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The fruit is as large as an olive, with a purple-brown shell that is brittle. Inside the seed, there is a coarse black skin, and the kernel is yellowish-white; it becomes gradually sweet and delicious after prolonged chewing. People suffering from five types of hemorrhoids (five kinds of anal diseases) often eat it like fruit to cure the condition. However, excessive consumption may cause loose bowels (diarrhea).

Currently, people call it *Juglans cathayensis* (Chinese Walnut). Its leaves are neither willow nor locust tree. The largest trees reach fifty to sixty chi in height and require two or three people to embrace them. They are very common in Hunan and north of the Yangtze River. However, they are also considered inferior timber, unsuitable for making vessels. The tender bark can be harvested to edge baskets and winnowing fans.

They are abundant in Shaanxi. Residents between Yongzhou and Yaozhou often use this wood for house construction. It easily takes root; fragments of chopped wood falling into the soil quickly sprout roots, making it easy to propagate. Not only in graveyards, but also in front of and behind houses and along paths, they are often planted due to the suitability of the land. When the wind blows, the leaves make a sound like heavy rain due to their petioles. Some claim they move without wind, which is false. I served in Yongzhou and Yaozhou and observed this closely. Only when the wind is slight, isolated leaves on the direct path of the wind often sway alone. Because the pedicel is long and thin, and the leaf blade is heavy, even a breeze causes continuous swaying, driven by physical forces. The leaf surface has a bluish sheen, while the back is white. The trunk is slightly white, hence the name "White Poplar" (*Populus alba*), not white like powder.

This refers to the previously mentioned *Vitex negundo* var. *heterophylla* (Chinese Chaste Tree), and this entry should not be established separately. Moreover, the *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* originally did not list *Luan Jing*, which was already detailed in the entry for *Viticis Fructus*.

Purple flowers bloom in spring, very fine and clustered. They grow in various places: sometimes on the trunk, sometimes attached below the roots in the soil, growing directly upward. Leaves emerge after flowering, shiny, tight, and slightly round. They are widely planted in gardens and nurseries.

*Uncaria rhynchophylla* (Hook Vine) is hollow internally, a fact omitted in two classic texts. Those measuring eight or nine chi, or one or two zhang, are found in the mountains of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangnan, and Jiangxi. Unscrupulous individuals sometimes place wine jars in crevices to steal wine by suction through the vine's pores; the wine flows out continuously. It specifically treats pediatric convulsive fever (pediatric heat with convulsions).

The color is purple-black with a slight luster, about one or two cun in diameter, round and flat. It is effective in treating five types of hemorrhoids. Burned into black ash, retaining some medicinal properties, it is taken with rice water decoction. Many people remove the flesh and make it into medicine gourd pendants worn at the waist.