（《日华》）
【释名】时珍曰∶两旁曰牙，当中曰齿。肾主骨，齿者骨之余也。女子七月齿生，七岁
齿龀，三七肾气平而真牙生，七七肾气衰，齿槁发素。男子八月齿生，八岁齿龆，三八肾气
平而真牙生，五八肾气衰，齿槁发堕。钱乙云∶小儿变蒸蜕齿，如花之易苗。不及三十二齿
者，由蒸之不及其数也。
【气味】甘、咸，热，有毒。
【主治】除劳治疟，蛊毒瓦斯。入药烧用（大明）。治乳痈未溃，痘疮倒 （时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶近世用人牙治痘疮陷伏，称为神品。然一概用之，贻害不浅。夫齿者，
肾之标，骨之余也。痘疮则毒自肾出，方长之际，外为风寒秽气所冒，腠理闭塞，血涩不行
，毒不能出，或变黑倒 。宜用此物，以酒、麝达之，窜入肾经，发出毒瓦斯，使热令复行，
而疮自红活，盖劫剂也。若伏毒在心，昏冒不省人事，及气虚色白，痒塌不能作脓，热痱紫
泡之证，只宜解毒补虚。苟误用此，则郁闷声哑，反成不救，可不慎哉？高武《痘疹管见》
云∶左仲恕言变黑归肾者，宜用人牙散。夫既归肾矣，人牙岂能复治之乎？
【附方】旧一，新七。痘疮倒 ∶钱氏小儿方∶用人牙烧存性，入麝香少许，温酒服半
钱。闻人规《痘疹论》云∶人牙散∶治痘疮方出，风寒外袭，或变黑，或青紫，此倒 也。
宜温肌发散，使热气复行而斑自出。用人齿脱落者，不拘多少，瓦罐固济， 过出火毒，研
末。出不快而黑陷者， 猪血调下一钱；因服凉药，血涩倒陷者，入麝香，温酒服之，其
效如神。无价散∶用人牙、猫牙、猪牙、犬牙等分，火 研末，蜜水调服一字。乳痈未溃∶
人牙齿烧研，酥调贴之。（《肘后方》）五般 耳出脓血水∶人牙（烧存性），麝香少许，为末
吹之。名佛牙散。（《普济方》）漏疮恶疮，干水生肌∶用人牙灰、油发灰、雄鸡内金灰，各
等分为末。入麝香、轻粉少许，油调敷之。（《直指方》）阴疽不发，头凹沉黯，不疼无热，
服内补散不起。必用人牙（ 过）、穿山甲（炙）各一分，为末。分作两服，用当归、麻黄
煎酒
下。外以姜汁和面敷之。又方∶川乌头、硫黄、人牙（ 过）为末，酒服亦妙。（杨仁斋《直
指方》）
(Quoted from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*)
[Names] Li Shizhen stated: Those on the sides are called "ya" (teeth/gums), and those in the middle are called "chi" (teeth). The Kidney governs the bones, and teeth are the surplus of bone essence. In girls, deciduous teeth emerge at seven months; at seven years old, they lose their baby teeth (chen); at twenty-one years old, when Kidney Qi is balanced, permanent teeth (zhen ya) emerge; at forty-nine years old, Kidney Qi declines, leading to dry teeth and white hair. In boys, deciduous teeth emerge at eight months; at eight years old, they lose their baby teeth (tiao); at twenty-four years old, when Kidney Qi is balanced, permanent teeth (zhen ya) emerge; at forty years old, Kidney Qi declines, leading to dry teeth and falling hair. Qian Yi stated: The shedding of teeth during the growth and development of children is like plants changing seedlings. If there are fewer than thirty-two teeth, it is because the "zheng" (vaporization/growth process) did not reach the required number.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, salty, hot, toxic.
[Indications] Treats exhaustion (lao), malaria, gu poison, and pestilential qi. (Cited from *Kai Bao Ben Cao* / *Da Ming Ben Cao*). Treats ru yong (breast abscess/mastitis) before ulceration, and daochuang (smallpox/chickenpox) with inverted or depressed lesions. (Li Shizhen)
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: In recent times, human teeth have been used to treat smallpox lesions that are sunken or hidden, referred to as a miraculous remedy. However, using them indiscriminately causes significant harm. Teeth are the external manifestation of the Kidney and the surplus of bone. Smallpox toxins originate from the Kidney. During the early stage of the disease, if invaded by wind-cold and turbid qi, the couli (pores) become closed, blood flow becomes stagnant, toxins cannot exit, or the lesions turn black and sink inward. In such cases, it is appropriate to use this substance, guided by wine and Moschus (Shexiang), penetrating into the Kidney meridian to expel toxic vapors, allowing heat to circulate again so that the lesions become red and vibrant. This is a drastic agent (jie ji). If toxic pathogens lodge in the Heart, causing coma and unconsciousness, or if there is Qi deficiency with pale complexion, itching and sinking without pus formation, or symptoms of heat rash and purple blisters, one should only employ detoxification and tonification of deficiency. If mistakenly used, it will cause depression and hoarseness, rendering the condition incurable. How can one not be cautious? Gao Wu, in *Dou Zhen Guan Jian*, quoted Zuo Zhongshu saying that for conditions where blackening returns to the Kidney, Ren Ya San (Human Tooth Powder) is suitable. But if the pathogen has already returned to the Kidney, how can human teeth treat it?
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, seven new prescriptions.
Smallpox inverted/darkened lesions: Qian's Pediatric Formula: Use human teeth calcined to retain their nature, add a small amount of Moschus, and take half a qian with warm wine. Wenren Gui's *Dou Zhen Lun* records Ren Ya San: For treating smallpox just emerging, attacked by external wind-cold, turning black or cyan-purple, which is inversion. It is appropriate to warm the muscles and disperse pathogens, allowing heat to circulate so spots appear naturally. Take shed human teeth, any quantity, seal in a clay pot, calcine to remove fire toxicity, and grind into powder. If eruptions are slow and dark/sunken, mix with pig's blood and take one qian; if due to cooling herbs causing blood stagnation and sinking, add Moschus and take with warm wine; the effect is divine. Wu Jia San: Equal parts of human teeth, cat teeth, pig teeth, and dog teeth, calcined and ground into powder, taken with honey water (one zi dose).
Breast abscess not yet ulcerated: Calcine human teeth, grind into powder, mix with butter (su) and apply externally. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)
Pus and bloody water discharging from ears in five types: Human teeth (calcined to retain nature), small amount of Moschus, ground into powder and blown into the ear. Named Fo Ya San (Buddha Tooth Powder). (*Pu Ji Fang*)
Fistula and malignant sores, drying fluid and generating flesh: Equal parts of human tooth ash, burnt hair ash, and gallus internal golden membrane ash, ground into powder. Add small amounts of Moschus and Calomelas (Qingfen), mix with oil and apply. (*Zhi Zhi Fang*)
Yin abscess not erupting, head sunken and dull, painless and non-febrile, ineffective after taking Nei Bu San. Must use human teeth (calcined) and Pangolin scales (roasted), each one fen, ground into powder. Divide into two doses, taken with decoction of Angelica sinensis (Danggui) and Ephedra (Mahuang) in wine. Externally, apply a paste of ginger juice and flour. Another method: Aconitum carmichaelii (Chuan Wutou), sulfur, and human teeth (calcined) ground into powder, taken with wine is also excellent. (Yang Renzhai, *Zhi Zhi Fang*)