（《拾遗》）
【释名】杜宇（《禽经》）、子 （音携）、子规（亦作秭归）、 （音弟桂。亦作
）、催归（亦作思归）、怨鸟、周燕（《说文》）、阳雀。
时珍曰∶蜀人见鹃而思杜宇，故呼杜鹃。说者遂谓杜宇化鹃，讹矣。鹃与子 、子规、
、催归诸名，皆因其声似，各随方音呼之而已。其鸣若曰“不如归去”。谚云“阳雀
叫， 央”是矣。《禽经》云∶江左曰子规，蜀右曰杜宇，瓯越曰怨鸟。服虔注《汉书》
，以 为伯劳，误矣，名同物异也。伯劳一名 ，音决，不音桂。
【集解】藏器曰∶杜鹃小如鹞，鸣呼不已。《蜀王本纪》云∶杜宇为望帝，淫其臣鳖灵
妻，乃禅位亡去。时子规鸟鸣，故蜀人见鹃鸣而悲望帝。《荆楚岁时记》云∶杜鹃初鸣，先
闻者主别离，学其声令人吐血，登厕闻之不祥。厌法，但作狗声应之。《异苑》云∶有人山
行，见一群，聊学之，呕血便殒。人言此鸟啼至血出乃止，故有呕血之事。
时珍曰∶杜鹃出蜀中，今南方亦有之。状如雀、鹞而色惨黑，赤口有小冠。春暮即鸣，
夜啼达旦，鸣必向北，至夏尤甚，昼夜不止，其声哀切。田家候之，以兴农事。惟食虫蠹，
不能为巢，居他巢生子。冬月则藏蛰。
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】疮 有虫，薄切炙热贴之，虫尽乃已（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶按∶《吕氏春秋》云∶肉之美者 燕之翠。则昔人亦尝食之矣。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
**[Names]** Duyu (from *Qin Jing* / Classic of Birds), Zigui (pronounced xié), Zigui (also written as Zigui), Yu (pronounced dì guì, also written in other forms), Cuigui (also written as Sigui), Yuan Niao (Bird of Resentment), Zhou Yan (from *Shuowen Jiezi*), Yang Que.
Li Shizhen said: The people of Shu see the cuckoo and think of Emperor Duyu, hence they call it Du Juan (Cuckoo). Theories that Duyu transformed into a cuckoo are erroneous. The names Du Juan, Zigui, Yu, Cuigui, etc., are all derived from the similarity of their calls, with each region naming them according to local dialects. Their cry sounds like "Better return home." As the proverb says, "When the Yang Que cries, [farmers] busy themselves," which is accurate. *Qin Jing* states: In Jiangzuo, it is called Zigui; in western Shu, it is called Duyu; in Ouyue, it is called Yuan Niao. Fu Qian's annotation of *Han Shu* mistakenly identified it as the Shrike (Bola), which is incorrect because the name is the same but the species differs. The Shrike is also known as Chi, pronounced jué, not guì.
**[Collected Explanations]** Zang Qi said: The cuckoo is small like a kestrel and cries incessantly. *Shu Wang Ben Ji* records: Duyu was Emperor Wangdi; he committed adultery with the wife of his minister Bailing, and thus abdicated the throne and fled. At that time, the Zigui bird was crying, so the people of Shu felt sorrow for Emperor Wangdi upon seeing/hearing the cuckoo. *Jingchu Suishi Ji* records: When the cuckoo first begins to cry, the first person to hear it portends separation; imitating its sound causes one to vomit blood; hearing it in the toilet is considered inauspicious. To ward off evil, one should only respond by making dog sounds. *Yi Yuan* records: A person walking in the mountains saw a flock of cuckoos, tried to imitate them, and died after vomiting blood. People say this bird cries until blood comes out before stopping, hence the incident of vomiting blood.
Li Shizhen said: The cuckoo originates from Shu, and is now also found in the south. It resembles a sparrow or kestrel but has a dull black color, a red beak, and a small crest. It begins crying in late spring, crying through the night until dawn, always facing north when calling. Its cries are especially intense in summer, day and night without ceasing, and the sound is mournful. Farmers observe it to initiate agricultural activities. It eats only insect larvae, does not build its own nest, but lays eggs in the nests of other birds. In winter, it hibernates.
Meat
**[Flavor and Toxicity]** Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
**[Indications]** For ulcers containing parasites: Slice the meat thinly, heat it, and apply it to the affected area. Continue until all parasites are expelled (Li Shizhen).
**[Elucidation]** Li Shizhen said: According to *Lüshi Chunqiu*: Among delicious meats is the Cui bird meat from Yan. Thus, ancients also consumed it.