, and stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea.

Sweet and cold, it clears heat, opens the nine orifices, benefits the intestines, induces abortion (slippery to the fetus), and treats dysentery. Contraindicated to eat with turtle meat. The seeds dispel liver wind and pathogenic heat, and brighten the eyes.

Sour and cold, it disperses blood, dispels wind, kills parasites, benefits the intestines, facilitates childbirth, and treats sores. Also contraindicated with turtle meat. The seeds brighten the eyes.

Sweet and cold, it benefits the stomach and intestines and removes irritability and heat.

Sweet and cold, it clears heat and benefits the water passages.

This refers to the root of *Cucumis melo* var. *melo* (Tu Gua Gen). Bitter and cold, it drains heat, promotes urination, moves blood, lubricates the intestines, and treats epidemic heat diseases. Its main actions are similar to those of Trichosanthis Radix (Gualou), but it is suitable only for cases of excess heat stagnation.

Pungent and slightly cold, it drains heat and resolves toxicity, treating sores and malaria (or cutting off parasitic diseases).

Bitter and pungent, neutral, it drains heat, promotes urination, brightens the eyes, resolves toxicity, and is applied externally for carbuncles and sores. The root resolves alcohol toxicity and is applied for heat toxicity. The leaves aid digestion and direct qi downward.

Sweet, salty, cold, and slippery, it removes sudden heat and promotes urination; it can also be clarified into starch for food.

Sweet and salty, cold, it moistens and dissolves hard, stubborn phlegm-heat, dissipates goiters, tumors, and accumulations, treats irritability and heat, and nourishes yin qi.

Salty, cold, and purgative, it resolves various toxicities from medicines, food, scalds, and burns. It is best used with bean paste.

Pungent and salty, very cold, it treats epidemic heat with high fever.

Sweet and cold, it dissipates knotting heat, dispels wind, and unblocks painful urinary dysfunction (lin syndrome). Use the male variety.

Bitter and pungent, cold, it is toxic and should not be eaten. White horse urine is pungent and cold, kills parasites, and dissipates mass accumulations (zheng ji).

Pungent and neutral, it kills parasites, brightens the eyes, resolves toxicity, and treats consumptive disease with malnutrition (lao gan), sores, and hemorrhoids. The meat cools blood, resolves heat toxicity, and benefits the intestines.