（《本经》下品）
【释名】贯节（《本经》）、贯渠（《本经》）、百头（《本经》、又名虎卷、扁苻）、草鸱
头（《别录》）、黑狗脊（《纲目》）、凤尾草（《图经》）。
时珍曰∶此草叶茎如凤尾，其根一本而众枝贯之，故草名凤尾，根名贯众、贯节、贯渠
。渠者，魁也。《吴普本草》作贯中，俗名贯仲、管仲者，皆谬称也。《尔雅》云∶泺（
音灼），贯众，即此也。《别录》一名伯萍，一名药藻，皆字讹也。金星草一名凤尾草，与此
同名，宜互考之。
弘景曰∶近道皆有之。叶如大蕨。其根形色毛芒，全似老鸱头，故呼为草鸱头。
【集解】《别录》曰∶贯众生玄山山谷及冤句少室山。二月、八月采根，阴干。
普曰∶叶青黄色，两两相对，茎有黑毛，丛生，冬夏不死。四月花白，七月实黑，聚相
连卷旁生。三月、八月采根，五月采叶。
保升曰∶苗似狗脊，状如雉尾，根直多枝，皮黑肉赤，曲者名草鸱头，所在山谷阴处则
有之。
颂曰∶今陕西、河东州郡及荆、襄间多有之，而少有花者。春生苗，赤。叶大如蕨。茎
干三棱。叶绿色似鸡翎，又名凤尾草。其根紫黑色，形如犬爪，下有黑须毛，又似老鸱。郭
璞注《尔雅》云∶叶圆锐，茎毛黑，布地，冬不死，《广雅》谓之贯节是矣。
时珍曰∶多生山阴近水处。数根丛生，一根数茎，茎大如箸，其涎滑。其叶两两对生，
如狗脊之叶而无锯齿，青黄色，面深背浅。其根曲而有尖嘴，黑须丛簇，亦似狗脊根而大，
状如伏鸱。
根
【气味】苦，微寒，有毒。
之才曰∶ 菌、赤小豆为之使，伏石钟乳。
【主治】腹中邪热气，诸毒，杀三虫（《本经》）。去寸白，破症瘕，除头风，止金疮（《别
录》）。为末，水服一钱，止鼻血有效（苏颂）。治下血崩中带下，产后血气胀痛，斑疹毒，
漆毒，骨哽。解猪病（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶贯众大治妇人血气，根汁能制三黄，化五金，伏钟乳，结砂制汞，且
能解毒软坚。王海藏治夏月痘出不快，快斑散用之。云贯众有毒，而能解腹中邪热之毒。病
因内感而发之于外者多效，非古法之分经也。又黄山谷《煮豆帖》，言荒年以黑豆一升 净
，入贯众一斤，锉如骰子大，同以水煮，文火斟酌至豆熟，取出日干，覆令展尽余汁，簸去
贯众。每日空心 豆五、七粒，能食百草木枝叶有味可饱。又王 《百一选方》，言滁州蒋
教授，因食鲤鱼玉蝉羹，为肋肉所哽，凡药皆不效。或令以贯众浓煎汁一盏半，分三服，连
进至夜，一咯而出。亦可为末，水服一钱。观此可知其软坚之功，不但治血、治疮而已也。
【附方】新一十五。
鼻衄不止∶贯众根末，水服一钱。（《普济方》）
诸般下血∶肠风酒痢，血痔鼠痔下血。黑狗脊，黄者不用，须内肉赤色者，即本草贯众
也。去皮毛，锉焙为末。每服二钱，空心米饮下。或醋糊丸梧子大，每米饮下三、四十丸。
或烧存性，出火毒为末，入麝香少许，米饮服二钱。（《普济方》）
女人血崩∶贯众半两，煎酒服之，立止。（《集简方》）
产后亡血∶过多，心腹彻痛者。用贯众状如刺 者一个，全用不锉，只揉去毛及花萼，
以
赤白带下∶年深，诸药不能疗者，用上方治之亦验，名独圣汤。方同上。年深咳嗽出脓
血。贯众、苏方木等分，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜三片，煎服，日二服。久咳，渐成劳瘵。
凤尾草为末，用鱼 蘸食之。（《圣惠方》）痘疮不快∶快斑散∶用贯众、赤芍药各一钱，升
麻、甘草各五分。入淡竹叶三片，水一盏半，煎七分，温服。（王海藏方）
头疮白秃∶贯众、白芷为末，油调涂之。又方∶贯众烧末，油调涂。（《圣惠方》）
漆疮作痒∶油调贯众末，涂之。（《千金方》）
鸡鱼骨哽∶贯众、缩砂、甘草等分。为粗末，绵包少许，含之咽汁，久则随痰自出。（《普
济方》）解轻粉毒∶齿缝出血，臭肿。贯众、黄连各半两。煎水，入冰片少许，时时漱之。（
陆氏《积德堂方》）
血痢不止∶凤尾草根（即贯众）五钱，煎酒服。陈解元吉言所传。（《集简方》）
便毒肿痛∶贯众，酒服二钱，良。（《多能鄙事》）
花
【主治】恶疮，令人泄（《别录》）。
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**[Names]** Guan Jie (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Guan Qu (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Bai Tou (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*, also known as Hu Juan, Bian Fu), Cao Chi Tou (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*), Hei Gou Ji (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Feng Wei Cao (from *Tujing Bencao*).
