\r金屑\ph23.bmp\r，生益州。银屑，生永昌。陶隐居注云∶金之所生，处处皆有，梁、
益、宁三州多有，
出水沙中，作屑谓之生金。而银所出处，亦与金同，但皆生石中耳。苏恭以为银之与金，生
不同处。金又出水中。陈藏器云∶生金是毒蛇屎，常见人取金，掘地深丈余，至纷子石，石
皆一头黑焦，石下有金，大者如指，小犹若麻豆，色如桑黄，咬时极软，即是真金。麸金出
水沙中，毡上淘取，或鹅鸭腹中得之。注以陈说为非是。然今饶、信、南剑、登州出金处，
采得金亦多端，或有若山石状者，或有若米豆粒者，若此类未经火，皆可为生金。其银在矿
中，则与铜相杂，土人采得之，必以铅再三煎炼方成，故不得为生银也。故下别有生银条云
∶出饶州、乐平诸坑生银矿中，状如硬锡，纹理粗错自然者真。今坑中所得，乃在土石中，
渗溜成条，若丝发状，土人谓之老翁须，似此者极难得。方书用生银，必得此乃真耳，金屑
古方不见用者，银屑惟葛洪治痈肿五石汤用之。今人弥不用，惟作金银薄入药甚便，又金石
凌、红雪、紫雪辈，皆取金银取汁，此亦通用经炼者耳。
Gold Dust (Jin Xie), produced in Yizhou. Silver Flakes (Yin Xie), produced in Yongchang. Tao Hongjing (Tao Yinju) annotated: The sources of gold are found everywhere, particularly abundant in Liangzhou, Yizhou, and Ningzhou. It is extracted from river sand; when it appears as fragments, it is called raw gold (Sheng Jin). The sources of silver are similar to those of gold, but they are embedded within stone ores. Su Gong believed that the origins of silver and gold differ. Gold is also found in water. Chen Cangqi stated: Raw gold is actually the feces of venomous snakes. It is commonly observed that when people mine for gold, they dig more than one zhang deep into the ground until reaching "Fenzi" stones. These stones are blackened and scorched on one end, with gold located beneath them. The gold pieces vary in size, from as large as a finger to as small as hemp seeds. Their color resembles mulberry yellow; they are extremely soft when bitten, indicating genuine gold. Bran-like gold (Fu Jin) is found in river sands, collected by washing over felt, or obtained from the stomachs of geese and ducks. Chen Cangqi noted that these descriptions are incorrect. However, in current gold-producing areas such as Raozhou, Xinzhou, Nanjianzhou, and Dengzhou, the mined gold comes in various forms: some resemble mountain rocks, others look like rice or bean grains. Those unrefined by fire can all be considered raw gold. Silver found within ore deposits is often mixed with copper. Local miners must smelt it repeatedly with lead to refine it into silver; therefore, it cannot be classified as raw silver. Hence, a separate entry for raw silver states: Raw silver is sourced from mines in Raozhou and Leping. Genuine raw silver resembles hard tin, featuring naturally coarse and interlaced textures. What is currently obtained from pits is seeped and flowed within earth and stone, forming thread-like strands resembling hair, locally known as "Old Man's Beard." Such specimens are extremely rare. Medical texts require this specific form for the use of raw silver. Gold dust is rarely used in ancient prescriptions; silver flakes were only utilized in Ge Hong’s Five-Stone Decoction (Wushi Tang) for treating carbuncles and swellings. Contemporary practitioners seldom use them, preferring instead to process gold and silver into thin foils (Jinyin Bo) for medicinal convenience. Additionally, preparations such as Jinshi Ling, Red Snow (Hongxue), and Purple Snow (Zixue) utilize juices extracted from gold and silver, which are generally refined materials.
Silver Flakes (Yin Xie), see details under the entry for Gold Dust (Jin Xie).
Raw Silver (Sheng Yin), see details under the entry for Gold Dust (Jin Xie).