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[Collected Explanations] (Cited from *Shiliao Bencao*)
Chen Cangqi stated: Dried seaweed is a type of marine organism.
Li Shizhen stated: This is indeed seaweed. People in that region dry it to make jerky-like slices. Because the seawater is salty, it differs from Zhili (a type of aquatic moss). Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi* states: Shi Fa (stone hair) growing in the sea is over a chi long and as wide as leek leaves; steamed with meat, it is extremely delicious. Zhang Bo's *Wu Lu* states: Jiangli grows in seawater, is bright green, and resembles tangled hair; it belongs to the category of seaweed. Su Gong considered this to be water moss, which is incorrect. Water moss is not very salty.

[Aroma and Flavor] Salty, cold, non-toxic.
Meng Shen stated: Warm.
Tao Hongjing stated: Soft moss is cold; dried moss is hot.
Meng Shen stated: Consuming too much dried seaweed jerky can cause sores and scabies, leading to sallow complexion and lack of blood luster.
Su Rui stated: Those suffering from coughs with phlegm-fluid retention should not consume it.

[Therapeutic Actions] Goiter and qi stagnation (Tao Hongjing). Treats hemorrhoids, kills parasites, and stops persistent vomiting due to cholera; boil the juice and drink it (Meng Shen). For those with vexation and fullness in the heart and abdomen, grind into a paste with cold water and drink to stop symptoms (Chen Cangqi). Expels all cinnabar-stone toxins and neutralizes various drug poisons. Inserted into wood holes to kill bookworms (*Ri Hua Zi Bencao*). Eliminates tea accumulation (Su Rui). Burned to ash, blown into the nose to stop epistaxis. Soaked in water, pounded, and applied to swollen and painful backs of hands (Li Shizhen).

[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Hong Mai’s *Yijian Zhi* records: All monks in a temple in Henan suffered from goiter. A monk from Luoyang living in the same dormitory took dried seaweed jerky to eat with every meal. After several months, the monile swellings on their necks disappeared. Thus, it was known that marine products can cure this disease.

(Cited from *Mingyi Bielu*, classified as Middle Grade)
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing stated: Abandoned wells often grow moss and duckweed, and brick-and-soil crevices grow various weeds. Since Isatis root (Lan) detoxifies, the variety found in wells is particularly effective; it is not a different substance.

[Aroma and Flavor] Sweet, greatly cold, non-toxic.

[Therapeutic Actions] Eczema caused by lacquer, heat sores, edema.
Well-grown Isatis: Neutralizes the toxicity of wild gelsemium (Yege) and croton seeds (Badou) (*Mingyi Bielu*). Treats burns from boiling water or fire (Tao Hongjing).

(Cited from *Shiliao Bencao*)
[Aroma and Flavor] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.

[Therapeutic Actions] Epistaxis, hematemesis, strangury. Decoct thickly with roasted Licorice root (Gancao) and fermented soybean juice (Chi), and sip slowly (Meng Shen). Resolves latent heat from epidemic fevers, clears cloudiness of head and eyes, alleviates mental confusion and obstruction, and neutralizes major toxins. Take five liang, mix with one and a half liang of butter cake powder, form pills the size of wutong seeds using wheat paste decoction. Take 50 pills each time with warm wine (Li Shizhen).

[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: According to Fang Xian’s *Qixiao Fang*: The essence of water penetrates into ship planks. Over time, exposed to wind and sun, it turns green, likely due to solar heating and the internal perception of yin and yang qi. Therefore, consuming it can differentiate yin and yang, expel pathogenic heat, and harmonize the zang-fu organs. This is due to the suitability of the substance's aroma and flavor.

[Attached Prescriptions] Two existing prescriptions.
Strangury of the five types: One ball of bottom-of-ship moss, size of an egg, boiled in water and drunk (Chen Cangqi).
Activation of mineral drugs, dribbling urination, mental restlessness: Half an egg-sized amount of green moss from the bottom of a ship, decocted in water and taken warm, three to four times daily (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)