Li Shizhen said: The leaves and stems of this herb resemble a phoenix's tail. Its root consists of one main body with numerous branches penetrating through it; hence the grass is named Feng Wei (Phoenix Tail Grass), and the root is named Guan Zhong (Penetrating Mass Root), Guan Jie, or Guan Qu. "Qu" means chief or head. *Wu Pu Bencao* writes it as "Guan Zhong". The common names "Guan Zhong" and "Guan Zhong" are erroneous. *Erya* states: Luo (pronounced zhuo), which is Guan Zhong, refers to this plant. *Mingyi Bie Lu* calls it Bo Ping or Yao Zao, which are character errors. Jin Xing Cao is also called Feng Wei Cao, sharing the same name; they should be cross-referenced.
Tao Hongjing said: It grows in nearby regions. The leaves resemble large ferns. The root's color, shape, and hairy spikes completely resemble an old owl's head, hence the name Cao Chi Tou (Grass Owl Head).
**[Collection and Explanation]** *Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Guan Zhong grows in the valleys of Xuan Mountain and the Shaoshi Mountain area of Yuanju. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the shade.
Wu Pu said: The leaves are yellowish-green, growing opposite each other. The stems have black hairs, grow in clumps, and do not die in winter or summer. It bears white flowers in April and black fruits in July, which cluster together and curl sideways. Roots are harvested in March and August, and leaves in May.
Su Baosheng said: The seedling resembles Gou Ji (Cibotium Barometz), shaped like a pheasant's tail. The root is straight with many branches, black skin, and red flesh. The curved ones are called Cao Chi Tou. They are found in shady places in valleys wherever they grow.
Su Song said: It is abundant in Shaanxi, Hedong prefectures, and between Jingzhou and Xiangyang, but rarely flowers. Seedlings emerge in spring, reddish in color. Leaves are as large as ferns. Stems are triangular. Leaves are green, resembling chicken feathers, hence also called Feng Wei Cao. The root is purple-black, shaped like a dog's claw, with black hairy roots below, resembling an old owl. Guo Pu, annotating *Erya*, stated: Leaves are round and sharp, stems have black hairs, spread on the ground, and do not die in winter. This matches what *Guangya* calls Guan Jie.
Li Shizhen said: It mostly grows in mountainous areas near water. Several roots grow in clusters; one root has multiple stems, thick as chopsticks, with slippery mucus. Leaves grow opposite each other, resembling Gou Ji leaves but without serrated edges, yellowish-green, dark on the upper surface and light on the lower. The root is curved with a pointed tip, clustered with black hairs, resembling Gou Ji roots but larger, shaped like a crouching owl.
**Root**
**[Flavor and Properties]** Bitter, slightly cold, toxic.
Xu Zhicai said: Jun (likely referring to a specific fungus or herb contextually implied) and Chi Xiao Dou (Adzuki Bean) act as its guiding herbs; it can neutralize Shi Zhong Ru (Stalactite).
**[Indications]** Treats evil heat qi in the abdomen, various toxins, and kills three types of parasites (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Removes Cun Bai (Taenia solium), breaks up masses and accumulations, eliminates wind headaches, and stops bleeding from metal wounds (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*). When powdered and taken with water (one qian), it effectively stops epistaxis (Su Song). Treats lower bleeding, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, postpartum blood qi distension and pain, erysipelas toxin, lacquer poison, and bone splinters. Resolves swine diseases (Li Shizhen).
