（音劬欲。《唐本草》）
【释名】鸲鹆（《周礼》）、 鸟（《广韵》）、八哥（俗名）、寒皋（《万毕术》）。
时珍曰∶此鸟好浴水，其睛瞿瞿然，故名。王氏《字说》以为（其行欲也），尾而足勾，
故曰鸲鹆，从勾、从欲省，亦通。 其声也。天寒欲雪，则群飞如告，故曰寒皋。皋者，
告也。
【集解】恭曰∶ 鹆，似 而有帻者是也。
藏器曰∶五月五日取雏，剪去舌端，即能效人言，又可使取火也。
时珍曰∶ 鹆巢于鹊巢、树穴，及人家屋脊中。身首俱黑，两翼下各有白点。其舌如人
舌，剪剔能作人言。嫩则口黄，老则口白。头上有帻者，亦有无帻者。《周礼》鸲鹆不逾济
，地气使然也。
肉
【气味】甘，平，无毒。诜曰∶寒。
【主治】五痔止血。炙食，或为散饮服（《唐本》）。炙食一枚，治吃噫下气，通灵（《
日华》）。治老嗽。腊月腊日取得，五味腌炙食，或作羹食，或捣散蜜丸服之。非腊日者不
可用（孟诜）。
【附方】（原缺）
目睛
【主治】和乳汁研，滴目中，令人目明，能见霄外之物（藏器）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】反舌、 （音辖轧）。
时珍曰∶按∶《易通》卦验云∶能反复其舌如百鸟之音，故名。 ，亦象声。今俗呼
为牛屎 哥，为其形似鸲鹆而气臭也。《梵书》名舍罗。
【集解】藏器∶肖百舌，今之莺也。
时珍曰∶百舌处处有之，居树孔、窟穴中。状如鸲鹆而小，身略长，灰黑色，微有斑点
，喙亦尖黑，行则头俯，好食蚯蚓。立春后则鸣啭不已，夏至后则无声，十月后则藏蛰。人
或畜之，冬月则死。《月令》“仲夏反舌无声”，即此。蔡邕以为蛤蟆者，非矣。陈氏谓即
莺，服虔《通俗文》以 为白 乌者，亦非矣。音虽相似，而毛色不同。
肉
【气味】缺。
【主治】炙食，治小儿久不语，及杀虫（藏器）。
窠及粪
【主治】诸虫咬，研末涂之（藏器）。
(Pronounced "qu yu". From *Tang Bencao* [Compendium of Materia Medica of the Tang Dynasty].)
**Names:** Quyu (from *Zhou Li* [Rites of Zhou]), [Bird Name] (from *Guang Yun* [Broad Rhymes]), Baba Ge (common name), Han Gao (from *Wan Bi Shu*).
Li Shizhen states: This bird loves bathing, and its eyes stare widely, hence the name. Wang Zhu's *Zi Shuo* [Explanation of Characters] considers "Qu" to represent walking motion, and "Yu" to depict a curved tail and hooked feet, thus named Quyu, derived from the radical "Gou" [hook] and the abbreviated form of "Yu", which is also acceptable. Its sound is like "ga ga". When it is cold and snow is imminent, they fly in flocks as if announcing the weather, hence called Han Gao. "Gao" means "announce".
**Collected Explanations:** Su Gong says: The Yu resembles a crow but has a crest-like feather arrangement on its head.
Chen Zangqi says: Capture chicks on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, cut off the tips of their tongues, and they will be able to mimic human speech and can also be trained to fetch fire.
Li Shizhen says: Yu nests in magpie nests, tree hollows, and among the roof ridges of houses. Its body and head are entirely black, with white spots under each wing. Its tongue resembles a human tongue; after trimming, it can speak human language. Young birds have yellow beaks, while old ones have white beaks. Some have crests, others do not. The *Zhou Li* records that Quyu does not cross the Ji River, which is due to local climatic conditions.
**Meat**
**Flavor and Nature:** Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Meng Xiao says: Cold in nature.
**Indications:** Treats five types of hemorrhoids and stops bleeding. Roast and eat, or grind into powder and take with water (from *Tang Bencao*). Eating one roasted specimen treats hiccups and belching to promote the downward flow of Qi and enhance spiritual clarity (from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*). Treats chronic cough in the elderly. Catch during the twelfth lunar month on the La Festival day, pickle with five flavors, roast and eat, make into soup, or grind into powder and form into honey pills for consumption. Birds caught on days other than the La Festival are unusable (Meng Xiao).
**Attached Prescriptions:** (Missing in original text)
**Eyeballs**
**Indications:** Grind together with milk and apply drops into the eyes to brighten vision and enable seeing objects in the high sky (Chen Zangqi).
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**Names:** Fanshe [Reverse Tongue], [Bird Name] (pronounced "xia ya").
Li Shizhen says: According to *YiTong Guayan* [Divination Verification of the I Ching]: This bird can repeatedly extend and retract its tongue to produce sounds resembling those of a hundred birds, hence the name. [Bird Name] also imitates sounds. Currently, it is commonly called "Cow Dung Baba Ge" because its shape resembles Quyu but it has an odor. The Sanskrit texts call it "She Luo".
**Collected Explanations:** Chen Zangqi: Resembles the Fanshe bird, which is the current Ying [Oriole/Thrush].
Li Shizhen says: Fanshe birds are found everywhere, dwelling in tree holes and caves. They resemble Quyu but are smaller, slightly elongated, grayish-black with faint spots, have pointed black beaks, bow their heads when walking, and love eating earthworms. After the Start of Spring, they sing continuously; after the Summer Solstice, they become silent; after October, they hibernate and hide. If kept by humans, they die in winter. The *Yueling* [Monthly Ordinances] states "In mid-summer, Fanshe becomes silent," referring to this. Cai Yong's belief that it refers to frogs is incorrect. Chen's identification as Ying is correct, but Fu Qian's assertion in *Tongsu Wen* [Popular Texts] that it is a White Crow is incorrect. Although the sounds are similar, the plumage colors differ.
**Meat**
**Flavor and Nature:** Missing.
**Indications:** Roast and eat to treat prolonged muteness in children and to kill parasites (Chen Zangqi).
**Nest and Feces**
**Indications:** For various insect bites, grind into powder and apply topically (Chen Zangqi).