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(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Names] The origin of the name is unknown.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi stated: Muweizi (Wood Nut) grows in the valleys of Lingnan. The tree is over one zhang tall, and its leaves resemble those of the Chinaberry tree (*Melia azedarach*). The fruit is hard like an olive but also resembles a jujube; after peeling off the skin, it can be eaten like a Zongzi (sticky rice dumpling).
Li Shizhen stated: Muweizi belongs to the category of olives. The statement by Mr. Chen comes from Gu Wei's *Guangzhou Ji*. However, Emperor Yuan of Liang's *Jinlou Zi* states: "The southern-facing Olive trees bear Olives, while the east-facing ones bear Muwei." This is also a mistaken rumor.

(From *Tang Bencao* / Tang Materia Medica)
[Correction] Transferred from the Wood section to this section.
[Names] Yuganzi (from *Tang Bencao*), Amalaka Fruit.
Chen Cangqi stated: In Sanskrit texts, it is named Amalaka, also known as Malakataka fruit. Its taste is initially bitter and astringent, but becomes sweet after a long time, hence the name Yuganzi (Remaining Sweetness).
[Collected Exconations] Su Gong stated: Amalaka grows in Jiaozhou, Guangzhou, Aizhou, and other prefectures in Lingnan. The leaves are fine and similar to Albizia julibrissin (Silk Tree). The flowers are yellow. The fruits resemble plums or Chinese medlars, are greenish-yellow, with round kernels having ridges, either six or seven in number. The kernel inside can also be used medicinally.
A certain physician stated: Those grown in Western Regions are the size of Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange).
Su Song stated: Yuganzi is now found in various counties of Liangguang, as well as in the valleys of Xichuan, Rongzhou, Luzhou, and borders inhabited by Man tribes. The tree is one to two zhang high, with very soft branches. The leaves are green, fine, and dense, opening in the morning and closing at dusk like Mimosa pudica (Sensitive Plant), but the leaves are tiny, emerging in spring and withering in winter. Flowers appear in March, growing on twigs, resembling millet grains, slightly yellow. Fruits form shortly after, hanging in clusters, with three or two fruits per twig. They ripen in winter, resembling plums, pale white, divided into five or six segments including the core. When dry, both the flesh and core split. Locals eat them as fruits.
Li Shizhen stated: Yuganzi also grows in the mountains of Quanzhou. It resembles Sichuan Chinaberry (*Toosendan indicum*) in shape and tastes similar to olives. It can also be preserved with honey or salt. Its wood can be used to make utensils. According to Chen Qichang's *Yiwu Zhi*: "The leaves of Yuganzi are like Mimosa pudica and Sophora japonica (Chinese Scholar Tree); its branches are like Morus australis (Mulberry); its flowers are yellow. The fruit is round, as large as a marble, slightly yellow, with textures like Dingtao melons. The kernel has five or six ridges. Initially bitter and astringent upon entry, it becomes sweet after drinking water. Salted and steamed, it is especially delicious." This description aligns with the accounts of Su Shi and Su Zhe. However, *Linhai Yiwu Zhi* states: "Yuganzi is spindle-shaped, as large as a plum, with sharp ends on the kernel, being another name for the Olive." Yet, olives are long and pointed, while Yuganzi is round, showing slight differences, and their leaf shapes also differ; thus, they should be two different plants. Furthermore, Su Gong mentioned that its kernel can be used medicinally, but did not specify which diseases it treats. Could its efficacy be the same as the fruit?

[Flavor and Toxicity] Sour, Pungent, Non-toxic. Li Shizhen stated: According to *Guangzhou Ji*, the flavor is Bitter and Astringent.
[Indications] Treats evil water accumulation in the heart and Qi of Water Dampness (Chen Cangqi).

(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, Cold, Non-toxic. A certain physician stated: Bitter, Sour, Sweet, Slightly Cold, Astringent.
[Indications] Treats Wind-Deficiency and Hot Qi (from *Tang Bencao*). Tonifies and strengthens Qi. Combined with one jin (approx. 500g) of Iron Powder, it reverses graying hair and prevents aging. Extract juice from the fruit, mix with oil, and apply to the scalp to promote hair growth, remove wind-induced itching, and make hair grow black as lacquer (Chen Cangqi). Treats Lung injury caused by Dan-Shi (mineral pills) leading to rebellious Qi and coughing. Long-term consumption lightens the body, extends life, and promotes longevity. Those consuming Rushi (Mineral Pills) should consume it regularly (Li Xun). Grind into powder and take with decoction to resolve Jinshi (Metal and Stone/Mineral) toxicity (Kou Zongshi). Resolve Sulfur toxicity (Li Shizhen. From *Yibu Fang*).

[Elucidation] Kou Zongshi stated: Gold becomes soft when interacting with Yuganzi, demonstrating the principle of mutual induction and suppression among substances; therefore, it can resolve Metal and Stone toxicity.