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[Ru Xiang / Frankincense]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart Meridian (Heart Channel). If dried on earth to remove oil and ground together with Juncus effusus (Dengxin Cao), the powder becomes fine.
It stabilizes pain in all meridians and resolves toxicity in various sores. Invigorates blood, relaxes sinews, harmonizes the middle jiao, and treats dysentery. Its fragrance makes the mouth pleasant and repels bad breath; frequent sucking suffices. For wind-worm toothache, hold in the mouth and chew.
Pain and itching of all sores belong to Heart Fire. Ru Xiang enters the Heart, internally supports and protects the Heart, and externally disseminates toxic vapors, achieving remarkable effects. However, it should not be taken when ulcers have already ulcerated, nor applied externally when there is excessive pus. For cases where sinews cannot extend, adding it to fumigation and washing decoctions is effective. For fishbones stuck in the throat, grind with water and swallow; it often slides down smoothly.

[Mo Yao / Myrrh]
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver Meridian (Liver Channel). Processing method is the same as Ru Xiang.
It disseminates stagnation of blood and qi, and treats pain from rotting sores. It can attack eye nebulae and can cause abortion.
When blood stagnates, qi becomes obstructed, leading to fullness and tension in the meridians, swelling, and pain. Mo Yao is good at unblocking obstruction, harmonizing blood, and removing stasis, thereby allowing blood to flow, qi to circulate freely, and pain to cease.
Pain in bone joints and tendons of the chest and abdomen, if not due to blood stasis but due to blood deficiency; postpartum excessive lochia discharge causing abdominal deficiency pain; and abscesses/ulcers that have already ulcerated are all contraindications according to standard practice.
Ru Xiang偏向 regulating qi, while Mo Yao偏向 dispersing blood; the two are often used together.

[Song Zhi / Pine Resin]
Bitter and sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians. Boil in water until boiling multiple times until white and smooth before use.
Dispels wind from Metal (Lung), clears heat from Earth (Stomach), eliminates pathogenic factors, directs qi downward, strengthens bones, and fortifies sinews. Discharges pus, stops pain, generates flesh, and is used in decocted plasters. For toothache, severe bi-syndrome, and metrorrhagia (abnormal uterine bleeding), grind into powder and taste/suck. For dry throat, suck to dissolve; for deafness, swallow as pills.
Song Zhi is born feeling the Qi of Taiyang (Greater Yang); its drying property removes dampness, and its sweet property clears heat, so it is used extensively in external medicine.
Song Zhi is drying and warm; those with blood deficiency should not take it.

[Bai Xian Pi / Dictamni Cortex]
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Spleen Meridian (Spleen Channel). Adverse interaction with Platycodonis Radix (Jie Geng), Poria (Fu Ling), and Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (Bi Xie).
Mainly treats tendon spasms and necrotic muscle, transforms damp-heat toxic sores. It is a key herb for treating wind-bi syndrome and is excellent for benefiting orifices. Treats jaundice, cough with counterflow qi, strangury, and cures female genital swelling and ulceration.
Earth's dampness affecting the body harms skin, flesh, tendons, and vessels. Bai Xian Pi is good at eliminating damp-heat, thus treating necrotic skin, tendon spasms, and sore toxins.
Individuals with deficiency-cold in the lower jiao should not take it even if they have dampness syndromes.