味甘、苦，平，无毒。主治僵仆跻，瘀血，骨痛。根皮∶大寒，主治消渴。止心烦逆奔
气。实∶味苦，主除痼热，调中。
李类又多。京口有麦李，麦秀时熟，小而甜脆，核不入药。今此用姑熟所出南居李。解
核如杏子者，为佳。凡李实熟食之皆好，不可合雀肉食，又不可临水上啖之。李皮水煎含之，
治
味苦，寒。多食令人寒中，主治金创，乳妇尤不可食。
梨种复殊多，并皆冷利，世人以为快果，不入药用，食之损人。（《新修》二五九页，《大
观》卷二十三，《政和》四七六页）
味苦，寒。多食令人胪胀，病患尤甚。
柰江南乃有，而北国最丰，皆以作脯，不宜人。有林檎相似而小，亦恐非益人者。枇杷
叶
和》四七八页）
味酸、甘，损人，不可多食。其酸实壳∶主治下痢，止漏精。其东行根∶主治蛔虫、寸
白。石榴以花赤可爱，故人多植之，尤为外国所重。入药唯根、壳而已，其味有甜、酢，药
家
味甘，平、寒，无毒。主令人悦泽，好颜色，益气，不饥。久服轻身，耐老。主除烦满
不乐，久服寒中。可作面脂，令悦泽。一名水芝。一名白爪子。生嵩高平泽。冬瓜仁也，
八月采之。
微寒。主除小腹水胀，利小便，止渴。
被霜后合取，置经年，破取核，水洗，燥，乃擂取人用之。冬瓜性冷利，解毒。消渴，
止烦闷，直捣，绞汁服之。（《新修》二六二页，《大观》卷二十七，《政和》五○四页）
(Li Fruit) Sweet and bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It treats stiff collapse (falling down rigidly) caused by blood stasis and bone pain. Root bark: Great cold in nature, treats Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting syndrome). It stops mental restlessness and rebellious Qi rushing upward. The fruit: Bitter in taste, treats the elimination of entrenched heat and harmonizes the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach).
There are many varieties of Li. In Jingkou, there is Mai Li (Wheat Plum), which ripens when wheat ears emerge; it is small, sweet, crisp, and its pit is not used in medicine. Currently, the Li from Gushu, specifically Nanju Li, is used. Those with pits resembling apricot pits are considered superior. All Li fruits are good when cooked, but they should not be eaten together with sparrow meat, nor should one eat them while near water. Boiled Li peel for mouth rinsing can treat...
(Li Pear) Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Excessive consumption causes Cold in the Middle Jiao. It treats Jin Chuang (metal weapon injuries); nursing mothers especially should not consume it.
There are numerous varieties of Li Pears, all possessing cold and purgative properties. People regard them as refreshing fruits, but they are not used in medicine, as eating them damages the human body. (Xinxiu Bencao page 259, Daguan Bencao Vol. 23, Zhenghe Bencao page 476)
(Nai - Apple-like fruit) Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Excessive consumption causes abdominal distension, which is particularly severe in patients.
Nai exists in Jiangnan, but is most abundant in the North, where it is mostly made into dried fruit preserves; it is not suitable for general consumption. There is a variety similar to Lin Qin (Chinese Quince) but smaller, which is likely also not beneficial to humans. Loquat leaves... He] page 478)
(Pomegranate) Sour and sweet in taste, damaging to the body, should not be consumed in excess. The husk of the sour fruit: Treats Li Ji (dysentery/diarrhea) and stops spermatorrhea/leakage of essence. The root growing towards the East: Treats Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworms) and Taenia solium (pork tapeworm/Cun Bai). Pomegranates are planted by many because their red flowers are lovely, and they are highly valued by foreign countries. Only the root and husk are used in medicine. Their tastes vary between sweet and sour; medicinal practitioners...
(Winter Melon) Sweet in taste, neutral and cold in nature, non-toxic. It makes the complexion lustrous and beautiful, benefits Qi, and prevents hunger. Long-term use lightens the body and promotes longevity. It primarily eliminates vexation, fullness, and unhappiness, but long-term use may cause Cold in the Middle Jiao. It can be made into facial cream to enhance luster. Also known as Shui Zhi (Water Lotus Seed) or Bai Zhua Zi (White Claw Seed). It grows on Mount Songgao and in flat marshlands. Winter melon seeds are also collected in August.
(Winter Melon Seeds) Slightly cold in nature. They primarily eliminate abdominal distension due to fluid accumulation, promote urination, and stop thirst.
They should be harvested after frost, stored for years, then cracked open to extract the kernels. Wash with water, dry, and grind into powder for use. Winter melon has cold and purgative properties and detoxifies. For Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting syndrome) and vexation, crush directly, squeeze out the juice, and take orally. (Xinxiu Bencao page 262, Daguan Bencao Vol. 27, Zhenghe Bencao page 504)