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*Northwest Travelogue* records: Wild onions grow in the sand and stones beyond the Great Wall (Kouwai), also known as Lengcong or Shacong. It is named "Leng" because it grows among stone ridges; it is named "Shacong" because it grows in sandy deserts. Its leaves are similar to those of domestic onions but much larger, and its taste is spicier than that of domestic onions. The root resembles a garlic bulb completely, is much larger than garlic, and tastes even spicier than garlic. Even those who strongly enjoy pungent and spicy foods cannot finish eating one whole bulb. Although thin like grass stems, they grow densely in the sandy desert. When pickled for soup seasoning, it surpasses chives, and is particularly suitable for pheasant or rabbit soups. There is another plant called "Shacong Grass," which resembles Shacong; humans who eat it become mentally confused, and horses that eat it suffer from dull abdominal pain, only camels are suitable to eat it. Harvesters can distinguish them by breaking them: true Shacong is brittle and breaks easily, whereas Shacong Grass is flexible and tough, difficult to break. For medicinal use, the root is taken.

*Records of Hearing and Seeing in the Western Regions* records: Piya-si-lei is similar to wild garlic, with bulbs as large as chicken eggs, leaves resembling scallions but not hollow inside, with a pungent taste. People in Gansu call it Shacong, and Hui people favor eating it. It has the effects of soothing the middle jiao and directing qi downward, resolving food stagnation and relieving muscle tension, invigorating blood and inducing sweating, releasing exterior wind-cold, and clearing old stagnation.

*Taiwan Prefecture Gazetteer* records: Produced in Taiwan. Treats wind diseases.

Xu Kun's *Liuya Waibian* records: Fan-suan is produced in the indigenous areas of Taiwan. Its external shape resembles papaya, while the interior resembles persimmon. A man surnamed Zhang, an official in Fujian, had a maid who, after eating turtle meat, mistakenly consumed amaranth, resulting in yellow complexion and abdominal distension, nearly dying several times. Half a year later, someone gifted her Fan-suan. After she accidentally ate some, she suffered severe diarrhea, expelling dozens of objects resembling small turtles. Shortly after, she felt refreshed and the illness vanished. Only then did she realize that Fan-suan could treat toxicity caused by the combination of turtle meat and amaranth. It treats bi-jia (abdominal masses) and resolves food and water toxins.

This refers to the short central stalk near the cloves of garlic, used medicinally when dried.

To treat ulcers forming sinuses: *Nian Xiyao Jiyan Fang* records: Burn garlic stalks to ash while preserving their medicinal properties, apply the powder to the affected area, and the sinus will naturally resolve.

To treat ischial sores (bedsores): *Huangshi Yichao* records: Burn garlic stalks to ash and grind into powder. First clean the affected area and remove crusts, then apply the powder.

Effective washing for fistulas: *Liangpeng Huiji* records: Xia Yinglin verified the efficacy during examinations. The formula consists of Fangfeng, Jingjie, Digupi, Chuanjiao, Qiai, Wasong, each 5 qian, Huaitiao 1 liang, and aged garlic stalks 2 liang. Place all ingredients together in a hemp cloth bag, boil until rolling, and wash while hot. It has miraculous pain-relieving effects.

Fumigation for hemorrhoids: *Jisheng Kuhai* records: Dry garlic stalks in the shade. Place a fire basin with low heat, throw the stalks into it, and move the basin into a wooden bucket. Have the patient sit on top to fumigate. Seal the surroundings tightly with clothes and blankets to prevent smoke leakage. Three treatments will result in self-healing.

To treat chilblains: *Zhongfutang Fang* records: Decoct garlic and wash the affected area with the liquid.