Library

(From *Haiyao Bencao*)
[Names] Flying Fish.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: It is produced in Hainan. The large ones are about one chi long, with fins aligned with the tail. They fly in schools over the sea. People living by the sea observe them, predicting strong winds.
The *Wu Du Fu* states, "The patterned flying fish flies at night and touches the fishing net," which refers to this fish.
Li Shizhen stated: According to the *Western Mountain Classic*, Guanshui flows west into Liusha, where there are many patterned flying fish. Their shape resembles a carp, with bird wings and a fish body, featuring blue patterns, a white head, and a red beak. They often fly at night, swimming from the West Sea to the East Sea. Their sound is like that of a luan chicken. Their taste is sour and sweet; eating them can cure mania. Their appearance indicates a bumper harvest. The *Linyi Ji* states: The flying fish has a round body, with large ones being over one zhang long, and wings like cicadas. The *Tongzhi* states: Feiyu is produced in the Laoshui of a certain county in Shaanxi, resembling a crucian carp; eating it can cure hemorrhoids.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, sour, non-toxic.
[Indications] For difficult labor in women, burn to charcoal, grind into powder, take one qian with wine, or wear it during the month before delivery to facilitate childbirth (added by Li Shizhen).

(From *Haiyao Bencao*)
[Names] Tunu Fish (from *Lin Hai Ji*).
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: It is produced in the South China Sea. Its head resembles a tiger, its back skin is spiny like a hedgehog, and contact with it feels like a snake bite. There are also cases of transformation into tigers.
Li Shizhen stated: According to the *Juan You Lu*, the bubble fish in the sea is as large as a dou, with spines on its body like a hedgehog, capable of transforming into a porcupine. This is the fish-tiger. The *Shu Yi Ji* states: When old, it transforms into a shark.
[Properties and Flavor] Toxic.

(From *Bencao Gangmu*)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: In Chen Zangqi's annotations on various fishes, he mentioned that a certain large fish is toxic and can kill people. However, no one recognizes it today.
The *Tang Yun* states: It is an old fish. The *Shan Hai Jing* states: Liguo

(From *Haiyao Bencao*)
[Names] Jellyfish (from *Haiyao Bencao*), Chupu Fish (from *Haiyao Bencao*), Stone Mirror.
Li Shizhen stated: The pronunciation is either "zuo" or "zhai". Southerners mispronounced it as "haizhe", or wrote it as "la" or "...", which are incorrect. Liu Xun said: People in Fujian call it..., while people in Guangdong call it jellyfish. The *Yi Yuan* calls it Stone Mirror.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: ... shrimp move
Li Shizhen stated: The jellyfish has a coherent, condensed form, colored red-purple, without mouth, eyes, or stomach. Below it hangs an object like cotton wadding, upon which groups of shrimp attach themselves, sucking its saliva and foam, floating and drifting as if flying. When pushed by the tide, the shrimp scatter, but the... cannot return. People therefore cut it out, soak it in smelted stone and alum water to remove the blood color, turning it white. The thickest part is called... head, which tastes even better. It can be eaten raw or cooked.
[Properties and Flavor] Salty, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] For female exhaustion, accumulated blood and leukorrhea, pediatric wind diseases and erysipelas, scalds and burns (Chen Zangqi).
(From *Yi Yuan*).