(Lishu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it tonifies deficiency and consumptive disorders.
(Guiyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it boosts qi and strength.
(Jiyu) Sweet and warm in nature. Most fish belong to the Fire element, but Jiyu alone belongs to the Earth element; it harmonizes the Stomach, solidifies the intestines, and promotes water metabolism.
(Liyu) Sweet and warm in nature, it regulates the Stomach, assists the Spleen, benefits the five Zang organs, and when eaten with mustard greens, aids Lung Qi and dispels Wind from the Stomach.
(Qingyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it opens the appetite and benefits the five Zang organs; it has no incompatibilities with various herbs.
(Huangsangyu) Sweet and warm in nature, it warms the Stomach and harmonizes the Middle Jiao, but may induce sores.
(Nianyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it boosts qi and strength, treating Hong Kong foot (weakness of the legs). Its gallbladder is bitter and cold, clearing heat, treating eye diseases and throat obstruction, and relieving fishbone impaction.
(Heiyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it directs water downward and promotes urination. Its gallbladder is bitter and cold, brightening the eyes. Its bone treats fishbone impaction.
(Daiyu) Sweet and cold in nature, it dispels Wind, directs water downward, and moistens the intestines. Its gallbladder is bitter and sweet, treating throat obstruction.
(Wuzeyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it expands the chest and strengthens the Stomach.
(Moyu) Sweet and neutral in nature, it warms the center, boosts qi, revives from intoxication, and aches hemorrhoids.
(Haiman) Sweet and neutral in nature, it tonifies deficiency, dispels Wind, kills parasites, and treats bone-steaming consumption; its effects are similar to Haiman itself.
(Jiayu) Sweet and warm in nature, it pushes out toxins for smallpox, strengthens the Yang pathway, but stirs phlegm-Wind and triggers Wind-Heat.
(Shayu) Sweet, salty, and neutral in nature, it dispels Wind and kills parasites.
(Xunyu) Sweet, salty, and neutral in nature, it tonifies deficiency, removes vexation and heat, and primarily treats cold dysentery.
(Raoyu) Sweet, salty, and slightly warm in nature, it directs Qi downward, harmonizes the Middle Jiao, benefits the five Zang organs, and eliminates retained food.
(Bayu) Sweet, salty, and neutral in nature, it enriches essence and moistens the Zang and Fu organs.
(Hetun) Pungent and warm in nature, it warms the center, repels malignancy, and treats cold-damp dental caries.
(Mangcao) Resembling a bayberry but larger, with long, sharp thorns, it emits a faint yet clear and potent fragrance when smoked by fire. As its name suggests, it is suitable as a guide herb in exterior-releasing formulas. It is not recorded in ancient texts but is widely used in recent times.
Danshen) Sweet and neutral in nature, it invigorates blood and stops bleeding, treating contusions and metal wounds using the root.
Baizhi) Pungent and warm in nature, its aromatic quality harmonizes the middle and repels malignancy.
Mianhua) Sweet and warm in nature, it treats metrorrhagia and metal wounds; cotton or cloth is burned to ash for use. The flower oil, i.e., Gossypii Semen Oil, is pungent, hot, and slightly toxic; it treats sores and scabies but damages the eyes.
Jinyinhua) Sweet and neutral in nature, it clears heat and detoxifies, nourishes blood, treats wind, bloody dysentery, sore toxins, and abdominal distension. Its nature is extremely neutral, requiring frequent use for efficacy. The vine leaves are named Rendong Ye (Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis et Folium), with identical properties.
Banlangen/Daqingye type) Bitter and slightly cold in nature, it resolves toxicity of pathogenic heat, removes blood stasis, softens hardness, and kills parasites. Soaking it in a water vat and drinking this water daily can resolve seasonal epidemics.
Weilingxian) Pungent, sweet, and cold in nature, it resolves all types of toxicity, drives down impacted bones, but rapidly damages teeth.
Qinjiao) Bitter and pungent, slightly warm in nature, it treats rheumatic spasms and bi-syndrome pain; it should be processed by roasting.
Qianghuo) Bitter and pungent, warm in nature, it dispels wind-damp, treats cephalalgia due to Wind and carbuncles/swellings; it should be processed before use.