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[Name] Kuyi. Li Shizhen stated: "Yi" refers to the heart of the lotus seed. This plant tastes bitter like the lotus seed heart, hence sharing the same name.
[Collection and Explanation] Meng Shen stated: "Kuyi" grows by the marshes; its stem resembles that of *Kalimeris indica* (Ma Lan), and its flower resembles that of chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum is sweet while Kuyi is bitter; the saying "bitter as Kuyi" refers to this.
Li Shizhen stated: "Kuyi" is extremely abundant in fields and wilds everywhere, indistinguishable from chrysanthemum, except that its leaves are thinner, smaller, and more pointed; its flowers are small with numerous stamens, resembling a honeycomb. Its odor and taste are bitter, pungent, and harsh.
Root, Leaf, Stem, Flower
[Odor and Taste] Bitter, Pungent, Warm, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Regulates the middle jiao and stops diarrhea, breaks blood stasis; suitable for women with old blood accumulation in the abdomen (Meng Shen). Treats carbuncles, sores, and ding toxins, scrofula, and eye diseases (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions. Carbuncle, furuncle, and ding swelling: All kinds of nameless swellings and toxins. *Sun's Collected Effective Prescriptions*: Use wild chrysanthemum flowers with stems, pound into a paste, decoct with wine, take hot to induce sweating, and apply the dregs topically for cure. *Hygiene Easy and Simple Prescriptions*: Use one handful of wild chrysanthemum stems and leaves, and one handful of *Xanthium strumarium* (Cang Er) herbs, pound together, add one bowl of wine, squeeze out the juice and drink, apply dregs topically, induce sweating for cure. Alternatively, collect *Xanthium* leaves on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, and wild chrysanthemum on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, grind into powder. Take three qian with wine each time; this is also effective. Tianpao damp sores: Decoct roots of wild chrysanthemum and jujube wood, wash with the decoction. (*Medical Integration*) Scrofula unruptured: Pound roots of wild chrysanthemum, decoct with wine, drink, and apply dregs topically. The mass will resolve spontaneously; if not, it will rupture spontaneously. (*Rui Zhutang Experience Prescriptions*)

(Yin Yanlü, Upper Grade of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Name] Fulu.
Li Shizhen stated: "An" means a thatched hut. "Lu" means a village gate. This herb belongs to the *Artemisia* genus; its old stems can be used to cover huts and gates, hence the name. *Zhenyuan Guangli Fang* calls it Anlü Hao. Historical annotations state: "Anlu" refers to military quarters during marches. Thus, "Lu" should likely be written as "Lu".
[Collection and Explanation] *Mingyi Bielu* states: "Anlü Zi" grows in the rivers and valleys of Yongzhou, and also along roads in Shangdang; harvest fruits in the tenth lunar month and dry in shade. Tao Hongjing stated: It resembles *Artemisia* or *Ai*; found everywhere near roads; used in immortal texts; planted by households to repel snakes. Su Song stated: Found in Jianghuai today. Sprouts in spring, leaves resemble *Artemisia*, two to three chi high. Flowers in seventh lunar month, fruits in eighth, harvested in ninth. Li Shizhen stated: Anlü leaves do not resemble *Ai*; they resemble chrysanthemum leaves but are thinner, with many fine branches, green on both sides. Height up to four or five chi; stems are white, thicker than *Ai*. Opens fine pale yellow flowers in eighth-ninth lunar months. Bears small fruits like *Ai* seeds, containing tiny seeds, reproducing easily. Florists use it to graft chrysanthemums.
Seed
[Odor and Taste] Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* states: Slightly warm. Lei Gong stated: Shennong, Lei Gong, Tongjun, Qibo: Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. Li Dangzhi: Warm. Xu Zhicai: Pungent, Bitter.
Xu Zhicai stated: *Jingshi* and *Yiyi* serve as guiding drugs.
[Indications] Five zang organ blood stasis, fluid qi in abdomen, abdominal distension with retained heat, wind-cold-damp bi, various body pains. Long-term consumption lightens the body, extends life, prevents aging (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats hardness below the heart, cold-heat in the diaphragm, generalized bi, amenorrhea in women, aids digestion and brightens eyes. Eating it makes one an immortal (*Mingyi Bielu*). Tonifies qi, treats male impotence, resolves epigastric fullness (Zhen Quan). Heavy pain in waist and legs, bladder pain, joint soreness, loss of appetite (Daming). Grind and drink with wine to treat sprain-induced lower back pain and postpartum blood-qiang pain (Li Shizhen).
[Invention/Commentary] Su Song stated: *Shennong Bencao Jing* mentions long-term consumption lightens the body and prevents aging, yet ancient formulas rarely used it for ingestion; it was only included in miscellaneous treatments, such as Hu Qia's Jingxie Ligut Wan. Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Yifang* and *Weizhou Duxing Fang* treat traumatic blood stasis, using single Anlü decocted in water or taken as powder. Modern practitioners often use this method for trauma, either as liquid or powder, with rapid effects.
Li Shizhen stated: *Wu Pu Bencao* and *Mingyi Bielu* mention eating Anlü makes one an immortal; this implies longevity. "Nai" is a beast name, resembling a mule but smaller, with long front legs and short hind legs, unable to feed itself, carrying Jueshu mice to bite and feed it.
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, two new.
Amenorrhea due to wind-cold and blood accumulation: One sheng of Anlü Zi, two sheng of Taoren (soaked in wine, skin and tips removed). Grind uniformly, place in a jar, soak in two dou of wine, seal for five days. Drink three he per dose, three times daily. (*Shenghui Fang*)
Postpartum blood pain: One liang of Anlü Zi. One sheng of water, two cups of urine from a young boy. Decoct and drink. (*Pinhu Jijian Fang*)
[Appendix] Duilu *Mingyi Bielu* lists as "Named but Unused": Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Treats chronic tinea that does not heal, necrotic tissue, removes excessive heat; decoct and wash. Resembles Anlü. Harvest in eighth lunar month.