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(From *Shu Bencao*)

[Names] Ci Li Zi (Thorn Pear), from *Kaibao Bencao*; Shan Shi Liu (Mountain Pomegranate), from *Bencao Gangmu*.
Li Shizhen stated: "Jin Ying" should be written as "Jin Ying" (Golden Urn), referring to the shape of its fruit resembling a yellow urn. Pomegranate and Jitou (Euryale Seed) are named after their shapes. Furthermore, Rhododendron and Berberis are also called Shan Shi Liu, but they are not the same substance.
Su Song stated: Lin Qin and Xiang Li Zi are also called Jin Ying Zi, sharing the name but being different substances.

[Collection and Explanation] Han Baosheng stated: Jin Ying Zi grows in various places. The flowers are white. The fruit resembles...
Su Song stated: It is currently abundant in southern prefectures, with those from Jiangxi, Jiannan, and Lingwai being superior. It grows in clusters in suburbs and wild areas, similar to Rosa multiflora, with thorns.
It blooms white flowers in April. It bears fruit in summer and autumn, also possessing thorns, appearing yellowish-red, shaped like small pomegranates. It is harvested in November and December. People in Jiangnan and Shu regions boil it into a paste and take it with wine, claiming special efficacy in tonification and treatment. The tribute supplied from Yizhou is said to be the "Ying Shi" mentioned in herbal texts. Upon verification, it is distinct from Ying Shi.
Li Shizhen stated: It is very common in mountainous forests. The flowers are extremely white and fine. The fruits are as large as a finger, longer than pomegranates. Its seeds are finely fragmented with white hairs, resembling the seeds of Ying Shi but with a very astringent taste.

[Flavor and Toxicity] Sour, astringent, neutral nature, non-toxic.

[Indications] Spleen deficiency diarrhea and dysentery, cessation of frequent urination, astringency of essence and qi. Long-term consumption makes one resistant to cold and lightens the body (*Shu Bencao*).

[Elucidation] Su Song stated: Hongzhou and Changzhou both boil its fruits to make pastes for gifting. Families engaged in dietary therapy mix the paste with Euryale Seed powder to make pills, named "Shui Lu Dan" (Water-Land Pill), which is excellent for benefiting qi and tonifying true essence.
Kou Zongshi stated: Shen Kuo in *Bitan* said: Jin Ying Zi stops seminal emission and leakage because it is warm and astringent. Common people wait until the fruit is fully red and ripe to extract juice and boil it into a paste. The taste becomes sweet, completely losing the astringent flavor and thus its original nature, which is a major error. One should only select semi-yellow fruits, dry them, and grind them into powder for use.
Chen Cheng stated: Harvest when mature under frost in September and October. Otherwise, it may cause diarrhea instead.
Zhu Zhenheng stated: Meridians and collaterals are in a state of peace when unobstructed. Ignorant people seek pleasure by consuming boiled Jin Ying paste. If they fail to maintain moderation, who shall bear the blame?
Li Shizhen stated: Taking it without cause to satisfy sexual desire is inadvisable. However, if taken by those with insecure essence and qi, what fault is there?

[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, two new prescriptions.
Jin Ying Zi Jian: After frost, pick using bamboo tongs, pound in a wooden mortar to remove thorns, split open and remove seeds. Wash with water, pound into a pulp. Place in a large pot, decoct with water without letting the fire cease. Decoct until reduced by half, filter, then continue boiling until it resembles thin syrup. Take one spoonful per dose, administered with warm wine. The efficacy cannot be fully described (*Sun Taoren Shiji*).
Tonify Blood and Benefit Essence: Jin Ying Zi (i.e., Shan Shi Liu, remove thorns and seeds, bake) 4 liang, Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit) 2 liang. Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, with warm wine on an empty stomach (*Qixiao Liangfang*).
Chronic Dysentery Not Ceasing: A strict and superb formula. Ingredients: Poppy Shell (vinegar-fried) and Jin Ying Zi (flower, leaf, and fruit) in equal parts. Grind into powder, form pills with honey the size of Euryale seeds. Take 5-7 pills per dose, dissolved in Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel) decoction (*Pujifang*).

[Flower]
[Flavor and Toxicity] Same as the fruit.
[Indications] Stops cold or hot dysentery, kills Ascaris lumbricoides and roundworms. Mix evenly with Iron Powder and apply to white hair to promote black regrowth. Can also be used to dye beard and hair (*Daming Bencao*).

[Leaf]
[Indications] Carbuncles and swellings. Pound tender leaves, add a little salt, and apply topically, leaving the head exposed to vent pathogenic qi. For traumatic bleeding (golden wounds), harvest on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Mix in equal parts with Mulberry Leaf and Ramie Leaf, dry in shade, grind into powder, and apply. Bleeding stops and wounds close. Named "Junzhong Yi Nian Jin" (One Pinch of Gold in the Army) (Li Shizhen).

[East-Growing Root]
[Flavor and Toxicity] Same as the fruit.
[Indications] Ascaris lumbricoides. Chop 2 liang, add 30 grains of glutinous rice, 2 sheng of water, decoct to 0.5 sheng. Take on an empty stomach; worms will be expelled shortly thereafter, with miraculous effect.
The bark, when stir-fried, stops bloody diarrhea and leukorrhea due to uterine bleeding (*Daming Bencao*).
Stops slippery dysentery; decoct with vinegar and take to dissolve fish bones (Li Shizhen).