气味苦甘温，无毒。主治痈疽恶疮，头疮白秃，疥瘙风气，安五脏，除热。久服轻身
，不老延年。
（松木之脂，俗名松香，处处山中有之，其木修耸多节，其皮粗浓有鳞，其叶有两鬣、
五鬣
、七鬣，其花蕊为松黄，结实状如猪心，木之余气结为茯苓，松脂入土，年深化成琥珀。其
脂以通明如熏陆香颗者为胜，乃服食辟谷之品，神仙不老之妙药也。熬化滤过即为沥青。）
松脂生于松木之中，禀木质而有火土金水之用。气味苦温，得火气也。得火气，故治肌
肉之
痈，经脉之疽，以及阴寒之恶疮。入土成珀，坚洁如金，裕金气也。裕金气，故治头疡白秃
，以及疥瘙之风气。色黄臭香，味苦而甘，备土气也。备土气，故安五脏。木耐岁寒，经冬
不凋，具水气也。具水气，故除热。久服则五运全精，故轻身，不老延年。
气味苦温，无毒。主治百邪，久风，风虚脚痹，疼痛，酿酒，主脚软骨节风。（《别录》
附。）
别名松黄，气味甘温，无毒。主润心肺，益气，除风，止血，亦可酿酒。（《本草纲目》
附。）
气味甘平，无毒。主治胸胁逆气，忧恚惊邪，恐悸，心下结痛，寒热，烦满，咳逆，
口焦舌干，利小便。久服安魂养神，不饥延年。
（茯苓生大山古松根下，有赤白二种。下有茯苓，则上有灵气如丝之状，山中人亦时见
之。《史记·龟策传》作茯苓谓松之神灵，伏结而成。小者如拳，大者如斗，外皮皱黑，内
质光白，以坚实而大者为佳。）
茯苓，本松木之精华，藉土气以结成，故气味甘平，有土位中央而枢机旋转之功。禀木
气而
枢转，则胸胁之逆气可治也。禀土气而安五脏，则忧恚惊恐悸之邪可平也。里气不和，则心
下结痛。表气不和，则为寒为热。气郁于上，上而不下，则烦满咳逆，口焦舌干。气逆于下
，交通不表，则小便不利。茯苓位于中土，灵气上荟，主内外旋转，上下交通，故皆治之。
久服安肝藏之魂，以养心藏之神。木生火也，不饥延年，土气盛也。
[Flavor, Nature, and Indications]
The flavor is bitter and sweet, the nature is warm, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats carbuncles, ulcers, and malignant sores; head sores and tinea capitis (white baldness); scabies, itching, and wind-pathogens; calms the five zang organs; and clears heat. Long-term consumption lightens the body, prevents aging, and prolongs life.
(Pine resin is the oil of the pine tree, commonly known as rosin, found in mountains everywhere. The pine tree is tall and slender with many knots; its bark is rough, thick, and scaly; its needles grow in bundles of two, five, or seven; the stamens are called Songhuang (Pine Pollen); the fruit resembles a pig's heart. The residual qi of the wood condenses to form Poria cocos (Fuling), while pine resin that enters the soil over years transforms into amber. Among these, the transparent pieces resembling olibanum (frankincense) are superior. It is a substance for fasting and avoiding grains, and a miraculous medicine for immortality. When melted and filtered, it becomes asphalt.)
Pine resin grows within the pine tree, inheriting the properties of wood while possessing the functions of fire, earth, metal, and water. Its bitter and warm flavor indicates it has absorbed the qi of fire. Because it absorbs the qi of fire, it treats muscle carbuncles, meridian ulcers, and malignant sores of the yin-cold type. When entering the soil to become amber, hard and pure like gold, it embodies the qi of metal. Because it embodies the qi of metal, it treats head sores, tinea capitis, and wind pathogens causing scabies and itching. Its yellow color and fragrant odor, along with its bitter yet sweet taste, indicate it fully possesses the qi of earth. Because it fully possesses the qi of earth, it calms the five zang organs. The pine tree withstands cold winters without shedding leaves, indicating it possesses the qi of water. Because it possesses the qi of water, it clears heat. Long-term consumption ensures the completeness of the five elemental essences, thus lightening the body, preventing aging, and prolonging life.
[Appendix: Record from Bie Lu]
The flavor is bitter and warm, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats various pathogenic factors, chronic wind, wind-deficiency-induced leg bi-syndrome (impediment syndrome), pain, can be used to brew wine, and treats wind-dampness in the soft tissues and joints of the feet. (From *Bie Lu*, Appendix.)
[Appendix: Songhuang / Pine Pollen]
Also known as Songhuang, the flavor is sweet and warm, and it is non-toxic. It primarily moistens the lungs and heart, tonifies qi, expels wind, stops bleeding, and can also be used to brew wine. (From *Bencao Gangmu*, Appendix.)
[Poria cocos (Fuling)]
The flavor is sweet and neutral, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats rebellious qi in the chest and hypochondrium, fright-evil caused by sorrow and anger, fear and palpitations, knotting and pain below the heart, alternating chills and fever, vexation and fullness, cough and rebellious qi, dry mouth and scorched tongue, and promotes urination. Long-term consumption calms the soul, nourishes the spirit, prevents hunger, and prolongs life.
(Poria cocos grows under the roots of ancient pines in high mountains. There are red and white varieties. Where Poria cocos exists underground, there is often a spiritual phenomenon resembling silk threads above ground, which mountain dwellers occasionally see. *Shiji: Guice Zhuan* describes Poria cocos as the spirit of the pine, lying hidden and condensed. Small ones are fist-sized, large ones are bucket-sized. The outer skin is wrinkled and black, while the inner texture is smooth and white. Those that are solid and large are considered best.)
Poria cocos is essentially the essence of the pine wood, condensed with the aid of earth qi, hence its sweet and neutral flavor. It possesses the function of the earth element residing at the center and rotating the pivot. By inheriting wood qi to rotate the pivot, it treats rebellious qi in the chest and hypochondrium. By inheriting earth qi to calm the five zang organs, it pacifies evil factors such as sorrow, anger, fear, and palpitations. Disharmony of interior qi leads to knotting and pain below the heart. Disharmony of exterior qi manifests as cold or heat. Qi stagnating in the upper part, unable to descend, causes vexation, fullness, cough, rebellious qi, dry mouth, and scorched tongue. Qi rebelling in the lower part, with blocked communication between upper and lower, causes difficulty in urination. Poria cocos resides in the central earth, gathering spiritual qi upwards, governing the rotation of interior and exterior, and the communication between upper and lower; thus, it treats all these conditions. Long-term consumption calms the soul stored in the liver to nourish the spirit stored in the heart. Wood generates fire; the prevention of hunger and extension of life result from the abundance of earth qi.