（《纲目》）
【释名】阿片。
时珍曰∶俗作鸦片，名义未详。或云∶阿，方音称我也。以其花色似芙蓉而得此名。
【集解】时珍曰∶阿芙蓉前代罕闻，近方有用者，云是罂粟花之津液也。罂粟结青苞时，
午后以大针刺其外面青皮，勿损里面硬皮，或三、五处，次早津出，以竹刀刮，收入瓷器，
阴干用之。故今市者犹有苞片在内。王氏《医林集要》言是天方国种红罂粟花，不令水淹头，
七、八月花谢后，刺青皮取之者。案∶此花五月实枯，安得七、八月后尚有青皮？或方土不
同乎？
【气味】酸，涩，温，微毒。
【主治】泻痢脱肛不止，能涩丈夫精气（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶俗人房中术用之。京师售一粒金丹，云通治百病，皆方伎家之术耳。
【附方】新四。
久痢∶阿芙蓉小豆许，空心温水化下，日一服。忌葱、蒜、浆水。若渴，饮蜜水解之。
（
赤白痢下∶鸦片、木香、黄连、白术各一分，研末，饭丸小豆大。壮者一分，老幼半分，
空心米饮下。忌酸物、生冷、油腻、茶、酒、面，无不止者。口渴，略饮米汤。一方∶罂粟
花未开时，外有两片青叶包之，花开即落，收取为末。每米饮服一钱，神效。赤痢用红花
者；白痢用白花者。
一粒金丹∶真阿芙蓉一分，粳米饭捣作三丸。每服一丸，未效再进一丸，不可多服。忌
醋，令人肠断。风瘫，热酒下；口目 邪，羌活汤下；百节痛，独活汤下。正头风，羌活汤
下。偏头风，川芎汤下。眩晕，防风汤下。阴毒，豆淋酒下。疟疾，桃、柳枝汤下。痰喘，
葶苈汤下。久嗽，干姜、阿胶汤下；劳嗽，款冬花汤下。吐泄，藿香汤下。赤痢，黄连汤下。
白痢，干姜汤下。禁口痢，白术汤下。诸气痛，木香酒下。热痛，栀子汤下。脐下痛，灯
汤下。小肠气，川楝子汤下。膀胱气，小茴香汤下。血气痛，乳香汤下。胁痛，热酒下。噎
食
（龚云林《医鉴》）。
[Names] Opium.
Li Shizhen said: It is commonly known as "Yapian" (opium), and the origin of its name is unclear. Some say that "A" means "I" in a local dialect. It got this name because its flower color resembles that of the hibiscus.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen said: Afuyun (opium) was rarely heard of in previous dynasties, but it has been used in recent times in certain regions. It is said to be the juice of the poppy flower. When the poppy forms green capsules, large needles are used to prick the outer green skin in the afternoon after noon, without damaging the hard inner skin, making three to five punctures. The next morning, when the juice exudes, it is scraped off with a bamboo knife and collected in porcelain vessels to be dried in the shade for use. Therefore, what is currently sold in the market still contains parts of the capsule. Wang's *Yilin Jiyao* states that this comes from red poppies planted in the Tianfang region, where water does not cover the top, and the juice is extracted by pricking the green skin after the flowers wither in the seventh and eighth months. Examination: This plant withers after fruiting in May; how can there still be green skin in the seventh and eighth months? Perhaps it differs by geographical location?
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sour, astringent, warm, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Treats persistent diarrhea and dysentery leading to rectal prolapse; it can secure and retain the essence of men (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen said: Laypeople use it in sexual arts. In the capital, a pill called "Yili Jin Dan" (One Pill Golden Elixir) is sold, claiming to treat all diseases; these are merely techniques of charlatans.
[Attached Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions.
Chronic Dysentery: A small bean-sized amount of Afuyun (opium), dissolved in warm water on an empty stomach, taken once daily. Avoid scallions, garlic, and sour rice water. If thirsty, drink honey water to relieve thirst.
Dysentery with Red and White Discharge: Yapian (opium), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), and Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), each one fen, ground into powder, formed into pills the size of small beans using rice paste. Strong individuals take one fen; the elderly and children take half a fen, taken on an empty stomach with rice water. Avoid acidic foods, raw/cold items, greasy foods, tea, alcohol, and wheat products. There is no case that cannot be stopped. If thirsty, drink a little rice water. Another prescription: When the poppy flower has not yet opened, two green leaves wrap it externally; they fall off when the flower blooms. Collect them and grind into powder. Take one qian with rice water each time; it is highly effective. Use red poppy flowers for red dysentery; white poppy flowers for white dysentery.
Yili Jin Dan (One Pill Golden Elixir): One fen of genuine Afuyun (opium), pounded with cooked japonica rice into three pills. Take one pill per dose. If ineffective, take another pill. Do not overdose. Avoid vinegar, as it causes intestinal rupture. For wind-induced paralysis, take with hot wine; for facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eyes), take with Qianghuo Decoction; for pain in all joints, take with Duhuo Decoction. For frontal headache, take with Qianghuo Decoction. For lateral headache, take with Chuanxiong Decoction. For dizziness, take with Fangfeng Decoction. For Yin toxicity, take with Doulin Wine. For malaria, take with Peach and Willow Branch Decoction. For phlegm-wheezing, take with Tingli Decoction. For chronic cough, take with Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) Decoction; for consumption cough, take with Kuaodonghua (Coltsfoot Flower) Decoction. For vomiting and diarrhea, take with Huoxiang Decoction. For red dysentery, take with Huanglian Decoction. For white dysentery, take with Ganjiang Decoction. For anorexic dysentery, take with Baizhu Decoction. For various Qi pains, take with Muxiang Wine. For heat-pain, take with Zhizi Decoction. For pain below the umbilicus, take with Dengxincao (Juncus Effusus) Decoction. For Xiao Chang Qi (small intestine hernia), take with Chuanlianzi Decoction. For Bladder Qi, take with Xiaohuixiang Decoction. For Blood-Qi pain, take with Ruxiang Decoction. For hypochondriac pain, take with hot wine. For dysphagia (Gong Yunlin, *Yijian*).