味辛,平,无毒。主止泄肠 ,除热,调中,益脾气,令人好色美志。一名牛桃。一名
英豆。实大如麦,多毛。四月采,阴干。
此非今果实樱桃,形乃相似,而实乖异,山间乃时有,方药亦不复用耳。(《新修》三六
七页,《大观》卷三十,《政和》五四六页)
味甘。主调中,益脾气,令人好颜色,美志。
此即今朱樱桃,味甘、酸,可食,而所主又与前婴桃相似。恐医家滥载之,未必是今者
尔。又故颓子凌冬不凋,子亦应益人,或云寒热病不可食。(《新修》二四九页,《大观》卷
二
味酸,平,无毒。主下气,除热烦满,安心,肢体痛,偏枯不仁,死肌,去青黑痣,恶
疾。止下痢,好唾,口干。生汉中川谷,五月采,火干。
此亦是今乌梅也,用之去核,微熬之。伤寒烦热,水渍饮汁。生梅子及白梅亦应相似。
今人多用白梅和药,以点痣,蚀恶肉也。服黄精人,云禁食梅实。(《新修》二五○页,《大
观
味甘,无毒,寒。主通鼻耳气,肠 不足。
柿有数种,云今乌柿火熏者,性热,断下,又治狗啮疮。火 者亦好,日干者性冷。鹿
心柿尤不可多食,令人腹痛利,生柿弥冷。又有 ,色青,惟堪生啖,其性冷复乃甚于柿,
散
页)
味酸,温,无毒。主治湿痹邪气,霍乱,大吐下,转筋不止。其枝亦可煮用。
山阴、兰亭尤多,彼人以为良药,最治转筋。转筋时,但呼其名及书上作木瓜字皆愈,
理
断利。《礼》云∶楂梨曰 之。郑公不识楂,乃云是梨之不藏者。然则古亦以楂为果,今则
不
[Cherry]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats stopping diarrhea and intestinal dysentery, eliminating heat, harmonizing the middle jiao, benefiting spleen qi, and promoting good complexion and pleasant mood. Also known as Niutao (Cow Peach). Also known as Yingdou (Ying Bean). The fruit is as large as wheat grains and is hairy. Harvested in April, dried in shade.
This is not the cherry fruit consumed today; although the shape is similar, the substance is different. It grows occasionally in mountainous areas but is no longer used in prescriptions. (Xinxiu Bencao, p. 367; Daguan Bencao, Vol. 30; Zhenghe Bencao, p. 546)
[Red Cherry]
Taste: Sweet. Indications: Mainly treats harmonizing the middle jiao, benefiting spleen qi, and promoting good complexion and pleasant mood.
This is the current Red Cherry (Zhu Yingtao), which tastes sweet and sour and is edible. Its indications are similar to those of the previous "Yingtao" (the non-edible variety mentioned above). It is feared that physicians have indiscriminately recorded it, and it may not be this specific type. Furthermore, the fruit of Guitui (a plant) does not fall in winter, so its fruit should also be beneficial to humans; some say it should not be eaten during cold-heat diseases. (Xinxiu Bencao, p. 249; Daguan Bencao, Vol. 2)
[Smoked Plum / Wumei]
Taste: Sour. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats descending qi, eliminating heat and fullness, calming the mind, treating limb pain, hemiplegia with numbness, dead muscle tissue, removing blue-black moles, and curing malignant diseases. Stops dysentery, reduces salivation, and relieves dry mouth. Grows in the rivers and valleys of Hanzhong. Harvested in May, dried by fire.
This is also the current Smoked Plum (Wumei). When used, remove the pit and lightly roast it. For restlessness and heat caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), soak in water and drink the juice. Fresh plums and white plums should have similar effects. Nowadays, people often use white plums combined with other herbs to treat moles and cauterize malignant flesh. Those taking Huangjing (Polygonatum Rhizome) are said to be forbidden from eating plum fruits. (Xinxiu Bencao, p. 250; Daguan Bencao)
[Persimmon]
Taste: Sweet. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Nature: Cold. Indications: Mainly treats unblocking the qi of the nose and ears, and treating insufficiency of the intestines.
There are several types of persimmons. It is said that the current smoked black persimmon has a hot nature, stops diarrhea, and also treats dog bite wounds. Fire-dried ones are also good; sun-dried ones have a cold nature. Lixin Shi (Deer Heart Persimmon) should especially not be eaten in excess, as it causes abdominal pain and diarrhea; raw persimmons are even colder. There is another type, green in color, suitable only for raw consumption, whose cold nature is even more severe than that of persimmons. [Text fragment] page)
[Quince / Papaya (Chaomue)]
Taste: Sour. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats wind-damp bi syndrome and pathogenic factors, cholera, severe vomiting and diarrhea, and continuous muscle cramps. Its branches can also be boiled for use.
They are particularly abundant in Shanyin and Lanting. Locals consider them excellent medicine, most effective for treating muscle cramps. When muscle cramps occur, simply calling out its name or writing the characters "Mu Gua" on paper can cure it. The principle is to stop diarrhea. The Book of Rites states: "Cha and Li are called 'Zhi'." Lord Zheng did not recognize Cha and said it was a pear that had not been stored properly. Thus, in ancient times, Cha was also considered a fruit, but now it is not... [Text truncated]