（《纲目》）
【释名】山漆（《纲目》）、金不换。
时珍曰∶彼人言其叶左三右四，故名三七，盖恐不然。或云本名山漆，谓其能合金疮，
如漆粘物也，此说近之。金不换，贵重之称也。
【集解】时珍曰∶生广西、南丹诸州番峒深山中，采根曝干，黄黑色。团结者，状略似
白芨；长者，如老干地黄，有节。味微甘而苦，颇似人参之味。或云∶试法，以末糁猪血中
，血化为水者乃真。近传一种草，春生苗，夏高三、四尺。叶似菊艾而劲浓，有歧尖。茎有
赤棱。夏秋开黄花，蕊如金丝，盘纽可爱，而气不香。花干则吐絮如苦 絮。根叶味甘。治
金疮折伤出血，及上下血病，甚效。云是三七，而根大如牛蒡根，与南中来者不类，恐是刘
寄奴之属，甚易繁衍。
根
【气味】甘、微苦，温，无毒。
【主治】止血散血定痛，金刃箭伤、跌扑杖疮、血出不止者，嚼烂涂，或为末掺之，其
血即止。亦主吐血衄血，下血血痢，崩中经水不止，产后恶血不下，血运血痛，赤目痈肿，
虎咬蛇伤诸病（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶此药近时始出，南人军中用为金疮要药，云有奇功。又云∶凡杖扑伤
损，瘀血淋漓者，随即嚼烂，罨之即止；青肿者，即消散。若受杖时，先服一、二钱，则血
不冲心；杖后，尤宜服之。产后服，亦良。大抵此药气温、味甘微苦，乃阳明、厥阴血分之
药，故能治一切血病，与骐 竭、紫矿相同。
【附方】新八。
吐血衄血∶山漆一钱，自嚼，米汤送下。或以五分，加入八核汤。（《濒湖集简方》）
赤痢血痢∶三七三钱，研末，米泔水调服。即愈。（同上）大肠下血∶三七研末，同淡
白酒调一、二钱服，三服可愈。加五分入四物汤，亦可。（同上）妇人血崩∶方同上。产后
血多∶山漆研末，米汤服一钱。（同上）男妇赤眼，十分重者∶以山漆根磨汁，涂四围。甚
妙。（同上）
虎咬蛇伤∶山漆研末，米饮服三钱，仍嚼涂之。（并同上）
叶
【主治】折伤跌扑出血，敷之即止；青肿，经夜即散，余功同根（时珍）。
(Into the Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Shanqi (Mountain Lacquer, *Sanqi*), Jinbuhuan (Gold Unexchangeable).
Li Shizhen said: Some people say its leaves have three on the left and four on the right, hence the name Sanqi (Notoginseng), which is likely incorrect. It is said that it was originally named Shanqi (Mountain Lacquer), implying its ability to bind metal wounds like lacquer adheres to objects; this explanation is more plausible. Jinbuhuan is a term denoting its high value.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen said: It grows in the deep mountains of minority inhabited areas in various prefectures such as Guangxi and Nandan. The roots are harvested and sun-dried, appearing yellowish-black. Those that are clustered resemble Baiji (Bletilla Rhizome) in shape; those that are long resemble aged dried Rehmannia root, with nodes. The taste is slightly sweet and bitter, resembling that of Renshen (Ginseng Root). There is a test method mentioned: if powdered herb sprinkled into pig's blood causes the blood to liquefy, it is genuine. Recently, another herb has been circulated: it sprouts in spring, grows three to four chi tall in summer. The leaves resemble Chui Ai (Artemisia argyi) but are stiffer and denser, with forked tips. The stem has reddish ridges. It bears yellow flowers in summer and autumn, with stamens like golden threads, coiled and lovely, but without fragrance. When the flowers dry, they release flocculence similar to that of Cirsium japonicum. The roots and leaves have a sweet taste. It is very effective for treating metal trauma fractures with bleeding, as well as upper and lower hemorrhagic conditions. Although claimed to be Sanqi, its root is as large as Niubang (Arctii Fructus), differing from those imported from the south; it is likely a variety of Liujinu (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), which propagates easily.
Root
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, slightly bitter, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Stops bleeding, disperses blood stasis, and alleviates pain. For cuts from metal blades or arrows, bruises, and whip marks where bleeding does not stop, chew the fresh root and apply topically, or grind into powder and sprinkle on the wound; bleeding stops immediately. It also treats hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), hematochezia/melena, bloody dysentery, metrorrhagia and menorrhagia (uterine bleeding), postpartum lochia retention, blood syncope and pain, red eye, carbuncles and swellings, tiger bites, and snakebites (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: This medicine only became available in recent times. People in the southern regions use it as an essential medicine for metal trauma in military contexts, claiming miraculous effects. It is also said that for any beating injuries with profuse blood stasis, applying freshly chewed root immediately stops bleeding; bruising dissipates instantly. If one anticipates being beaten, taking one or two qian beforehand prevents blood from rushing to the heart; taking it after beating is especially beneficial. It is also good for postpartum use. Generally, this herb is warm in nature, with a sweet and slightly bitter taste, acting on the Blood aspect of the Yangming and Jueyin meridians; thus, it can treat all blood disorders, similar to Qilinjie (Dragon's Blood Resin) and Zikuang (Safflower).
[Attached Prescriptions] Eight new prescriptions.
Hematemesis and Epistaxis: Take 1 qian of Shanqi, chew it personally, and swallow with rice soup. Or take 5 fen and add it to Bahu Tang (Eight-Nuclei Decoction). (*Binhu Jijian Fang*)
Red Dysentery and Bloody Dysentery: Take 3 qian of Sanqi, grind into powder, and take with rice washing water. It cures immediately. (Same source) Hematochezia from Large Intestine: Grind Sanqi into powder, mix with light white wine, take 1-2 qian; three doses can cure. Adding 5 fen to Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) is also effective. (Same source) Metrorrhagia in Women: Same prescription as above. Excessive Bleeding Postpartum: Grind Shanqi into powder, take 1 qian with rice soup. (Same source) Severe Red Eye in Men and Women: Grind Shanqi root into juice, apply around the affected area. Very excellent. (Same source)
Tiger Bite and Snakebite: Grind Shanqi into powder, take 3 qian with rice drink, and continue to chew and apply topically. (All same sources)
Leaf
[Indications] For fractures and bruises with bleeding, application stops bleeding immediately; bruising dissipates overnight. Other functions are the same as the root (Li Shizhen).