（宋《嘉 》）
【释名】时珍曰∶蚌与蛤同类而异形。长者通曰蚌，圆者通曰蛤。故蚌从丰，蛤从合，
皆象形也。后世混称蛤蚌者，非也。
【集解】弘景曰∶雉入大水为蜃。蜃即蚌也。
藏器曰∶生江汉渠渎间，老蚌含珠，壳堪为粉。非大蛤也。
时珍曰∶蚌类甚繁，今处处江湖中有之，惟洞庭、汉沔独多。大者长七寸，状如牡蛎辈；
小者长三、四寸，状如石决明辈。其肉可食，其壳可为粉。湖沔人皆印成锭市之，谓之蚌粉，
亦曰蛤粉。古人谓之蜃灰，以饰墙壁， 墓圹，如今用锻石也。
肉
【气味】甘、咸，冷，无毒。
宗 曰∶性微冷。多食，发风动冷气。
震亨曰∶马刀、蚌、蛤、蛳、蚬，大同小异。寇氏止言冷，而不言湿。湿生热，热久则
气上升而生痰生风，何冷之有？
【主治】止渴除热，解酒毒，去眼赤（孟诜）。明目除湿，主妇人劳损下血
烦，解热毒，血崩带下，痔 ，压丹石药毒。以黄连末纳入取汁，点赤眼、眼暗（《日华》）。
蚌粉
【气味】咸，寒，无毒
《日华》曰∶能制石亭脂。
《镜源》曰∶能制硫黄。
【主治】诸疳，止痢并呕逆。醋调，涂痈肿（《日华》）。烂壳粉∶治反胃，心胸痰饮，
用
疮
痱痒（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶蚌粉与海蛤粉同功，皆水产也。治病之要，只在清热行湿而已。《日
华》言其治疳。近有
【附方】新六。
反胃吐食∶用真正蚌粉，每服称过二钱，捣生姜汁一盏，再入米醋同调送下。（《急救
良方》）
痰饮咳嗽∶用真蚌粉新瓦炒红，入青黛少许，用淡齑水滴麻油数点，调服二钱。《类编》
云∶徽宗时，李防御为入内医官时，有宠妃病痰嗽，终夕不寐，面浮如盘。徽宗呼李治之，
诏令供状，三日不效当诛。李忧惶技穷，与妻泣别。忽闻外叫卖∶咳嗽药一文一帖，吃了即
得睡。李市十帖视之，其色浅碧。恐药性犷悍，并三服自试之，无他。乃取三帖为一，入内
授妃服之。是夕嗽止，比晓面消。内侍走报，天颜大喜，赐金帛值万缗。李恐索方，乃寻访
前卖药人，饮以酒，浓价求之，则此方也。云自少时从军，见主帅有此方，剽得以度余生耳。
痈疽赤肿∶用米醋和蚌蛤灰涂之，待其干，即易之。（《千金》）
雀目夜盲∶遇夜不能视物。用建昌军螺儿蚌粉三钱，为末，水飞过，雄猪肝一叶，披开
纳粉扎定，以第二米泔煮七分熟，仍别以蚌粉蘸食，以汁送下。一日一作。与夜明砂同功。
（《直指方》）
脚指湿烂∶用蚌蛤粉干搽之。（《寿域》）
积聚痰涎∶结于胸膈之间，心腹疼痛，日夜不止，或干呕哕食者，炒粉丸主之。用蚌粉
一两，以巴豆七粒同炒赤，去豆不用，醋和粉丸梧子大。每服二十丸，姜酒下。丈夫脐腹痛，
茴香汤下。女人血气痛，童便和酒下。（孙氏《仁存方》）
(Sourced from the Song Dynasty "Jia You Ben Cao")
[Names] Li Shizhen said: Clams (Beng) and cockles (Ge) belong to the same category but differ in shape. The elongated ones are generally called clams (Beng), while the round ones are generally called cockles (Ge). Therefore, the character 'Beng' derives from 'Feng' (abundant/plump), and 'Ge' derives from 'He' (close together/round), both being ideograms depicting shape. It is incorrect to mix the terms Ge and Beng in later generations.
[Collection of Explanations] Tao Hongjing said: Pheasants entering large waters transform into Shen (a mythical clam-like creature). Shen is indeed the clam (Beng).
Su Gong said: They grow among the Yangtze River, Han River, canals, and ditches. Old clams contain pearls, and their shells can be ground into powder. This is not the large type of Ge.
Li Shizhen said: There are many varieties of clams (Beng). They are found in rivers and lakes everywhere today, but are particularly abundant in Dongting Lake, the Han River, and the Mian River. Large ones are seven inches long, resembling oysters; small ones are three to four inches long, resembling Hainan Cockle Shell (Shi Jue Ming). Their meat is edible, and their shells can be made into powder. People in the Hu and Mian regions press them into ingot shapes for sale, calling it Clam Powder (Beng Fen), also known as Cockle Shell Powder (Ge Fen). In ancient times, it was called Shen Ash, used to whitewash walls and decorate tombs, similar to how forged stone (Duan Shi) is used today.
