味辛、性温，无毒。入胃、肾二经。
主腹疼疝气，平霍乱吐逆。
辛香宜胃、温性宜肾，故其主治，不越二经。
怀香辛温，若阳道数举，得热则吐者，均戒。（八角者，名大茴香。小如粟米者
力薄。）
味苦，性热，无毒。入肾、膀胱二经。淘净，酒焙。
元脏虚寒，膀胱疝气。
寒湿成疝，肝疾也。元脏暖，则筋自和而疝愈，此肾肝同治，乙癸同源之理也。
相火炽盛，阴血亏少者禁之。
味苦，性温，无毒。入肝、肾二经。
理气，止痛。治睾丸胀痛，除乳肿腰疼。
实症为宜，虚人不宜多用。
味甘，性温。烧存性。
散滞气，辟寒邪。睾肿消，狐疝回。
胃脘痛，妇人血气痛，用五钱，香附一两，末之，每服二钱，盐汤或米饮下，名蠲痛散。
疝卵肿，酒调一味服。又∶壳，发痘疮。
（见咽喉科）
味酸、性寒，无毒。入心胞、肝二经。畏卤碱。
三焦血瘀，二便燥干。
即凌霄花也。乃手足厥阴血分药。能去血中伏火及血热生风之证。又一阴一阳结之急症
关下
喉痹。便秘者，与乌扇，浙贝、连翘等为伍，其效颇着。
紫葳酸寒。不能益人，走而不守，虚人避之。
（见咽喉科）
即冰片，味辛苦，性微温，无毒。入心、肺、肝三经。
外用能治五官诸病，可引诸药达于深处。内服能开通关窍，驱逐祟邪。善消风而化湿，
使耳
聪而目明。
芳香为百药之冠，香甚者，性温热。善于走窜，入骨搜风，能引火热之气，自外而出。
龙脑入骨，风病在骨髓者，宜也。若风在血脉肌肉，辄用脑麝，又引风入骨，如油
入面
，莫之能出。目不明，属虚者，不宜入点。
Taste pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Enters the Stomach and Kidney meridians.
Primarily treats abdominal pain and hernia (Shan Qi), and calms vomiting and regurgitation caused by Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome).
Its pungent aroma harmonizes the Stomach, and its warm nature warms the Kidneys; therefore, its therapeutic effects do not extend beyond these two meridians.
Huai Xiang (Fennel/Anise from Huai region) is pungent and warm. It is contraindicated for those with frequent erections due to excess Yang, or those who vomit upon exposure to heat. (The variety shaped like an eight-pointed star is Da Hui Xiang / Star Anise; the variety small as millet seeds has weak efficacy.)
Taste bitter, nature hot, non-toxic. Enters the Kidney and Bladder meridians. Must be washed clean and baked with wine.
Treats deficiency-cold of the Yuan Zang (Primordial Organ/Kidney) and Bladder hernia.
Hernia caused by cold-dampness is a Liver disorder. When the Yuan Zang is warmed, the sinews naturally harmonize and the hernia heals; this illustrates the principle of treating the Liver and Kidney together, based on the concept that Yi and Gui share the same source (Liver and Kidney share the same origin).
Contraindicated for those with flourishing Ministerial Fire and deficient Yin blood.
Taste bitter, nature warm, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.
Regulates Qi and relieves pain. Treats distending pain in the testicles, and eliminates breast swelling and lower back pain.
Suitable for Excess patterns; should not be used frequently by patients with Deficiency.
Taste sweet, nature warm. Calcined to retain its properties (burnt to preserve efficacy).
Disperses stagnant Qi and repels Cold pathogens. Reduces testicular swelling and reduces Fox Hernia (intermittent inguinal hernia).
For epigastric pain or women's Qi-Blood pain, use [quantity unclear in text, likely referring to a specific herb not named here but implied by context or error] five qian, combined with Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome) one liang, grind into powder, take two qian per dose, swallowed with salt water or rice drink. This formula is named Juan Tong San (Pain-Relieving Powder).
For hernia causing testicular swelling, mix single ingredient with wine and take. Additionally: The shell promotes the eruption of smallpox.
(See Chapter on Throat Diseases)
Taste sour, nature cold, non-toxic. Enters the Pericardium and Liver meridians. Averse to halogen salts (Lu Jian).
Treats Blood stasis in the Triple Burner and dryness of both urination and defecation.
This is Ling Xiao Hua (Campsis Flower). It is a herb for the Blood aspect of the Hand and Foot Jueyin meridians. It can eliminate latent fire in the Blood and conditions where Blood heat generates Wind. For acute conditions of Guan Xia (obstruction below) caused by the knotting of one Yin and one Yang meridians leading to Hou Bi (throat obstruction), in cases with constipation, it can be combined with Wu Shan (Iris Tectorum), Zhe Bei Mu (Fritillaria Thunbergii Bulb), and Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit), showing significant efficacy.
Zi Wei (Ling Xiao Hua) is sour and cold; it cannot tonify the human body, moves without staying static, and should be avoided by those with Deficiency.
(See Chapter on Throat Diseases)
This is Bing Pian (Borneol). Taste pungent and bitter, nature slightly warm, non-toxic. Enters the Heart, Lung, and Liver meridians.
Externally applied, it treats various diseases of the five sense organs and can guide other herbs to reach deep areas. Internally taken, it opens orifices and expels evil influences. It excels at dissipating Wind and transforming Dampness, making the ears clear and eyes bright.
Aromatic substances are the leaders among all medicines; those with strong aromas have warm-hot natures. They excel at moving and penetrating, entering bones to search out Wind, and can guide Heat-Fire qi to exit from the exterior.
Long Nao (Camphor/Borneol) enters the bones; it is suitable for Wind diseases located in the bone marrow. However, if Wind is in the blood vessels, muscles, and flesh, using Borneol and Musk will instead draw Wind into the bones, like oil penetrating flour, impossible to remove. For blurred vision due to Deficiency, it is unsuitable for eye drops.