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[Qiushi (Refined Human Urine)]
Nourishes Kidney Water, moistens the Sanjiao (Triple Burner).
Salty and warm. It nourishes Kidney Yin, moistens the Sanjiao, nourishes the Dantian (Elixir Field), stabilizes the Zang organs, alleviates bone-steaming tidal fever, and softens hard masses. It treats consumptive coughing, turbid urine, and seminal emission; it is a sacred medicine for nourishing Yin and descending fire. If the decoction and refining process is improper, or if taken in excess or incorrectly, it may instead cause dryness and thirst (since salty substances enter the blood level, and after refining, they contain warm qi, which causes deficient Yang to flare up recklessly, thereby further depleting True Yin). *Mengquan* states: Collect child's urine monthly; for each vat, use seven qian of gypsum, stir with mulberry branches to clarify, and pour off the clear liquid, repeating this two or three times. Then add dew from autumn to stir and clarify (hence the name "Autumn Stone"). Repeat this several times until impurities are clean and salinity is reduced. Spread heavy paper on ash, dry in the sun, scrape off the heavy and turbid parts at the bottom, and take the light and clear part as Qiushi. Modern physicians do not collect during autumn but mix and collect human urine at any time, clarifying and drying with soap pod water, termed "Yin Refining," or using fire, termed "Yang Refining." This completely loses the correct method; how can it treat diseases? Moreover, after fire refining, the nature becomes warm. (Grind Qiushi again, put into a jar, cover tightly with an iron lid, seal firmly with salt mud, and perform sublimation/distillation. The substance rising to the top of the lid is named "Qiu Bing" (Autumn Ice). It has a faint taste and fragrance; it is the essence of Qiushi. *Baoshoutang Fang*: Use urine from healthy boys and girls, refine separately into Qiushi, color like snow. Mix evenly, add milk, expose to sun by day and moonlight by night to absorb the essence of sun and moon. When dry, add more milk. Wait until forty-nine days are complete, store, and prepare medicines. *Zhaixuan* says: For swelling, avoid salt; mixing diet with Qiushi is excellent).

[Renzhonghuang (Human Middle Yellow)]
Drains Heat.
Sweet and cold, enters the Stomach meridian. Clears phlegm-fire, resolves food stagnation, and greatly drains excess heat from the five Zang organs. Treats epidemic febrile diseases causing mania, blood-heat in smallpox/variolous eruptions, and dark, depressed lesions that fail to rise. Put powder of Licorice Root (*Gancao*) into a bamboo tube, plug the hole tightly, and immerse it in a dung pit during winter. Retrieve it in spring, wash, hang in a ventilated place to dry in shade, and use the Licorice Root (sometimes Soap Pod powder is used; the bamboo must have its green skin shaved off). Another view holds that it refers to the yellow sediment accumulated over many years in a dung pit, used retaining its original nature.

[Fenqing (Feces Clear Liquid)]
Also known as Jinzhi (Golden Juice).
Drains Fire-Heat.
Main indications are the same as Renzhonghuang. Use brown cotton paper, spread yellow earth on top, drip fecal matter to filter out the juice, pour into a new urn, cover with a bowl, and bury in the earth for one year. It should be clear as spring water and completely free of foul odor. The older it is, the better (Residual feces from wild areas settle into the soil; sifted and applied to carbuncles and sores, it feels like ice against the back).