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(Pronounced "can". From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])

【Jijie (Collected Explanations)】
Zang Qi stated: Zancai grows in the shady places of Jiangnan. It resembles Yimucao (Leonurus japonicus), has a square stem with opposite nodes, and bears white flowers.
Li Shizhen stated: This is the white-flowered variety of Yimucao (Leonurus japonicus), which corresponds to what is called "Can" in *Erya*. The purple-flowered variety corresponds to "KT" (character missing/variant) in *Erya*. Both names share the same pronunciation and represent two varieties of the same plant. Therefore, this entry also treats blood disorders, with efficacy identical to Yimucao (Leonurus japonicus). Guo Pu alone identified the white-flowered one as Yimucao (Leonurus japonicus), while Zan Yin claimed the white-flowered one was not Yimucao (Leonurus japonicus); both lacked detailed and rigorous examination. The tender shoots are edible, hence it is called "Cai" (vegetable). Kou Zongshi stated that the tender shoots of Chongwei (Leonurus japonicus) can be boiled for food, which aligns perfectly with this description.

【Miao (Shoots)】
【Qiwēi (Odor and Flavor)】Acrid, neutral, non-toxic.
【Zhuzhi (Main Indications)】Breaks blood stasis, treats postpartum abdominal pain; decocted in water and taken orally (recorded by Zang Qi).

(Wei, pronounced "mei". Listed in the Superior Grade of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)

【Shiming (Names)】
Mixian (*Shennong Bencao Jing*), Luxian (*Tang Bencao* [Tang Dynasty Supplement to Materia Medica]), Wufengcao (*Tang Bencao*), Wuxin (*Wu Pu Bencao* [Wu Pu's Materia Medica]), Wudian (*Wu Pu Bencao*), Chenggao (*Mingyi Bie Lu* [Record of Famous Physicians]), Chengji (*Wu Pu Bencao*).
Su Gong stated: People in the south call it Wufengcao. It is also known as Luxiancao (Deer-Grasping Grass), saying that when a deer is ill, grasping this grass in its mouth leads to recovery.
Li Shizhen stated: According to Su Song's explanation, Weixian and Mixian should be written as Mixian. Deer and Elk belong to the same category. According to Li Daoyuan's *Shuijing Zhu* [Commentary on the Water Classic]: "Weixing Xishan produces abundant Weixiancao; it does not bend in the wind, but sways alone when there is no wind." Thus, "Wufeng" should also be read as "Wufeng" (No Wind), which makes sense.
Zang Qi stated: Also named Wuxincao (Heartless Grass), not because the grass lacks a heart, but because it is rarely used in prescriptions.

【Jijie (Collected Explanations)】
*Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Weixian grows in the rivers and marshes of Hanzhong, as well as in Yuanju and Handan. The stems and leaves are harvested in the seventh month and dried in the shade.
Su Gong stated: This herb grows in clumps, resembling Chongwei (Leonurus japonicus) and Baitouweng (Pulsatilla chinensis). Its leaves are hairy, and its stem is red. There are two varieties, large and small: People in Chu call the large one Dawufengcao (Large Wu Wind Grass) and the small one Xiaowufengcao (Small Wu Wind Grass).
Bao Sheng stated: The leaves resemble those of Chongwei (Leonurus japonicus), growing in clumps with hairs. The flowers are yellow, and the roots are reddish-black.

【Jingye (Stems and Leaves)】
【Qiwēi (Odor and Flavor)】Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Slightly cold.
Xu Zhicai stated: Works well when combined with Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex).
【Zhuzhi (Main Indications)】Rheumatic bi-syndrome, Lijietong (pain moving through joints), epilepsy with tongue protrusion, palpitations and erratic qi, Zeifeng (thief-wind/sudden pathogenic wind), Shulou yongzhong (scrofula and carbuncles/swellings) (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Baozheng (acute accumulation/masses), drives out water, treats Wei jue (flaccidity and inability to walk). Long-term use lightens the body and brightens the eyes (*Mingyi Bie Lu*). Women who take it will become sterile and have no children (recorded by Zang Qi). Decocted in water and washed externally, it treats Biaojü, Jiaju, and evil sores (recorded by Li Shizhen, from *Waike Jingyi* [Essentials of Surgery]).

【Faming (Elucidation)】
Li Shizhen stated: Mixian is the herb used in *Suwen* [Basic Questions of the Yellow Emperor] to treat wind disease with spontaneous sweating, yet later generations did not know to use it, which is indeed an omission. *Suwen*: The Yellow Emperor said: "There is a person with body heat, lethargy, profuse sweating like bathing, aversion to wind, and shortness of breath. What disease is this?" Qibo replied: "The disease is named Jiufeng (Alcohol Wind). Treat it with Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) each 3-5 fen, and Mixian 5 fen. Mix them and take three finger-pinches as medicine taken after meals. 'After meals' means taking the medicine before eating."

【Fufang (Attached Prescriptions)】 Two new prescriptions.
Chronic evil sores: Wuxincao root, Diaoling root, Yelangdu (Nolanae Radix or similar toxic root), Baixiangding (Stercus Columbae) each 5 qian, Moshe (Moschus) one zi. Grind into powder and apply externally. Another method:
Pediatric tetanus with spasms and trismus: Mixincao half liang, Baifuzi (prepared) 2.5 qian. Grind into powder. Take one zi per dose, administered with Bohejiu (Mint wine) (from *Shengji Zonglu* [General Records of the Sage's Relief]).

【Fulu (Appendix)】
Wuxincao (*Tujing Bencao* [Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica], Song Dynasty)
Su Song stated: Grows in Qinzhou and Shangzhou, produced in all counties of Fengxiang. Flowers in the third month, fruits in the fifth month. Roots and shoots are harvested in the sixth and seventh months and dried in the shade. Nature is warm, non-toxic. Treats accumulated blood, drives out qi masses, benefits sinews and joints, tonifies deficiency and damage, moistens complexion, treats diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Li Shizhen stated: Mixian is also named Wuxincao. This herb's functions are similar to Mixian, and its morphology is also similar; it is likely the same substance. Therefore, it is appended here pending further investigation. Shuercao (Mouse-Ear Grass) is also named Wuxin, but it is different from this one.