出西域,藤大如臂,花坚硬可以酌酒,文章映澈,实大如指,味如豆蔻,食之消酒。相
传张
甘辛平无毒,消食下气,消酒止渴,辟邪疟,消痈肿,杀蛔虫。治尸蛀劳瘵,虫蛊瘰 ,
瘿
果成积,用酒杯藤子烧灰,糖拌,服下五、七钱自效。
饮酒过量成病,用酒杯藤子煎服,极验。
关涵岭南随笔∶药果似橙而味酸,可染红。
治哕。
出交趾合浦,藤缘树木,正月开花,四、五月熟如梨,赤如鸡冠,核如鱼鳞。
甘平无毒,主中恶气,飞尸邪蛊,心腹卒痛,狂邪鬼神,鬼疫疠疟,梦寐邪恶气,心神
颠倒
不宁,昏冒如痴;治惊痫恍惚,或言语不伦,歌笑不休,用 子核七枚,烧末,入朱砂少许
,姜汤下方寸匕,自愈。
食物考∶甘酸小于沙果,色黄红黑如樱桃颗,产于代北,味颇清香,作脯点茶俱可。此
与林
檎同名异类,本草未分,故正之。多食涩气,令人好睡。子宜去尽,食之烦心。
益部方物略记∶生邳州山谷中,树高丈余,枝修而弱,开白花,实大如雀卵,状如荔枝,
肉
黄,肤味甘。
味甘无毒,治七种疝气,及一切疮疡疥癣。
以上自津符子至隈支止诸果品,纲目附录诸果后,仅载其形状,不录其主治。而沈云将
食纂
云∶诸果都出外国及边瘴地方,虽不常见,但俱属异品,不惟可口,兼可疗治百病,凡行历
远方者,即当携其种流传中土,有功于世不小,故附录而兼细核其主治,予因取之以补李氏
之遗。至其形状,纲目已详载,而复列之者,亦欲览者便于解悉,后日遇物能名,故不厌重
赘也。
Originating from the Western Regions, the vine is as thick as an arm. The flowers are hard and can be used as wine cups; their texture is clear and translucent. The fruits are as large as a finger, taste like cardamom (Doukou), and consuming them helps to resolve alcohol intoxication. It is traditionally said that its nature is sweet, pungent, and neutral, non-toxic. It aids digestion and promotes the downward movement of Qi, resolves alcohol intoxication and quench thirst, expels evil pathogens and malaria, reduces carbuncles and swellings, and kills roundworms. To treat *Shizhu* (corpse-burrowing consumption) and *Laozhai* (consumptive disease caused by parasites), burn the seeds of the Wine Cup Vine into ash, mix with sugar, and ingest 5 to 7 qian for effective results. For illness caused by excessive drinking, decocting and ingesting the seeds of the Wine Cup Vine yields excellent results.
Guan Han’s *Notes from Lingnan* records: This medicinal fruit resembles an orange but tastes sour and can be used to dye red. It treats hiccups.
Originating from Hepu in Jiaozhi, the vines climb trees. They bloom in the first lunar month and ripen in the fourth and fifth months, resembling pears in size, red as a rooster's comb, with seeds resembling fish scales. Its taste is sweet and neutral, non-toxic. It primarily treats sudden invasion of malignant Qi, flying corpse evil and蛊 (gu poison), sudden heart and abdominal pain, madness attributed to ghosts or spirits, ghostly epidemics and pestilential malaria, evil Qi encountered in dreams, mental disturbance and restlessness, stupor and confusion resembling insanity. It treats fright-epilepsy with trance-like states, incoherent speech, or incessant singing and laughing. Use seven seeds of this fruit, grind into powder, add a small amount of Cinnabar (Zhusha), and administer with ginger soup using a "fangcun bi" measure; it will heal spontaneously.
*Food Examination* records: It tastes sweet and sour, is smaller than a sand apple, has colors ranging from yellow-red to black like cherry berries, originates from Daibei, and has a fresh fragrance. It can be made into dried fruit or used for tea. Although sharing the name with *Linlin* (Malus asiatica), they are different species; since earlier materia medica did not distinguish them, this corrects the error. Excessive consumption causes astringency of Qi and induces sleepiness. The seeds should be completely removed before eating, as consuming them causes mental agitation.
*Record of Medicinal Objects in Yibu* records: It grows in the valleys of Pizhou. The tree is over one zhang high, with slender and weak branches. It bears white flowers and fruits the size of sparrow eggs, resembling lychees, with yellow flesh and sweet-tasting skin. It tastes sweet and is non-toxic. It treats seven types of hernias and all sores, ulcers, scabies, and tinea.
The above fruits, from Jin Fu Zi to Weizhi, were appended by *Bencao Gangmu* after the general list of fruits, recording only their shapes but omitting their therapeutic indications. Shen Yunjiang’s *Food Compilation* states: These fruits originate from foreign lands and miasmic border regions. Though uncommon, they are exotic items that are not only palatable but also capable of treating hundreds of diseases. Travelers to distant places should carry their seeds to spread them in the Central Plains, contributing significantly to society. Therefore, I have appended them and carefully verified their therapeutic effects to supplement Li Shizhen’s omissions. As for their shapes, which are already detailed in *Gangmu*, listing them again here is intended to facilitate reader understanding and enable identification upon encountering the actual objects, hence the repetition.