（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶宝石出西番、回鹘地方诸坑井内，云南、辽东亦有之。有红、绿、碧、
紫数色∶红者名刺子；碧者名靛子；翠者，名马价珠；黄者，名木难珠；紫者，名蜡子；又
有鸦鹘石、猫精石、石榴子、红扁豆等名色，皆其类也。《山海经》言骒山多玉，凄水出焉，
西注于海，中多采石。采石，即宝石也。碧者，唐人谓之瑟瑟。红者，宋人谓之 蝎。今通
呼为宝石。以镶首饰器物，大者如指头，小者如豆粒，皆碾成珠状。《张勃吴录》云∶越 、
云南河中出碧珠，须祭而取之，有缥碧、绿碧。此即碧色宝石也。
【主治】去翳明目，入点药用之。灰尘入目，以珠拭拂即去（时珍）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】颇黎（《纲目》）、水玉（《拾遗》）。
时珍曰∶本作颇黎。颇黎，国名也。其莹如水，其坚如玉，故名水玉，与水精同名。
【集解】藏器曰∶玻璃，西国之宝也。玉石之类，生土中。或云千岁冰所化，亦未必然。
时珍曰∶出南番。有酒色、紫色、白色，莹澈与水精相似，碾开有雨点花者为真。外丹
家亦用之。药烧者有气眼而轻。《玄中记》云∶大秦国有五色颇黎，以红色为贵，《梁四公子
记》云∶扶南人来卖碧颇黎镜，广一尺半，重四十斤，内外皎洁，向明视之，不见其质。蔡
绦云∶御库有玻璃母，乃大食所产，状如铁滓， 之但作珂子状，青、红、黄、白数色。
【气味】辛，寒，无毒。
【主治】惊悸心热，能安心明目，去赤眼，熨热肿（藏器）。
摩翳障（大明）。
[Bencao Gangmu]
[Ji Jie (Collected Explanations)] Li Shizhen stated: Gemstones are found in mines and wells in Xifan, Huihu, and other regions, and also occur in Yunnan and Liaodong. They come in several colors: red, green, blue-green, and purple. Red ones are called "Cizi"; blue-green ones are called "Dianzi"; emerald-green ones are called "Majiazhu" (Horse-price Pearl); yellow ones are called "Munan Zhu" (Wood-difficulty Pearl); purple ones are called "Zazi". There are also names such as "Yahushishi" (Pariah Stone), "Maojingshi" (Cat-spirit Stone), "Shiliuzi" (Pomegranate Seed), and "Hongbiandou" (Red Kidney Bean), all of which belong to this category. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* states that Guo Mountain produces much jade, and the Qi River originates there, flowing west into the sea, where it contains abundant "Caishi" (Mineral Stones). Caishi is gemstone. Blue-green stones were called "Sese" by people in the Tang Dynasty. Red stones were called "Xie" by people in the Song Dynasty. Currently, they are commonly referred to as gemstones. They are used to inlay jewelry and vessels; large ones are finger-sized, small ones bean-sized, all carved into bead shapes. The *Zhang Bo Wu Lu* records: Bi pearls are produced in the rivers of Yue and Yunnan, and must be obtained through sacrifice; these include pale-blue-green and green-blue varieties. These are blue-green gemstones.
[Zhu Zhi (Main Indications)] Removes nebulae (cataracts/opacities) and brightens vision; used as eye drops. If dust enters the eye, wiping it with a gemstone removes it immediately (Li Shizhen).
[Bencao Shiyi]
[Shi Ming (Explanation of Names)] Polili (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Shuiyu (from *Bencao Shiyi*).
Li Shizhen stated: It was originally written as "Polili". Polili is the name of a country. Its clarity is like water, and its hardness is like jade, hence the name Shuiyu (Water Jade), sharing the same name as Shuijing (Rock Crystal).
[Ji Jie (Collected Explanations)] Chen Zangqi stated: Glass is a treasure of the Western Regions. It belongs to the category of jade and stone, forming underground. Some say it is transformed from thousand-year-old ice, but this is not necessarily true.
Li Shizhen stated: It is produced in Nanfan (Southern Barbarian lands). It comes in wine-colored, purple, and white hues, clear and translucent like rock crystal. Genuine pieces reveal rain-drop patterns when crushed. External alchemists also use it. Medicinally calcined glass has air pores and is light. The *Xuanzhong Ji* records: Daqin (Rome) possesses five-colored polili, with red being the most prized. The *Liang Si Gongzi Ji* records: People from Funan came to sell blue-green polili mirrors, one and a half chi wide and forty jin heavy, bright inside and out; viewed against the light, their material substance is invisible. Cai Tao stated: The imperial treasury holds "glass mother," produced in Dashi (Arabia), resembling iron slag; when heated, it forms only bead-like shapes, available in blue, red, yellow, and white colors.
[Qi Wei (Flavor and Nature)] Acrid, cold, non-toxic.
[Zhu Zhi (Main Indications)] Treats palpitations and heart heat; calms the mind and brightens vision; removes red eyes; hot compresses treat heat-induced swelling (Chen Zangqi).
Rubbing treats nebulae and visual obstructions (Daming).