微温。主治中蛊及疟。
（今人乃呼赤者为 荷，白者为覆菹，叶同一种尔。于人食之，赤者为胜。药用白者。
中蛊者服其汁，并卧其叶，即呼蛊主姓名。亦主诸溪毒、沙虱辈，多食损药势，又不利脚。
人家种白 荷，亦云辟蛇。（《新修》二七六页，《大观》卷二十八，《政和》五一三页）
味甘、苦，大寒。主治时行壮热，解风热毒。
即今以杂作 蒸者。 ，作甜音，字亦作忝。时行热病初得，便捣饮汁皆除瘥。（《新修
》二七六页，《大观》卷二十八，《政和》五一三页）
味辛，温。主下气，除寒中，子尤良。
叶下紫色而气甚香。其无紫色不香似荏者，名野苏，不任用。子主下气，与橘皮相宜同
治
味辛，微温，无毒。主下气，杀谷，除饮食。辟口臭，去毒，辟恶气。久服通神明，轻
身，耐老。主吐血、衄血、血崩。一名鸡苏，一名劳祖，一名芥苴，一名瓜苴，一名道华。
生九真池泽，七月采。
方药不用，世中莫识。昔九真辽远，亦无能识访之。（《新修》二七七页，《大观》卷二
十八，《政和》五一四页）
味辛，微温。主治霍乱腹痛吐下，散水肿。
处处有此，惟供生食。十月中取，干之，霍乱煮饮，无不瘥。作煎，除水肿尤良之也。
（《新修》二七八页，《大观》卷二十八，《政和》五一五页）
[Micro-warm. Mainly treats gu poison (poisoning by magical or biological agents) and malaria.]
(Nowadays, people call the red variety "He" and the white variety "Fu Zu"; their leaves are from the same plant. For human consumption, the red one is superior. For medicinal use, the white one is used.)
(People suffering from gu poison take its juice and lie on its leaves, then they can call out the name of the master who cast the gu. It also mainly treats various stream poisons and sand leeches. However, excessive consumption damages the therapeutic efficacy and is unfavorable for treating foot-related ailments.)
(Planting white He in households is said to repel snakes.)
[Sweet and bitter, very cold. Mainly treats severe fever during epidemic diseases and resolves wind-heat toxicity.]
(This refers to the variety currently used mixed in steamed foods. The pronunciation is the same as "Tian" (sweet), and the character is also written as "Tian". When epidemic febrile diseases first occur, crushing it to drink the juice can cure the illness completely.)
[Pungent, warm. Mainly directs qi downward, removes cold from the middle jiao; the seeds are especially effective.]
(The underside of the leaves is purple and has a strong fragrance. Those that lack the purple color and fragrance and resemble Ren (Perilla frutescens var. acuta) are called wild Su and are not suitable for use. Its seeds mainly direct qi downward and are compatible with Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) for combined treatment.)
[Pungent, micro-warm, non-toxic. Mainly directs qi downward, aids digestion of grains, removes food stagnation. Repels bad breath, eliminates toxins, and wards off evil qi. Long-term consumption clarifies the mind and spirit, lightens the body, and promotes longevity. Mainly treats hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), and metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding). Also known as Ji Su, Lao Zu, Jie Ju, Gua Ju, and Dao Hua. Grows in the pools and marshes of Jiuzhen, harvested in July.]
(It is not used in prescriptions, and no one in the world recognizes it. In the past, Jiuzhen was remote, and no one could identify or seek it out.)
[Pungent, micro-warm. Mainly treats abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea due to cholera-like syndrome (Huoluan), and dissipates edema.]
(It is found everywhere but only used for raw consumption. Harvested in mid-autumn (10th lunar month), dried, and boiled in water for cholera-like syndrome; there is no case where it fails to cure. Made into a decoction/jam, it is especially excellent for eliminating edema.)