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Clearing fire, detoxifying, dissipating blood stasis, and resolving phlegm.
Bitter, cold, and toxic. It can purge excess fire; when the fire is reduced, blood circulation disperses, swelling subsides, and phlegm nodules resolve spontaneously. Therefore, it can eliminate old blood in the Heart and Spleen, and move accumulated phlegm in the Taiyin (Lung, Spleen) and Jueyin (Liver) meridians.

It is a key herb for treating throat obstruction (obstruction and pain in the throat due to qi and phlegm stagnation) and sore throat (crushed juice mixed with vinegar, held in the mouth to induce salivation. *Qianjin Fang*: For treating throat obstruction, there is Wushan Ointment). It treats scrofula, abdominal masses, and hernias, as well as anal abscesses and splenomegaly due to malaria (used in Biejia Jian Wan for treating splenomegaly due to malaria, all relying on its ability to descend Jueyin ministerial fire). It unblocks menstrual obstruction, promotes bowel movement, calms the Liver, and brightens the eyes.

It is the root of the Iris flower (leaves spread horizontally like crow feathers and fans, hence another name Wu Shan [Crow Fan], Wu Lan). Soak in rice water for one day, then boil with bamboo leaves for half a day before use.

Also known as Qian Jin Zi (Euphorbia Lathyris Seed).
Purging, promoting water metabolism, breaking blood stasis, and detoxifying.
Acrid, warm, and toxic. Promotes water metabolism and breaks blood stasis.

Treats abdominal masses, phlegm-fluid retention, cold qi causing distension and fullness, gu poison, and ghost treading diseases. Benefits the Large and Small Intestines, expels foul stagnant matter, and is applied topically for scabies and tinea infections (used in Yushu Dan, effective for many diseases. *Jingshu* states: This is the function of using toxicity to treat toxicity).

Remove the shell, select the white ones, press to remove the oil, and use the residue (Shizhen said: Xuisui Zi, Daji, Zeqi, and Gansui have similar stems and leaves and similar therapeutic effects. They excel at promoting urination; if used correctly, they are all important herbs).

Also known as Li Shi (Vicia Sativa Seed).
Clearing damp-heat and detoxifying.
Sweet and neutral.

Treats cold hernia, throat obstruction, carbuncles, sores, boils, women's blood and qi disorders causing vexation and oppression, blood syncope, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Benefits the Large and Small Intestines. Long-term use causes diarrhea.
Grows in clusters, leaves resemble Allium tuberosum but are longer and thicker, forming pod-like fruits the size of hemp seeds, red with ridges. Stir-fry before use. For treating hernias, mix with vinegar. Roots and leaves have the same efficacy.

Purging, opening orifices, drawing out toxins, and expelling tangible stagnant matter.
Acrid and bitter, toxic. Its nature is good at contracting but also good at moving. It can open various orifices and meridians.

Treats hemiplegia and facial paralysis (make into a paste. Apply to the right side if the left is paralyzed, and vice versa, which stops the deviation), trismus, nasal congestion, and deafness (crush, wrap in cotton, insert into ears and nose), throat obstruction and tongue swelling (make paper from the oil, burn it to smoke, and fumigate). It can promote diuresis, treat edema due to water retention (grind and take orally. It should cause the passage of greenish-yellow fluid; strong individuals should only take five grains). It can expel tangible stagnant matter. Treats needles embedded in flesh (crush and apply to the wound, check frequently, remove the medicine once the needle is extracted, lest healthy tissue be pushed out), fish or wood bones stuck in the throat (1 liang of Ricinus Communis Seed, 2 liang of Ning Shui Shi [Calcitum], grind evenly. Take a pinch, place at the root of the tongue, hold and swallow, and the bone will naturally disappear), retained placenta (one grain of Ricinus Communis Seed, one grain of Croton Tiglium Seed, 1 fen of Moschus, apply to the umbilicus and soles of the feet; remove after delivery. If the uterus prolapses, make an ointment and apply to the crown of the head, and it will retract). It can draw out pus and toxins, and is applied externally for scrofula and malignant sores, often achieving miraculous results (Pelican oil can guide medicinal qi inward. Ricinus Communis oil can draw qi outward, thus many plasters use it). However, it has hot toxicity, and its aroma and flavor are quite close to Croton Tiglium Seed; internal use should not be rash (remove skin, soak in Coptis Chinensis decoction, swallow one to three or four grains with the soaking water every morning, to treat severe leprosy and scabies).

Shape resembles a cattle tick, yellow-brown with spots. Boil in salt water, remove skin, grind, or use the oil. Avoid iron (After eating Ricinus Communis Seed, one must never eat roasted beans for life; violating this rule causes fatal bloating).