味咸，温，无毒。主治大人小儿惊痫，女子绝孕，少腹寒痛，少精、身重。服之令人有
子。一名玄水石，一名处石。生太山之阳，山阴有铜。铜者雌，玄石者雄。（恶松脂、柏子、
菌桂。）
《本经》磁石，一名玄石。《别录》各一种。今案其一名处石，名既同，治体又相似，
而寒温铜铁及畏恶有异。世中既不复用，无识其形者，不知与磁石相类否？（《新修》五四
页，《大观》卷四，《政和》一一二页）
味辛、甘，寒、大寒，无毒。主治身热，利胃，解烦，益精，明目，破积聚，去三虫。
除荣卫中去来大热，结热，解烦毒，止消渴，及中风痿痹。一名立制石，一名肌石，如石
膏，顺理而细。生汉中山谷及卢山，采无时。（滑石为之使，畏麻黄。）
汉中属梁州，卢山属青州。今出宁州。世用亦希，《仙经》时须，亦呼为长理石。石胆
一
六页）
味辛、苦，寒，无毒。主治身热，胃中结气，四肢寒厥，利小便，通血脉。明目，去翳
眇，去三虫，杀蛊毒。止消渴，下气，除胁肋肺间邪气。久服不饥。一名方石，一名土石，
一名直石。理如马齿，方而润泽，玉色。生长子山谷及太山、临淄，采无时。
长子县属上党郡，临淄县属青州。世方及《仙经》并无用此者也。（《新修》五六页，《
大观》卷四，《政和》一一七页）
[Nian Shi]
Taste: Salty. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats convulsions and epilepsy (Jing Xian) in adults and children, sterility in women, cold pain in the lower abdomen, scanty essence, and heaviness of the body. Ingestion enables one to have offspring. Also known as Xuan Shui Shi, also known as Chu Shi. Grows on the south side of Mount Tai; copper is found on the north side. Copper represents Yin (Female), Nian Shi represents Yang (Male). (Contraindicated with Song Zhi [Pinus resin], Bai Zi [Biota seed], and Jun Gui [Cinnamon bark]).
Ci Shi (Magnetite) in *Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing* is also named Xuan Shi. *Bie Lu* lists it as a separate substance. Current examination of its alias "Chu Shi" shows that while names are identical and therapeutic properties and physical forms are similar, their thermal natures, relationships with copper/iron, and contraindications differ. It is no longer used in the world, and few recognize its shape; it is unknown whether it is similar to Ci Shi. (Ref: *Xin Xiu Ben Cao* p. 54, *Da Guan Ben Cao* Vol. 4, *Zheng He Ben Cao* p. 112)
[Li Shi]
Taste: Pungent, Sweet. Nature: Cold, Great Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats fever, benefits the stomach, resolves vexation, nourishes essence, brightens the eyes, breaks up accumulations (Ji Ju), eliminates three types of parasites. Clears severe heat coming and going from Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive levels), resolves stagnant heat, relieves toxic vexation, stops Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), and treats stroke-induced Wei Bi (flaccidity and numbness). Also known as Li Zhi Shi, also known as Ji Shi. Resembles Shi Gao [Gypsum Fibrosum], with smooth and fine grain. Grows in valleys of Hanzhong and Lu Mountain; can be harvested at any time. (Hua Shi [Talcum] acts as an assistant; fears Ma Huang [Ephedra]).
Hanzhong belongs to Liang Zhou; Lu Mountain belongs to Qing Zhou. Currently produced in Ning Zhou. Usage in the world is rare; *Xian Jing* [Daoist Alchemical Texts] occasionally requires it, also calling it Chang Li Shi. Shi Dan [Lapis Ferri Sulphuratus]...
[Chang Shi]
Taste: Pungent, Bitter. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats fever, Qi stagnation in the stomach, cold reversal of the four limbs, promotes urination, unblocks blood vessels. Brightens the eyes, removes eye nebulae (Yi Miao), eliminates three types of parasites, kills Gu Du (Gu poison). Stops Xiao Ke, directs Qi downward, eliminates pathogenic factors in the hypochondrium and lungs. Long-term ingestion prevents hunger. Also known as Fang Shi, also known as Tu Shi, also known as Zhi Shi. Grain resembles horse teeth, square and moist, jade-colored. Grows in Changzi Valley, Mount Tai, and Linzi; can be harvested at any time.
Changzi County belongs to Shangdang Commandery; Linzi County belongs to Qing Zhou. Neither worldly medical formulas nor *Xian Jing* use this herb. (Ref: *Xin Xiu Ben Cao* p. 56, *Da Guan Ben Cao* Vol. 4, *Zheng He Ben Cao* p. 117)