**[Elucidation]** Li Shizhen said: Guan Zhong primarily treats women's blood qi disorders. The root juice can restrain San Huang (Three Yellows), dissolve five metals, subdue Zhong Ru (Stalactite), condense sand mercury, and possesses detoxifying and softening-hardness properties. Wang Haizang used it for slow eruption of smallpox in summer, employing Kuai Ban San (Rapid Eruption Powder). He stated that although Guan Zhong is toxic, it can resolve the toxicity of evil heat in the abdomen. It is effective for diseases originating internally and manifesting externally, differing from ancient methods of treating by meridian distribution. Additionally, Huang Shan Gu's *Zhu Dou Tie* (Boiling Beans Letter) mentions that during famines, one liter of clean black beans is mixed with one jin of Guan Zhong, chopped into dice-sized pieces, and boiled together in water over gentle heat until the beans are cooked. They are then removed, sun-dried, covered to drain remaining juice, and winnowed to remove Guan Zhong. Eating five to seven beans daily on an empty stomach allows one to consume various edible plant leaves and branches. Furthermore, Wang Qiu's *Bai Yi Xuan Fang* records that Jiang Jiaoshou of Chuzhou was choked by rib meat while eating carp and jade ciclop soup; all medicines failed. Someone advised him to take one and a half cups of strong decoction of Guan Zhong, divided into three doses, administered continuously until night, resulting in the object being coughed out in one go. It can also be powdered and taken with water (one qian). From this, we can see its softening-hardness efficacy extends beyond just treating blood disorders and sores.
**[Attached Prescriptions]** Fifteen new prescriptions.
Epistaxis unceasing: Powdered root of Guan Zhong, taken with water, one qian. (*Puji Fang*)
Various types of lower bleeding: Intestinal wind, alcoholic dysentery, bloody hemorrhoids, rat hemorrhoids bleeding. Use Hei Gou Ji (Black Dog Spine); yellow ones are not used. Must select those with red interior flesh, which is the Guan Zhong in this materia medica. Remove skin and hairs, chop and roast into powder. Take two qian per dose with rice drink on an empty stomach. Alternatively, make pills the size of wu zi seeds with vinegar paste, taking thirty to forty pills with rice drink. Alternatively, calcine to retain nature, eliminate fire toxicity, powder, add a little She Xiang (Musk), and take two qian with rice drink. (*Puji Fang*)
Women's metrorrhagia: Half liang of Guan Zhong, decocted in wine and taken, stops immediately. (*Ji Jian Fang*)
Postpartum blood loss: If excessive, causing piercing heart and abdominal pain. Use one piece of Guan Zhong resembling a thorn, use whole without chopping, only rub off hairs and calyx... [Text appears fragmented here in source]
Leukorrhea (white and discharge): For chronic cases unresponsive to other medicines, use the above prescription, which is effective, named Du Sheng Tang (Single Sage Decoction). Formula same as above. Chronic cough with pus and blood: Equal parts Guan Zhong and Su Fang Mu (Sappan Wood), take three qian per dose with one cup of water and three slices of fresh ginger, decoct and take twice daily. Chronic cough gradually becomes consumption. Powdered Feng Wei Cao, dip fish in it and eat. (*Sheng Hui Fang*) Slow eruption of smallpox: Kuai Ban San: One qian each of Guan Zhong and Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root), five fen each of Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga) and Gan Cao (Licorice). Add three slices of Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatherum), one and a half cups of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm. (Wang Haizang's formula)
Head sores and tinea capitis: Powdered Guan Zhong and Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica), mixed with oil and applied. Another method: Calcined Guan Zhong powder, mixed with oil and applied. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Itching from lacquer dermatitis: Oil-mixed Guan Zhong powder applied. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Chicken or fish bone stuck in throat: Equal parts Guan Zhong, Suo Sha (Amomum Villosum), and Gan Cao. Coarsely powdered, wrapped in cotton, held in mouth to swallow juice; eventually comes out with phlegm. (*Puji Fang*) Resolve Qing Fen (Calomel) toxicity: Bleeding gums, foul swelling. Half liang each of Guan Zhong and Huang Lian (Coptis). Decoct in water, add a little Bing Pian (Borneol), rinse mouth frequently. (Lu's *Ji De Tang Fang*)
Bloody dysentery unceasing: Five qian of Feng Wei Cao root (i.e., Guan Zhong), decocted in wine and taken. Passed down by Chen Jieyuan Ji. (*Ji Jian Fang*)
Abscess swelling and pain: Two qian of Guan Zhong taken with wine, effective. (*Duo Neng Bi Shi*)
**Flower**
**[Indications]** Malignant sores, causes diarrhea (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*).