[Meat]
[Properties and Flavors] Sweet, salty, cold nature, non-toxic.
Kou Zongshi said: Slightly cold in nature. Consuming too much may induce wind disorders and stir up cold qi.
Zhu Zhenheng said: Ma Dao, clams (Beng), cockles (Ge), snails (Si), and clams (Xian) are largely similar with minor differences. Kou only mentioned coldness but did not mention dampness. Dampness generates heat; prolonged heat causes qi to rise, generating phlegm and wind. How can it be considered cold?
[Indications] Relieves thirst and clears heat, resolves alcohol toxicity, removes redness of the eyes (Meng Shen). Brightens vision, dispels dampness, treats women's consumptive disease with lower bleeding and irritability, resolves heat toxins, manages metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, hemorrhoids, and suppresses toxicity from Dan-Shi (mineral) drugs. Insert powdered Coptis Rhizome (Huang Lian) into the clam to extract juice, and apply drops to treat red eyes and blurred vision (Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao).
[Clam Powder]
[Properties and Flavors] Salty, cold nature, non-toxic.
Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao says: Can neutralize Ting Li Shi (Litharge).
Jing Yuan says: Can neutralize Sulfur (Liu Huang).
[Indications] Treats various types of Gan syndrome (pediatric malnutrition/dysentery complex), stops dysentery, and relieves vomiting and regurgitation. Mixed with vinegar and applied externally to treat carbuncles and swellings (Ri Hua Zi Bencao). Powder from rotten shells: Treats regurgitation (Fan Wei), phlegm-fluid retention in the chest and heart, and sores with itching (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: Clam powder (Beng Fen) has the same efficacy as Seashore Cockle Shell powder (Hai Ge Fen); both are aquatic products. The key to treating diseases with these lies solely in clearing heat and promoting the movement of dampness. Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao states it treats Gan syndrome. In recent times...
[Attached Prescriptions] Six new prescriptions.
Regurgitation and Vomiting: Use authentic Clam Powder (Beng Fen). Weigh two qian per dose. Crush fresh ginger juice (one zhan), add rice vinegar, mix well, and take orally. (Ji Jiu Liang Fang)
Phlegm-Fluid Retention and Cough: Stir-fry authentic Clam Powder (Beng Fen) on a new tile until red. Add a small amount of Indigo Naturalis (Qing Dai). Mix with light salt water and a few drops of sesame oil, then take two qian orally. *Lei Bian* records: During Emperor Huizong's reign, Li Fangyu served as an Imperial Physician. A favored concubine suffered from phlegm-cough, unable to sleep all night, with her face swollen like a plate. The Emperor summoned Li to treat her, ordering her to sign a guarantee that if she did not recover within three days, she would be executed. Li was anxious and desperate, bidding farewell to his wife in tears. Suddenly, he heard someone selling outside: "Cough medicine, one wen per packet, eat it and you will sleep." Li bought ten packets to inspect; they were pale green. Fearing the drug's potency, he tested three doses himself with no adverse effects. He combined three packets into one, submitted it to the palace for the concubine. That night, the cough stopped, and by dawn, the facial swelling subsided. An eunuch reported this, and the Emperor was greatly pleased, bestowing gold and silk worth ten thousand min. Fearing the demand for the prescription, Li sought out the seller, treated him to wine, and paid a high price to acquire the formula. It was indeed this prescription. The seller claimed he learned it from his commander when serving in the army since youth, stole it, and used it to survive.
Carbuncles and Ulcers with Red Swelling: Mix clam and cockle shell ash with rice vinegar and apply to the affected area. Change the application once dry. (Qian Jin Fang)
Night Blindness (Que Mu): Inability to see at night. Use three qian of Lu'er Clam Powder (Beng Fen) from Jianchang Army. Grind into fine powder and process by water flotation. Take one leaf of male pig liver, split it open, insert the powder, tie it securely, and boil in the second rice-washing water until 70% cooked. Additionally, dip the cooked liver in Clam Powder (Beng Fen) before eating, swallowing with the cooking liquid. Apply once daily. Has the same efficacy as Night-shining Sand (Ye Ming Sha). (Zhi Zhi Fang)
Wet Rot of Toes: Dry-dust the affected area with Clam and Cockle Shell Powder (Beng Ge Fen). (Shou Yu Shen Fang)
Accumulation of Phlegm-Saliva: Accumulates between the chest and diaphragm, causing heart and abdominal pain that persists day and night, or dry retching and inability to keep food down. Treat with stir-fried powder pills. Use one liang of Clam Powder (Beng Fen), stir-fry together with seven seeds of Croton Seed (Ba Dou) until red, remove the beans and discard. Mix the powder with vinegar to form pills the size of wu zi (wu berry). Take twenty pills per dose with ginger-wine. For men with umbilical abdominal pain, take with Fennel Decoction. For women with blood-qi pain, take with child's urine mixed with wine. (Sun Shi Ren Cun Fang)