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[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, warm, non-toxic. Also possesses sweet and pungent flavors. Its action can ascend and descend; it is yang within yin. It enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, and Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian.

[Indications]
Wind-cold-damp bi syndrome (painful obstruction caused by wind, cold, and damp pathogens). Eliminates phlegm-fluids and water retention, warms the stomach, promotes digestion of grains, and increases appetite. Treats epidemic febrile diseases and miasma in mountainous areas. Because it has a vigorous ascending qi, it can dispel dampness and stabilize the Taiyin (Spleen) below, preventing pathogenic factors from transmitting to the Spleen. Since it is soaked in rice water and stir-fried with fire, it can induce sweating, which is distinctly different from Baizhu's (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) ability to stop sweating. Users must not substitute one for the other, as there is a difference between stopping and inducing sweat. The remaining indications are the same. For leakage of Spleen essence manifesting as turbid urine, continuous stranguria, and soreness and pain in the waist and back, Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) should be used to consolidate Spleen essence, because essence is generated from grain. The drug follows the meridians to guide the expulsion of pathogens, ensuring proper handling during the process.

[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, neutral-warm, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian.

[Indications]
Treats internal injury and deficiency emaciation. Tonifies deficiency and weakness, boosts qi and strength, promotes muscle growth, and strengthens sinews and bones. Tonifies five labors and seven injuries (general terms for various chronic deficiency syndromes), addresses insufficiency of Heart qi, treats spermatorrhea and forgetfulness. It is used in Zhang Zhongjing's Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) for its cooling nature and tonifying efficacy, strengthening yin and benefiting yang. It also moistens dry skin.

[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Its action floats and ascends; it is yang. Enters the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian, Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian.

[Indications]
Treats hematemesis, epistaxis, bloody stranguria, and hematuria. Treats women's blood pain, blood depletion (blood deficiency exhaustion), irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, and various disorders before and after childbirth. Treats all coughs and asthma in men and women, fei wei (pulmonary atrophy), and sores, ulcers, and toxic swellings. Nourishes yin and moistens dryness, transforms phlegm and clears the lungs, promotes urination, and regulates the large intestine. Generally, for those with insufficient yin, tonification is achieved through flavor. The sweetness of Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini) tonifies yin-blood.

[Flavor and Nature]
Pungent, sweet, neutral, non-toxic.

[Indications]
Raw form can ascend; cooked form descends. Ascending action can expel wind-phlegm via vomiting, disperse wind-cold, and vent rashes. Descending action calms wheezing and cough, regulates tenesmus after dysentery, stops internal pain, promotes qi movement, and treats phlegm, possessing formidable power like pushing down walls. Radish seed belongs to Earth, containing properties of Metal and Water. Generally enters the Qi aspect of Yangming, Shaoyang, and Taiyin meridians. Its primary function is descending qi. Long-term use penetrates into the blood; therefore, if taken together with Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) and Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), it may cause beard and hair to turn white.