气味辛温，无毒。主治中风入脑头痛，寒痹，筋挛缓急，金疮，妇人血闭无子。
（芎穷今关陕、川蜀、江南、两浙皆有，而以川产者为胜，故名芎 。清明后宿根生叶，
似水芹而香，七八月开碎白花，结黑子。芎 之外，次则广芎，外有南芎，只可煎汤沐浴，
不堪入药。芎 之叶，名蘼芜，可以煮食，《本经》列于上品。）
芎穷气味辛温，根叶皆香，生于西川，禀阳明秋金之气化。名芎 者，干为天，为金，
芎，芎窿也。 ，穷高也。皆天之象也。主治中风入脑头痛者，芎 禀金气而治风，性上行
而
头脑也。寒痹筋挛缓急者，寒气凝结则痹，痹则筋挛缓急，驰纵曰缓，拘掣曰急。芎 辛散
温行，不但上彻头脑而治风，且从内达外而散寒，故寒痹筋挛，缓急可治也。治金疮者，金
疮从皮肤而伤肌肉，芎 禀阳明金气，能从肌肉而达皮肤也。治妇人血闭无子者，妇人无子
，因于血闭，芎 禀金气而平木，肝血疏通，故有子也。沈括《笔谈》云∶川芎不可久服、
单服，令人暴死。夫川芎乃《本经》中品之药，所以治病者也，有病则服，无病不宜服。服
之而病愈，又不宜多服。若佐补药而使之开导，久服可也。有头脑中风寒痹筋挛之证，单用
可也。遂以暴死加之，谓不可久服、单服，执矣。医执是说，而不能圆通会悟，其犹正墙而
立也与。
The flavor is pungent and warm, non-toxic. It mainly treats headache caused by wind-stroke entering the brain, cold-bi (cold-type obstruction syndrome), spasmodic or flaccid tendons, metallic wounds, and blood obstruction in women leading to infertility.
(Xiongqiong [Ligusticum chuanxiong] is now found in Guan-Shaan, Chuan-Shu, Jiang-Nan, and Liang-Zhe regions, but those produced in Sichuan are superior, hence the name Xiongqiong. After Qingming Festival, perennial roots sprout leaves resembling water celery with a fragrant aroma; in July and August, it blooms with small white flowers and bears black seeds. Besides Xiongqiong, there is Guang-Xiong, and further south Nan-Xiong, which can only be used for bathing decoctions and is unsuitable for internal medicinal use. The leaves of Xiongqiong are named Miwu [Angelica pubescens foliage], which can be boiled for food; Benjing [Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica] lists it in the Upper Grade.)
Xiongqiong has a pungent and warm flavor; both its root and leaves are fragrant. It grows in western Sichuan, inheriting the Qi transformation of Yangming Autumn Metal. The name "Qiong" refers to Heaven and Metal; "Xiong" means dome-like (convex); " " means extremely high. These all symbolize Heaven. It treats headaches from wind-stroke entering the brain because Xiongqiong inherits Metal Qi to treat Wind pathogenic factors, and its nature ascends to reach the head and brain. Cold-bi causing tendon spasms or flaccidity: when Cold Qi condenses, Bi syndrome forms; Bi syndrome leads to tendon spasms or flaccidity. Flaccidity and laxity are called "Huan" (relaxation); contraction and pulling are called "Ji" (spasm). Xiongqiong is pungent to disperse and warm to circulate; not only does it ascend to the head and brain to treat Wind, but it also reaches from the interior to the exterior to dissipate Cold. Therefore, cold-bi, tendon spasms, and conditions of relaxation or spasm can be treated. To treat metallic wounds: metallic wounds injure muscles through the skin; Xiongqiong inherits Yangming Metal Qi, allowing it to reach the skin from the muscle layer. To treat blood obstruction in women leading to infertility: women's infertility is due to blood obstruction; Xiongqiong inherits Metal Qi to pacify Wood Qi (Liver), unblocking Liver Blood, thus enabling conception. Shen Kuo in *Bitan* stated: Chuanxiong should not be taken for a long time or alone, as it causes sudden death. However, Chuanxiong is a Middle-Grade herb in *Benjing*, intended for treating disease; it should be taken when diseased, not when healthy. If the illness is cured after taking it, excessive dosage should still be avoided. If used as an adjuvant to tonifying medicines to facilitate circulation and guidance, long-term use is acceptable. For symptoms such as wind-cold in the head, cold-bi, and tendon spasms, single-use administration is appropriate. Attributing sudden death to it and claiming it cannot be taken long-term or singly is rigid and erroneous. Physicians who cling to this view fail to comprehend it flexibly, akin to standing face-to-face against a wall.]