（戎、松二音。《拾遗》）
【释名】猱（难逃切）。
时珍曰∶狨毛柔长如绒，可以藉，可以缉，故谓之狨，而猱字亦从柔也。或云生于西戎，
故从戎也。猱古文作 ，象形。今呼长毛狗为猱，取此象。
【集解】藏器曰∶狨生山南山谷中。似猴而大，毛长，黄赤色。人将其皮作鞍褥。时珍
曰∶杨亿《谈苑》云∶狨出川峡深山中。其状大小类猿，长尾作金色，俗名金线狨。轻捷善
缘木，甚爱其尾。人以药矢射之，中毒即自啮其尾也。宋时文武三品以上许用狨座，以其皮
为褥也。
【附录】猿 时珍曰∶ 善援引，故谓之 ，俗作猿。产川、广深山中。似猴而长大，
其臂甚长，能引气，故多寿。或言其通臂者，误矣。臂骨作笛，甚清亮。其色有青、白、玄、
黄、绯数种。其性静而仁慈，好食果实。其居多在林木，能越数丈，着地即泄泻死，惟附子
汁饮之可免。其行多群。其雄善啼，一鸣三声，凄切入人肝脾。范氏《桂海志》云∶猿有
三种∶金丝者，黄色；玉面者，黑色；及身面俱黑者。或云纯黑是牡，金丝是牝；牡能啸，
牝不能也。王济《日询记》云∶广人言猿初生毛黑而雄，老则变黄，溃去势囊，转雄为雌，
与黑者交而孕。数百岁，黄又变白也。
时珍按∶此说与《列子》 变化为猿，《庄子》 狙以猿为雌之言相合，必不妄也。
独时珍曰∶独，似猿而大，其性独，一鸣即止，能食猿猴。
故谚曰∶独一鸣而猿散。独夫盖取诸此。或云即黄腰也，又见虎下。
肉及血
【气味】缺。
【主治】食之，调五痔病，久坐其皮亦良（藏器）。
脂
【主治】疮、疥，涂之妙（同上）。
("Rong" is pronounced as "Rong" or "Song". Cited from *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica].)
[Names] Nao (pronounced like "Nan Tao").
Li Shizhen stated: The hair of Rong is soft and long like down, which can be used for padding or sewing, hence the name Rong; the character Nao also derives its meaning from "soft" (Rou). Some say it originates from the Western Rong regions, hence the radical "Rong". The ancient form of Nao is written as " ", which is an ideogram depicting its shape. Nowadays, people call long-haired dogs "Nao", taking this imagery.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi said: Rong lives in the mountains and valleys south of the mountains. It resembles a monkey but is larger, with long hair that is yellowish-red. People use its skin to make saddle cushions. Li Shizhen said: Yang Yi's *Tan Yan* records that Rong comes from the deep mountains of the Chuanxia region. Its size and shape are similar to apes, with a very long tail that is golden in color, commonly known as Golden Thread Rong. It is agile and good at climbing trees, and values its tail greatly. People shoot it with poisoned arrows; once poisoned, it bites off its own tail. During the Song Dynasty, civil and military officials of the third rank and above were permitted to use Rong seats, using its skin as cushions.
[Appendix] Yuan (Ape) Li Shizhen said: Yuan is good at pulling and supporting itself, hence called Yuan, vulgarly written as Yuan. It is produced in the deep mountains of Sichuan and Guang. It resembles a monkey but is larger, with very long arms capable of regulating Qi, thus living longer. Some claim it has connected arms, which is incorrect. Its arm bones make excellent flutes with clear and bright tones. Its colors include green, white, black, yellow, and crimson. Its nature is quiet and benevolent, fond of eating fruits. It mostly dwells in forests and can leap several zhang; if it touches the ground, it dies from diarrhea, unless treated with Fuzi juice to prevent death. They travel in groups. Male apes are good at crying; their cry consists of three sounds, piercing one's liver and spleen with sorrow. Fan Shi's *Gu Hai Zhi* states there are three types of apes: Golden Wire (yellow); Jade Face (black); and those entirely black on body and face. Some say pure black ones are male, and Golden Wire ones are female; males can howl, females cannot. Wang Ji's *Ri Xun Ji* records that people in Guangzhou say newborn apes are black and male, turning yellow when old, losing their scrotum through ulceration, changing from male to female, and becoming pregnant after mating with black apes. After hundreds of years, the yellow turns white.
Li Shizhen noted: This description aligns with *Liezi*'s account of "changing into apes" and *Zhuangzi*'s mention of "using apes as females," so it must not be false. There is another creature called Du, resembling an ape but larger, with a solitary nature, stopping after one cry, and capable of eating apes. Hence the proverb: "When Du cries once, apes scatter." The term "Du Fu" [solitary man/tyrant] likely derives from this. Some say Du is the Yellow Waist, also mentioned under Tiger.
Meat and Blood
[Properties and Flavors] Missing.
[Indications] Consuming it regulates the five types of hemorrhoids; sitting on its skin for a long time is also beneficial (Chen Zangqi).
Fat
[Indications] Treats sores and scabies; applying it yields wonderful results (ibid.).