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(Sourced from the Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)

[Correction] Moved here from the Herb section.

[Names] Cimaluo (from *Kaibao Bencao*), Xiao Huixiang (Small Fennel).
Li Shizhen said: "Shiluo" and "Cimaluo" are both transliterations of foreign languages (referring to Western Regions or Persian languages, etc.).

[Collected Explanations] Chen Cangqi said: "Shiluo" grows in Fosuo Country; its fruits resemble those of *Apium graveolens* var. *secalinum* (Maqinzi), with a pungent and fragrant aroma.
Su Song noted: According to *Guangzhou Ji*, it grows in Persia. The seeds of *Apium graveolens* var. *secalinum* are black and heavy, whereas the seeds of "Shiluo" are brown and light; this serves as the distinction.
It effectively enhances the flavor of food and can be consumed in large quantities without harm. However, it should not be eaten together with Asafoetida (*Asafetidae Resina*), as it would diminish the taste of Asafoetida.
Su Song said: It is now found in Lingnan and neighboring regions. Seedlings emerge in March and April; the flowers and fruits are similar to those of *Cnidium monnieri* (Shechuangzi) but grow in clusters, with a pungent and fragrant aroma. The fruits are harvested in June and July. Nowadays, people mostly use it to harmonize the five flavors, and it is rarely heard of being used as medicine.
Li Shizhen said: Its fruits grow in clusters, resembling those of *Cnidium monnieri* but shorter, slightly black in color, with a pungent and foul odor, inferior to that of Fennel (*Foeniculi Fructus*).
Jia Jiamo said: Commonly known as "Shiluojiao." It contains black seeds, but the skin is thin, brownish, and not red.

[Seedlings]
[Aroma and Flavor] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Directs Qi downward and benefits the diaphragm (Li Shizhen).

[Fruits/Seeds]
[Aroma and Flavor] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Pediatric abdominal distension due to Qi stagnation, cholera with vomiting and regurgitation, cold abdomen with inability to eat, fullness and stuffiness in the hypochondrium (Chen Cangqi). Strengthens the Spleen, opens the Stomach Qi, warms the Intestines, neutralizes fish and meat toxins, nourishes the Water Organ (Kidney), treats Kidney Qi, and strengthens sinews and bones (*Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*).
Treats diaphragmatic Qi stagnation, promotes digestion, and enhances food flavor (Li [Shizhen]).

[Attached Formulas] Two new formulas.
Acute lumbar sprain/pain: Grind "Shiluo" into powder, take two qianbi (ancient measure) with wine. (*Yonglei Qianfang*).
Toothache: Take equal parts of imported "Shiluo," Rapeseed (*Brassicae Napus Semen*), and White Mustard Seed (*Sinapis Albae Semen*). Grind into powder. Hold water in the mouth and insufflate the powder into the respective nostrils according to the side of pain. Miraculous efficacy. (*Shenghui Fang*)

[Appendix] Shu Hulan (from *Shiyi*)
Chen Cangqi said: Seeds: Pungent, Neutral, Non-toxic. Treats abdominal distension and fullness caused by Cold Qi, tonifies the Kidney, eliminates Blood-Qi disorders in women, treats dysentery, and kills dental worms. Grows in Annan, resembles Fennel seeds, and can be used in food.

Shudi (from *Shiyi*)
Chen Cangqi said: Seeds: Sweet, Warm, Non-toxic. Treats bloating and fullness caused by Cold Wind and Cold Qi, and indigestion of retained food. Grows in Xifan and northern regions, resembles Fennel, and is used by Hu people to make soup.

Chideler (from *Shiyi*)
Chen Cangqi said: Roots: Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic. Breaks up Cold Qi, promotes digestion. Grows in Western Countries; it is a root, consumed by Hu people.

Masiji
Li Shizhen said: Bitter, Warm, Non-toxic. Expels evil Qi, warms the middle and benefits the diaphragm, regulates Qi and stops pain, generates fluids and relieves thirst, and freshens breath. Used in Yuan Dynasty dietary preparations, described as an excellent spice. Its appearance is unknown; thus, it is appended here.